de Lombardy, Hildeoc
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1. de Lombardy, Hildeoc was born in 400 in Moravian Gate, Moravia, Czech Republic; died in 460 in Moravian Gate, Moravia, Czech Republic. Other Events and Attributes:
- Appointments / Titles: Fourth King of the Lombards
- House: House of Lething
- FSID: L1PQ-GKL
Notes:
Hildeoc followed his father for about 7 years. He was also barely tangible and broke away from Hunnic highness.
King of the Lombards and Vassal of the Heruli.
Also known as AldihocFamily/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 2. de Lombardy, Godeoc
was born in 430 in Moravian Gate, Moravia, Czech Republic; died in 490 in Moravian Gate, Moravia, Czech Republic.
Generation: 2
2. de Lombardy, Godeoc (1.Hildeoc1) was born in 430 in Moravian Gate, Moravia, Czech Republic; died in 490 in Moravian Gate, Moravia, Czech Republic.
Other Events and Attributes:
- FSID: GCRM-GPK
Notes:
Gudehoc succeeded his father as king in the region of Bohemia and Moravia; some of the Lombards were already Arians at that time. He led his people, increased by other remnants of the people, to the area of Norikum-Nieder-Austria, where the Rugians sat, whose kingdom King Odoacer had destroyed. The Lombards are now becoming historically important
Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 3. de Lombardy, Claffo
was born in 450 in Moravian Gate, Moravia, Czech Republic; died in 500 in Rugiland.
Generation: 3
3. de Lombardy, Claffo (2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born in 450 in Moravian Gate, Moravia, Czech Republic; died in 500 in Rugiland.
Other Events and Attributes:
- Appointments / Titles: Sixth King of Lagobarden
- House: House of Lethings
- FSID: G4YY-NTH
Notes:
Klef I. followed his father and converted to the Arian faith himself. He was constantly against the neighbors, especially the Heruli, and had to pay tributes to them at times.
Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 4. de Lombardy, Zuchilo
was born in 471 in Kingdom of Pannonia; died in 530 in Kingdom of Pannonia.
Generation: 4
4. de Lombardy, Zuchilo (3.Claffo3, 2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born in 471 in Kingdom of Pannonia; died in 530 in Kingdom of Pannonia.
Other Events and Attributes:
- Appointments / Titles: Seventh King of Langobarden
- House: House of Lethings
- FSID: GSWM-CTP
- Occupation: Duke and General
Notes:
Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
2. ZUCHILO [Unichis] . Paulus Diaconus names "germani sui [Tatonis] Zuchilonis" when recording the accession of his son Wacho[126]. Zuchilo had one child:
a) WACHO (-540). From the Lething clan. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum names "Wacho filius Unichis", specifying in a later passage that they were "Lethinges"[127]. A later manuscript of the Origo names him "Wacho, filius Unichis, nepos Tatoni"[128]. He deposed King Tato in [510], defeated his son Hildechis, and installed himself as WACHO King of the Lombards. Paulus Diaconus names "Wacho filius germani sui [Tatonis] Zuchilonis", recording that he fought "Hildechis filius Tatonis"[129]. The Historia Langobardorum records that Wacho killed "Tattone rege barbane suo cum Vinsilane" and succeeded as king, defeating "Heldechis filio Tattoni" who fled "ad Gibidos" and died[130]. He consolidated his position, and the integration of his tribe as they moved into Pannonia, by his three marriages with daughters of three competing chiefs. m firstly RANIGUNDA [Raicunda], daughter of FISUD King of Thuringia. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum names "Raicundam filia Fisud regis Turingorum" as King Wacho's first wife[131]. The Historia Langobardorum names "Ranigunda filia Pisen regi Turingorum" as Wacho's first wife[132]. Paulus Diaconus names the three wives of Wacho "primam Ranicundam, filiam Regis Turingorum…Austrigosam, filiam regis Gepidorum…tertiam…Herulorum regis filiam…Salingam"[133]. m secondly OSTROGOTHA [Austreusa/Austrigosa], daughter of --- King of the Gepides. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum names "Austrigusa filiam Gippidorum" as King Wacho's second wife[134]. The Historia Langobardorum names "Austreusa filia Gibedorum" as Wacho's second wife[135]. Paulus Diaconus names the three wives of Wacho "primam Ranicundam, filiam Regis Turingorum…Austrigosam, filiam regis Gepidorum…tertiam…Herulorum regis filiam…Salingam"[136]. m thirdly SILENGA [Salinga], daughter of --- King of the Heruls. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum names "filia regis Herulorum…Silinga" as King Wacho's third wife[137]. Paulus Diaconus names the three wives of Wacho "primam Ranicundam, filiam Regis Turingorum…Austrigosam, filiam regis Gepidorum…tertiam…Herulorum regis filiam…Salingam"[138]. King Wacho & his second wife had two daughters:Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 5. de Lombardy, Wacho
was born in 490 in Kingdom of Pannonia; died in 540 in Kingdom of Pannonia.
Generation: 5
5. de Lombardy, Wacho (4.Zuchilo4, 3.Claffo3, 2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born in 490 in Kingdom of Pannonia; died in 540 in Kingdom of Pannonia.
Other Events and Attributes:
- Appointments / Titles: Eighth King of the Lombards
- House: House of Lethings
- FSID: L11F-65X
- Appointments / Titles: Between 510 and 539; King of the Lombards
Wacho married of the Gepidae, Austrigusa in 513. Austrigusa (daughter of of the Gepids, King Elemund) was born in 505; died in 540 in Sremska Mitrovica, Srem, Vojvodina, Serbia. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 6. de Lombardy, Princess Waldrada
was born in 535 in Kingdom of Pannonia; died in 572 in Bayern, Germany.
Generation: 6
6. de Lombardy, Princess Waldrada (5.Wacho5, 4.Zuchilo4, 3.Claffo3, 2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born in 535 in Kingdom of Pannonia; died in 572 in Bayern, Germany.
Other Events and Attributes:
- Appointments / Titles: Princess of The Lombards
- FSID: L4YH-J8R
Notes:
Wikipedia -
Waldrada (also Vuldetrada) (531–572), wife (firstly) of Theudebald, King of Austrasia (ruled 548–555), reputed mistress (secondly) of Chlothar I, King of the Franks (ruled until 561), was the daughter of Wacho, King of the Lombards (ruled ca. 510–539) and his second wife called Austrigusa or Ostrogotha, a Gepid.
The Origo Gentis Langobardorum names "Wisigarda…secundæ Walderada" as the two daughters of Wacho and his second wife, specifying that Waldrada married "Scusuald regis Francorum" and later "Garipald".[1] The Historia Langobardorum names "Waldrada" as Wacho's second daughter by his second wife, specifying that she married "Chusubald rex Francorum".[2] Paulus Diaconus names "Wisigarda…[et] secunda Walderada" as the two daughters of King Wacho & his second wife, specifying that Walderada married "Cusupald alio regi Francorum" and later "Garipald".[3] Gregory of Tours names Vuldetrada as the wife of King Theodebald.[4] Herimannus names "Wanderadam" wife of "Theodpaldus rex Francorum" when recording her second marriage to "Lotharius rex patris eius Theodeberti patruus".[5]
According to Gregory of Tours, King Clotaire "began to have intercourse" with the widow of King Theodebald, before "the bishops complained and he handed her over to Garivald Duke of Bavaria",[6] which apparently implies that King Clotaire did not marry Waldrada.Waldrada married von Baiern, Garibald I in 556 in Bayern, Germany. Garibald was born in 530 in Kingdom of Neustria (Historical); died in 591 in Bayern, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 7. von Baiern, Gertrudis
was born in 558 in Bayern, Germany; died on 17 Mar 645 in Eure-et-Loir, Centre, France.
Generation: 7
7. von Baiern, Gertrudis (6.Waldrada6, 5.Wacho5, 4.Zuchilo4, 3.Claffo3, 2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born in 558 in Bayern, Germany; died on 17 Mar 645 in Eure-et-Loir, Centre, France.
Other Events and Attributes:
- FSID: 9CCY-LJQ
Family/Spouse: von Landen, Karlmann. Karlmann was born on 13 Aug 550 in Kingdom of Austrasia; died on 21 Feb 613 in Kingdom of Austrasia. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 8. von Herstal, Pippin I
was born on 13 Aug 582 in Landen, Brabant Wallon, Belgium; died on 27 Feb 640 in Landen, Brabant Wallon, Belgium; was buried after 27 Feb 640 in Nivelles, Brabant Wallon, Belgium.
Generation: 8
8. von Herstal, Pippin I (7.Gertrudis7, 6.Waldrada6, 5.Wacho5, 4.Zuchilo4, 3.Claffo3, 2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born on 13 Aug 582 in Landen, Brabant Wallon, Belgium; died on 27 Feb 640 in Landen, Brabant Wallon, Belgium; was buried after 27 Feb 640 in Nivelles, Brabant Wallon, Belgium.
Other Events and Attributes:
- House: House of Pippinids
- FSID: LZPS-59C
- Occupation: Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia for Clotaire II and Dagobert, 1st Duke of Brabant, Maire du Palais d'Austrasie (626-629), , Major Domus for Clothar II, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia
- Life Event: Between 615 and 629, Kingdom of Austrasia; Mayor Of The Palace of Austrasia
Notes:
Division of the kingdom
Internally, the kingdom was divided among Clovis's sons and later among his grandsons and frequently saw war between the different kings, who quickly allied among themselves and against one another. The death of one king created conflict between the surviving brothers and the deceased's sons, with differing outcomes. Later, conflicts were intensified by the personal feud around Brunhilda. However, yearly warfare often did not constitute general devastation but took on an almost ritual character, with established 'rules' and norms.[8]
Reunification of the kingdom
Eventually, Clotaire II in 613 reunited the entire Frankish realm under one ruler. Later divisions produced the stable units of Austrasia, Neustria, Burgundy and Aquitania.
The frequent wars had weakened royal power, while the aristocracy had made great gains and procured enormous concessions from the kings in return for their support. These concessions saw the very considerable power of the king parcelled out and retained by leading comites and duces (counts and dukes). Very little is in fact known about the course of the 7th century due to a scarcity of sources, but Merovingians remained in power until the 8th century.
Weakening of the kingdom
Clotaire's son Dagobert I (died 639), who sent troops to Spain and pagan Slavic territories in the east, is commonly seen as the last powerful Merovingian King. Later kings are known as rois fainéants[1] ("do-nothing kings"), despite the fact that only the last two kings did nothing. The kings, even strong-willed men like Dagobert II and Chilperic II, were not the main agents of political conflicts, leaving this role to their mayors of the palace, who increasingly substituted their own interest for their king's.[9] Many kings came to the throne at a young age and died in the prime of life, weakening royal power further.
Return to power[edit]
The conflict between mayors was ended when the Austrasians under Pepin the Middle triumphed in 687 in the Battle of Tertry. After this, Pepin, though not a king, was the political ruler of the Frankish kingdom and left this position as a heritage to his sons. It was now the sons of the mayor that divided the realm among each other under the rule of a single king.Family/Spouse: de Nivelles, Saint Iduberga. Iduberga was born in 592 in Kingdom of Austrasia; died on 8 May 652 in Kloster Nivelles, Nivelles, Brabant Wallon, Belgium; was buried after 8 May 652 in Nivelles, Brabant Wallon, Belgium. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 9. von Herstal, Begga
was born on 2 Jun 613 in Landen, Brabant Wallon, Belgium; died on 17 Dec 693 in Andenne, Namur, Belgium; was buried in 693 in Andenne, Namur, Belgium.
Generation: 9
9. von Herstal, Begga (8.Pippin8, 7.Gertrudis7, 6.Waldrada6, 5.Wacho5, 4.Zuchilo4, 3.Claffo3, 2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born on 2 Jun 613 in Landen, Brabant Wallon, Belgium; died on 17 Dec 693 in Andenne, Namur, Belgium; was buried in 693 in Andenne, Namur, Belgium.
Other Events and Attributes:
- FSID: LDSS-HQZ
- Religion: Roman Catholic
Notes:
After the demise of Grimoald in 662, the property passed to Ansegisel and Begga, the parents of Pippin II.
Begga founded seven churches in Andenne after Ansegisel's deathBegga married of Austrasia, Ansegisel in 634 in Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France. Ansegisel (son of of Metz, Saint Arnulf and of Metz, Doda) was born in 610 in Kingdom of Austrasia; died in 670 in Chaudfontaine, Liege, Belgium; was buried in 670. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 10. von Herstal, Pippin II
was born in 635 in Herstal, Liege, Belgium; died on 16 Dec 714 in Jupilles, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France; was buried on 18 Dec 714 in Notre-Dame de Chèvremont, Liege, Belgium.
Generation: 10
10. von Herstal, Pippin II (9.Begga9, 8.Pippin8, 7.Gertrudis7, 6.Waldrada6, 5.Wacho5, 4.Zuchilo4, 3.Claffo3, 2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born in 635 in Herstal, Liege, Belgium; died on 16 Dec 714 in Jupilles, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France; was buried on 18 Dec 714 in Notre-Dame de Chèvremont, Liege, Belgium.
Other Events and Attributes:
- Appointments / Titles: Mayor of Austrasia
- House: House of Pippinids
- FSID: LDSS-4ZY
Notes:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepin_of_Herstal also https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/131325529/pepin_ii-of_herstal
https://gw.geneanet.org/zanel?lang=fr&p=pepin+ii&n=de+herstalPippin married von Herstal, Chalpaida in 677 in Kingdom of the Franks. Chalpaida was born in 650 in Prüm, Bitburg-Prum, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany; died on 16 Dec 714 in Kingdom of the Franks; was buried after 16 Dec 714 in Orp-le-Grand Monastery, Orp-Jauche, Arrondissement de Nivelles, Wlloon Brabant, Belgium. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 11. Martel, King Charles
was born on 23 Aug 686 in Herstal, Liege, Belgium; was christened in 688 in Herstal, Liege, Belgium; died on 20 Oct 741 in Quierzy, Aisne, Picardie, France; was buried on 22 Oct 741 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France.
Pippin married von Köln, Plectrude in 670. Plectrude was born in 655 in Kingdom of Austrasia; died on 10 Aug 725 in Köln, Köln, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany; was buried after 10 Aug 725 in Saint Maria, Köln, Köln, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 12. de Champagne, Count Drogo
was born in 675 in Kingdom of Austrasia; died in 708 in Kingdom of Austrasia; was buried in 708 in Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France.
Generation: 11
11. Martel, King Charles (10.Pippin10, 9.Begga9, 8.Pippin8, 7.Gertrudis7, 6.Waldrada6, 5.Wacho5, 4.Zuchilo4, 3.Claffo3, 2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born on 23 Aug 686 in Herstal, Liege, Belgium; was christened in 688 in Herstal, Liege, Belgium; died on 20 Oct 741 in Quierzy, Aisne, Picardie, France; was buried on 22 Oct 741 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France.
Other Events and Attributes:
- House: House of Pippinid
- FSID: 99KR-KTJ
- Religion: Roman Catholic
- Life Event: Between 714 and 741, Kingdom of Austrasia; Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia & Neustria; mayor; Hausmeier; Austrasien; 714; 715, 717
- Life Event: 717; Duke and Prince of the Franks, fränkischer Hausmeier, Herzog der Franken, Kuningas, Duc des Austrasiens, Frankish King, Mayor of the Palace
- Appointments / Titles: Between 718 and 741, Kingdom of Neustria (Historical); mayor of the Palace of Neustria
- Military: 10 Oct 732, Tours, Indre-et-Loire, Centre, France; Led the Franks, Saxons, to victory over 500,000 Moors from Hispania (Spain) on 10-10-732
Notes:
Charles, more commonly known as Charles Martel, was a formidable warrior and statesmen who thoroughly deserved his nickname of “the hammer.”
Charles was the son of Frankish statesman Pepin of Herstal and his 2nd wife noblewoman Alpaida, he was born about 688. He had a brother named Childebrand, who later became the Frankish dux (Duke) of Burgundy.
In older historiography, it was common to describe Charles as "illegitimate". But the dividing line between wives and concubines was not clear-cut in eighth-century Francia, and it is likely that the accusation of "illegitimacy" derives from the desire of Pepin's first wife Plectrude to see her progeny as heirs to Pepin's power.
Charles Martel, as Duke and Prince of the Franks and Mayor of the Palace, was the de facto ruler of Francia from 718 until his death, 22 October 741 in Quierzy, France.
Charles Martel married twice, his first wife being Rotrude of Treves. They had the following children:
-Hiltrud,
-Carloman,
-Landrade, also rendered Landres
-Auda, also called Aldana or Alane
-Pepin the Short, also called Pippin
Charles married a second time, to Swanhild, and they had one child:
-Grifo
Charles Martel also had a known mistress, Ruodhaid, with whom he had children:
-Bernard
-Hieronymus
-Remigius. Archbishop of Rouen.
Through his son Pepin the Short, Charles Martel was the grandfather of Charles the Great, otherwise known as Charlemagne. Charlemagne was originally named Charles after his grandfather.Charles married de Trèves, Princess Chrotrude in 721 in Quierzy, Aisne, Picardie, France. Chrotrude was born on 23 Aug 688 in Trier, Trier, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany; was christened in 695 in Kingdom of Austrasia; died on 22 Oct 724 in Quierzy, Aisne, Picardie, France; was buried after 22 Oct 724 in Abbey of Saint-Arnould, Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 13. de France, Aude
was born in UNKNOWN in France; died in 755.
- 14. of the Franks, King Peppin III
was born on 2 Apr 714 in Liège, Liege, Belgium; was christened in 754 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France; died on 24 Sep 768 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France; was buried on 28 Sep 768 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France.
- 15. von Herstal, Aldana
was born in 718 in Kingdom of the Franks; died in 804 in Kingdom of the Franks.
12. de Champagne, Count Drogo (10.Pippin10, 9.Begga9, 8.Pippin8, 7.Gertrudis7, 6.Waldrada6, 5.Wacho5, 4.Zuchilo4, 3.Claffo3, 2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born in 675 in Kingdom of Austrasia; died in 708 in Kingdom of Austrasia; was buried in 708 in Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France.
Other Events and Attributes:
- Appointments / Titles: Count of Chaumontois
- FSID: G4B1-48V
- Appointments / Titles: Between 690 and 708, Champagne, Dordogne, Aquitaine, France; Duke of Champagne
Notes:
Drogo (c.675 – 708) was a Frankish nobleman, the eldest son of Pippin of Heristal and Plectrude. He was the duke of Champagne from the early 690s.
Drogo was born shortly after his parents' marriage, which probably took place in 675 or just after. In the early 680s, Pippin arranged the marriage of Drogo with Anstrudis (or Adaltrudis), the daughter of Waratto, the mayor of the palace in Neustria, and his wife Ansfledis. The marriage took place toward the end of the decade or in the early 690s. Drogo and Anstrudis had four sons: Arnulf, who succeeded him as duke of Champagne; Hugh, who entered the church and rose to become an archbishop; Gotfrid; and Pippin.
The marriage of Drogo and Anstrudis increased his father Pippin's influence in Neustria. Waratto's family properties were located mainly in the vicinity of Rouen. Drogo, however, was made duke in Champagne, a frontier region between Neustria and Austrasia. His power in Champagne was enhanced through his control of the monastery of Montier-en-Der and possibly the monastery of Hautvillers.
The Liber Historiae Francorum, a history of the Franks written in Neustria in 727, portrays the Austrasian Drogo as sympathetic to the Neustrians because of his marital connections. He did, however, fall foul of the abbey of Saint-Denis, which sued him in the king's court in a property dispute. King Childebert III ruled in Saint-Denis's favour. Drogo also lost a lawsuit over the villa of Noisy-sur-Oise with the monastery of Tussonval in 697.
Drogo predeceased his father, dying in 707, according to the Gesta abbatum Fontanellensium, or in 708, according to most of the annals. He was buried in the church of Saint Arnulf at Metz, to which his four sons made a grant of land in his honour in June 715. The Annales Mettenses record that Grimoald succeeded Drogo in all his offices, but in fact his son Arnulf succeeded him as duke. The death of Drogo was perceived by later generations as a pivotal event in the history of the Carolingian dynasty. Several of the imperial annals written in the late eighth century begin their year-by-year accounts with 708. These include the Annales Alamannici, Annales Nazariani and Annales Laureshamenses.
geni.com
Drogo (Dreux) Каролинг (Шампанский), duc de Champagne et Bourgogne
English (default): Drogo (Dreux), duc de Champagne et Bourgogne, Russian: Дрого Каролинг (Шампанский), duc de Champagne et Bourgogne
Birthdate: 670
Birthplace: Heristal, Leige Province, Belgium
Death: March 24, 708 (37-38)
Aisne, Picardie, France
Place of Burial: Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France
Immediate Family:
Son of Pépin ll "the Fat" d'Héristal, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia and Plectrude
Husband of Adaltrudis
Father of
Arnoul ll de Champagne, comte de Chaumontois;
Hugh de Champagne-Fontenelle, Fontenelle;
Grimoald and
Pepin de Champagne, de Herstal
Brother of Grimoald II the Younger
Half brother of Charles Martel and Sylvius Heristal, Bishop
Occupation: Duc de Champagne et de Bourgogne, Mayor of the Palace of Burgundy, hertog Bourgondie/ChampagneDrogo married de Neustrie, AdaltrudeLa Champagne, Dordogne, Aquitaine, France. Adaltrude (daughter of Waratto and Berthar, Ansflede) was born in 667 in Aachen, Aachen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany; died in UNKNOWN in Aquitaine, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 16. de Champagne, Godfried
was born in 700 in Champagne, Dordogne, Aquitaine, France; died in 735 in France.
Generation: 12
13. de France, Aude (11.Charles11, 10.Pippin10, 9.Begga9, 8.Pippin8, 7.Gertrudis7, 6.Waldrada6, 5.Wacho5, 4.Zuchilo4, 3.Claffo3, 2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born in UNKNOWN in France; died in 755.
Other Events and Attributes:
- FSID: LHKK-QWT
Notes:
Auda of France
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Auda, Aida, Alda, Aldana or Adalne (722 – before 755?) was a daughter of Charles Martel and probably Rotrude, and was the mother of Saint William of Gellone.
Marriage and children
She was married to Thierry IV, count of Autun in 742 and in 750, son of Theodoric, count, and descendant of Bertrada of Prüm. From this marriage were born:
Theodoen (d. bef. 826), count of Autun, mentioned in 804
Thierry, mentioned in 782 and in 804.
Adalhelm
William, count of Toulouse and founder of the Abbey of Gellone.
Abba and Berta, mentioned as nuns in 804. One of them was probably married to a Nibelungid, Childebrand II or Nibelung II.Aude married d'Autun, Thierry I in 742. Thierry was born in UNKNOWN; died on 14 Dec 804. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 17. d'Autun, Adalhelm
was born in 750; died in 804.
14. of the Franks, King Peppin III (11.Charles11, 10.Pippin10, 9.Begga9, 8.Pippin8, 7.Gertrudis7, 6.Waldrada6, 5.Wacho5, 4.Zuchilo4, 3.Claffo3, 2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born on 2 Apr 714 in Liège, Liege, Belgium; was christened in 754 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France; died on 24 Sep 768 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France; was buried on 28 Sep 768 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France.
Other Events and Attributes:
- Nickname: The Short
- FSID: 9MWY-PTR
- Residence: Basilica of St Denis, Paris, Île-de-France, France
- Appointments / Titles: Between 741 and 751, Kingdom of Neustria (Historical); On the death of Charles Martel in 741, Pepin succeeding his father as the Mayor of the Palace of Neustria while his older brother Carloman became Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia.
- Appointments / Titles: Between 751 and 24 Sep 768, Soissons, Aisne, Picardie, France; Elected King of the Franks by an assembly of Frankish nobles in 751, Pepin was anointed King of the Franks by Boniface, Archbishop of Mainzin, in Soissons.
- Religion: 752, Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France; Appointed Archbishop of Metz
- Appointments / Titles: 754, Basilica of St Denis, Paris, Île-de-France, France; In 754 Pepin was anointed King a second time by Pope Stephen II in Paris at the Basilica of St Denis. In the lavish ceremony the Pope also bestowed upon him the additional title of Patrician of the Romans. This is the first recorded crowning of a civil ruler by a Pope.
Notes:
Pepin the Short
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pepin the Short
King of the Franks
Reign 751 – 24 September 768
Predecessor Childeric III
Successor Charlemagne and Carloman I
Mayor of the Palace of Neustria
Reign 741–751
Predecessor Charles Martel
Successor Merged into crown
Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia
Reign 747–751
Predecessor Carloman
Successor Merged into crown
Born 714
Died 24 September 768 (aged 54)
Saint-Denis
Burial Basilica of St Denis
Spouse Bertrada of Laon
Issue Charlemagne
Carloman I
Gisela
Dynasty Carolingian
Father Charles Martel
Mother Rotrude of Hesbaye
Religion Roman Catholicism
Signature Pepin the Short's signature
Pepin the Short[a] (German: Pippin der Jüngere, French: Pépin le Bref, c. 714 – 24 September 768) was the King of the Franks from 751 until his death in 768. He was the first of the Carolingians to become king.[b][2]
The younger son of the Frankish prince Charles Martel and his wife Rotrude, Pepin's upbringing was distinguished by the ecclesiastical education he had received from the monks of St. Denis. Succeeding his father as the Mayor of the Palace in 741, Pepin reigned over Francia jointly with his elder brother Carloman. Pepin ruled in Neustria, Burgundy and Provence, while his older brother Carloman established himself in Austrasia, Alemannia and Thuringia. The brothers were active in suppressing revolts led by the Bavarians, Aquitanians, Saxons and the Alemanni in the early years of their reign. In 743, they ended the Frankish interregnum by choosing Childeric III, who was to be the last Merovingian monarch, as figurehead king of the Franks.
Being well disposed towards the church and papacy on account of their ecclesiastical upbringing, Pepin and Carloman continued their father's work in supporting Saint Boniface in reforming the Frankish church, and evangelising the Saxons. After Carloman, who was an intensely pious man, retired to religious life in 747, Pepin became the sole ruler of the Franks. He suppressed a revolt led by his half-brother Grifo, and succeeded in becoming the undisputed master of all Francia. Giving up pretense, Pepin then forced Childeric into a monastery and had himself proclaimed king of the Franks with support of Pope Zachary in 751. The decision was not supported by all members of the Carolingian family and Pepin had to put down a revolt led by Carloman's son, Drogo, and again by Grifo.
As king, Pepin embarked on an ambitious program to expand his power. He reformed the legislation of the Franks and continued the ecclesiastical reforms of Boniface. Pepin also intervened in favour of the papacy of Stephen II against the Lombards in Italy. He was able to secure several cities, which he then gave to the Pope as part of the Donation of Pepin. This formed the legal basis for the Papal States in the Middle Ages. The Byzantines, keen to make good relations with the growing power of the Frankish empire, gave Pepin the title of Patricius. In wars of expansion, Pepin conquered Septimania from the Islamic Umayyads, and subjugated the southern realms by repeatedly defeating Waiofar and his Gascon troops, after which the Gascon and Aquitanian lords saw no option but to pledge loyalty to the Franks. Pepin was, however, troubled by the relentless revolts of the Saxons and the Bavarians. He campaigned tirelessly in Germany, but the final subjugation of these tribes was left to his successors.
Pepin died in 768 and was succeeded by his sons Charlemagne and Carloman. Although unquestionably one of the most powerful and successful rulers of his time, Pepin's reign is largely overshadowed by that of his more famous son, Charlemagne.
Contents
1 Assumption of power
2 First Carolingian King
3 Expansion of the Frankish realm
4 Legacy
5 Family
6 Notes
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
Assumption of power
Pepin's father Charles Martel died in 741. He divided the rule of the Frankish kingdom between Pepin and his elder brother, Carloman, his surviving sons by his first wife: Carloman became Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia, Pepin became Mayor of the Palace of Neustria. Grifo, Charles's son by his second wife, Swanahild (also known as Swanhilde), demanded a share in the inheritance, but he was besieged in Laon, forced to surrender and imprisoned in a monastery by his two half-brothers.
In the Frankish realm the unity of the kingdom was essentially connected with the person of the king. So Carloman, to secure this unity, raised the Merovingian Childeric to the throne (743). Then in 747 Carloman either resolved to or was pressured into entering a monastery. This left Francia in the hands of Pepin as sole mayor of the palace and dux et princeps Francorum.
At the time of Carloman's retirement, Grifo escaped his imprisonment and fled to Duke Odilo of Bavaria, who was married to Hiltrude, Pepin's sister. Pepin put down the renewed revolt led by his half-brother and succeeded in completely restoring the boundaries of the kingdom.
Under the reorganization of Francia by Charles Martel, the dux et princeps Francorum was the commander of the armies of the kingdom, in addition to his administrative duties as mayor of the palace.[3]
Coronation in 751 of Pepin the Short by Boniface, Archbishop of Mainz
First Carolingian King
As mayor of the palace, Pepin was formally subject to the decisions of Childeric III who had only the title of King but no power. Since Pepin had control over the magnates and actually had the power of a king, he now addressed to Pope Zachary a suggestive question:
In regard to the kings of the Franks who no longer possess the royal power: is this state of things proper?
Hard pressed by the Lombards, Pope Zachary welcomed this move by the Franks to end an intolerable condition and lay the constitutional foundations for the exercise of the royal power. The Pope replied that such a state of things is not proper. In these circumstances, the de facto power was considered more important than the de jure authority.
After this decision the throne was declared vacant. Childeric III was deposed and confined to a monastery. He was the last of the Merovingians.
Pepin was then elected King of the Franks by an assembly of Frankish nobles, with a large portion of his army on hand. The earliest account of his election and anointing is the Clausula de Pippino written around 767. Meanwhile, Grifo continued his rebellion, but was eventually killed in the battle of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne in 753.
Pepin was assisted by his friend Vergilius of Salzburg, an Irish monk who probably used a copy of the "Collectio canonum Hibernensis" (an Irish collection of canon law) to advise him to receive royal unction to assist his recognition as king.[4] Anointed a first time in 751 in Soissons, Pepin added to his power after Pope Stephen II traveled all the way to Paris to anoint him a second time in a lavish ceremony at the Basilica of St Denis in 754, bestowing upon him the additional title of patricius Romanorum (Patrician of the Romans) and is the first recorded crowning of a civil ruler by a Pope.[5] As life expectancies were short in those days, and Pepin wanted family continuity, the Pope also anointed Pepin's sons, Charles (eventually known as Charlemagne), who was 12, and Carloman, who was 3.
Expansion of the Frankish realm
Muslim troops leaving Narbonne in 759, after 40 years of occupation
Pepin's expedition to Septimania and Aquitaine (760)
Pepin's first major act as king was to go to war against the Lombard king Aistulf, who had expanded into the ducatus Romanus. After a meeting with Pope Stephen II at Ponthion, Pepin forced the Lombard king to return property seized from the Church.[6] He confirmed the papacy in possession of Ravenna and the Pentapolis, the so-called Donation of Pepin, whereby the Papal States were established and the temporal reign of the papacy officially began.[6] At about 752, he turned his attention to Septimania. The new king headed south in a military expedition down the Rhone valley and received the submission of eastern Septimania (i.e. Nîmes, Maguelone, Beziers and Agde) after securing count Ansemund's allegiance. The Frankish king went on to invest Narbonne, the main Umayyad stronghold in Septimania, but could not capture it from the Iberian Muslims until seven years later in 759,[7] when they were driven out to Hispania.
Aquitaine still remained under Waiofar's Gascon-Aquitanian rule, however, and beyond Frankish reach. Duke Waiofar appears to have confiscated Church lands, maybe distributing them among his troops. In 760, after conquering the Roussillon from the Muslims and denouncing Waiofar's actions, Pepin moved his troops over to Toulouse and Albi, ravaged with fire and sword most of Aquitaine, and, in retaliation, counts loyal to Waiofar ravaged Burgundy.[8] Pepin, in turn, besieged the Aquitanian-held towns and strongholds of Bourbon, Clermont, Chantelle, Bourges and Thouars, defended by Waiofar's Gascon troops, who were overcome, captured and deported into northern France with their children and wives.[9]
In 763, Pepin advanced further into the heart of Waiofar's domains and captured major strongholds (Poitiers, Limoges, Angoulême, etc.), after which Waiofar counterattacked and war became bitter. Pepin opted to spread terror, burning villas, destroying vineyards and depopulating monasteries. By 765, the brutal tactics seemed to pay off for the Franks, who destroyed resistance in central Aquitaine and devastated the whole region. The city of Toulouse was conquered by Pepin in 767 as was Waiofar's capital of Bordeaux.[10]
As a result, Aquitanian nobles and Gascons from beyond the Garonne too saw no option but to accept a pro-Frankish peace treaty (Fronsac, c. 768). Waiofar escaped but was assassinated by his own frustrated followers in 768.
Legacy
Allegoric depiction of Pepin
Pepin died during a campaign, in 768 at the age of 54. He was interred in the Basilica of Saint Denis in modern-day Metropolitan Paris. His wife Bertrada was also interred there in 783. Charlemagne rebuilt the Basilica in honor of his parents and placed markers at the entrance.
The Frankish realm was divided according to the Salic law between his two sons: Charlemagne and Carloman I.
Historical opinion often seems to regard him as the lesser son and lesser father of two greater men, though a great man in his own right. He continued to build up the heavy cavalry which his father had begun. He maintained the standing army that his father had found necessary to protect the realm and form the core of its full army in wartime. He not only contained the Iberian Muslims as his father had, but drove them out of what is now France and, as important, he managed to subdue the Aquitanians and the Gascons after three generations of on-off clashes, so opening the gate to central and southern Gaul and Muslim Iberia. He continued his father's expansion of the Frankish church (missionary work in Germany and Scandinavia) and the institutional infrastructure (feudalism) that would prove the backbone of medieval Europe.
His rule, while not as great as either his father's or son's, was historically important and of great benefit to the Franks as a people. Pepin's assumption of the crown, and the title of Patrician of Rome, were harbingers of his son's imperial coronation which is usually seen as the founding of the Kingdom of France. He made the Carolingians de jure what his father had made them de facto—the ruling dynasty of the Franks and the foremost power of Europe. Known as a great conqueror, he was undefeated during his lifetime.
Family
Pepin married Leutberga from the Danube region. They had five children. She was repudiated some time after the birth of Charlemagne and her children were sent to convents.
In 741, Pepin married Bertrada, daughter of Caribert of Laon. They are known to have had eight children, at least three of whom survived to adulthood:
Charles (2 April 742 – 28 January 814), (Charlemagne)
Carloman (751 – 4 December 771)
Gisela (757–810)
Pepin, died in infancy.
Chrothais, died young, buried in Metz.
Adelais, died young, buried in Metz.Family/Spouse: de Laon, Queen Bertrada II. Bertrada was born on 1 Apr 720 in Laon, Aisne, Picardie, France; was christened on 2 Apr 720 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France; died on 12 Jul 783 in Choisy, Oise, Picardie, France; was buried on 16 Jul 783 in Basilica of St Denis, Paris, Île-de-France, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 18. of the Holy Roman Empire, King Charlemagne
was born on 2 Apr 742 in Ingelheim am Rhein, Mainz-Bingen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany; was christened on 5 Apr 752 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France; died on 28 Jan 814 in Aachen, Aachen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany; was buried on 9 Feb 814 in Aachen Cathedral, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany.
15. von Herstal, Aldana (11.Charles11, 10.Pippin10, 9.Begga9, 8.Pippin8, 7.Gertrudis7, 6.Waldrada6, 5.Wacho5, 4.Zuchilo4, 3.Claffo3, 2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born in 718 in Kingdom of the Franks; died in 804 in Kingdom of the Franks.
Other Events and Attributes:
- FSID: LHKK-QWT
Notes:
http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/FRANKSMaiordomi.htm#AldaMTheodericAutun
Family/Spouse: von Autun, Theoderic I. Theoderic was born in 715 in Autun, Saône-et-Loire, Bourgogne, France; died in 793. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 19. de Gellone, Wilhelm
was born in 750 in Royaume, Hainaut, Belgium; died in May 812 in Hérault, Languedoc-Roussillon, France; was buried on 28 May 812 in Aniane, Hérault, Languedoc-Roussillon, France.
16. de Champagne, Godfried (12.Drogo11, 10.Pippin10, 9.Begga9, 8.Pippin8, 7.Gertrudis7, 6.Waldrada6, 5.Wacho5, 4.Zuchilo4, 3.Claffo3, 2.Godeoc2, 1.Hildeoc1) was born in 700 in Champagne, Dordogne, Aquitaine, France; died in 735 in France.
Other Events and Attributes:
- FSID: GW44-BD4
Notes:
Gotfrid of Champagne was the son of Drogo of Champagne and his wife Anstrude of Neustria and Burgundy. He was born in Champagne about 700. He was the younger brother of Arnulf, Duke of Champagne and Hugh Archbishop of Rouen, and older brother of Pippin. He was also the grandson of Pepin of Herstal.
In 723 it is recorded that at the command of Gotfrid's paternal uncle Charles Martel "two sons of Drogo were bound, Arnold [Arnulf] and another who died", either Gotfrid or Pippin. (Recorded in the Annales Nazariani, the Annales Petaviani, Annales Laureshamenses and Annales Alamannici.) As most records give Gotfrid's year of death as 735, it appears that it was Pippin and not Gotfrid who died at the hands of their uncle.Family/Spouse: de Bourges, Pomponia. Pomponia (daughter of de Bourges, Optatus Aridius I and de Cahors, N.N.) was born in 700 in Europe; died in DECEASED. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 20. de Bourges, Count Humbert
was born in 725 in Bourges, Cher, Centre, France; died in 778 in Bourges, Cher, Centre, France.
- 21. de Champagne, Countess Altrude
was born in 730 in Champagne, Dordogne, Aquitaine, France; died in 788 in Bourges, Cher, Centre, France.