Other Events and Attributes:

• Nickname: The Stammerer
• FSID: 94NX-NK2

Notes:

LOUIS II the Stammerer, King of Neustria, 856, King of Aquitaine, 867, King of France, 877-879, son and heir by his father's 1st marriage, born 1 Nov. c.846. He married (1st) March 862 ANSGARDE, daughter of Count Harduin. They had two sons, Louis (III) [joint King of France] and Carloman [King of France], and three daughters, Hildegarde and Gisela (or Gisele) (wife of Robert, Count palatine of Troyes), and Ermentrude. She died after 2 Nov. 880, 881, or 882. He married (2nd) ADELAIDE, daughter of Count Adelard. They had one son, Charles (III) the Simple [King of France]. LOUIS II, King of France, died at Compiegne 10 April 879. His widow, AdelaIde, died 18 October, after 9 Nov. 901.
Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 5 (1898): 113 (seal of King Louis II dated A.D. 879 - Oval: a bust in profile to the right. Legend: ... GRATIA …). Halphen Recueil d’Annales Angevines et Vendômoises (1903): 55 (Annales de Vendôme sub A.D. 879: "Hludovicus moritur, rex Germanie."). Brandenburg Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen (1935) IV 34. Decker-Hauff (1955): 330 (identifies wife Adelheid as daughter of Welf, Graf im Argengau). Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 1 (sub Kings of the West Franks). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): IV.40, V.49-V.54. Settipani & von Kerrebrouck La Préhistoire des Capetians (1993).”
- this comes from “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013)
----------------

"Louis II, known as Louis the Stammerer, was the King of Aquitaine and later the King of West Francia. He was the eldest son of emperor Charles the Bald and Ermentrude of Orléans. Louis the Stammerer was physically weak and outlived his father by only two years."

"He succeeded his younger brother Charles the Child as the ruler of Aquitaine in 866 and his father in West Francia in 877, but he was *never* crowned Holy Roman Emperor."

"Louis was crowned king on 8 October 877 by Hincmar, archbishop of Reims, at Compiegne and was crowned a second time in August 878 by Pope John VIII at Troyes while the pope was attending a council there. The pope may have even offered him the imperial crown, but it was declined. Louis had relatively little impact on politics. He was described "a simple and sweet man, a lover of peace, justice, and religion". In 878, he gave the counties of Barcelona, Girona, and Besalú to Wilfred the Hairy. His final act was to march against the invading Vikings, but he fell ill and died on 9 April or 10 April 879, not long after beginning this final campaign. On his death, his realms were divided between his two sons, Carloman II and Louis III of France."

Louis married de Paris, Adélaïde in 862. Adélaïde was born in 850 in Paris, Île-de-France, France; died on 10 Nov 901 in Laon, Aisne, Picardie, France; was buried after 19 Nov 901 in Compiègne, Oise, Picardie, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. de France, Charles was born on 17 Sep 879 in France; died on 7 Oct 929 in Péronne, Somme, Picardie, France; was buried after 7 Oct 929 in Abbey of Saint Fursy, Péronne, Somme, Picardie, France.
2. de France, Ermentrude was born in 875; died in 893.

Other Events and Attributes:

• House: House of Carolingian
• Nickname: The Bald
• FSID: 2QBY-PCY
• Military: Between 840 and 843; Carolingian Civil War
• Life Event: 14 Feb 842; Alliance between Charles the Bald and Louis the German against their brother Lothair I
• Life Event: 843; Restricted the powers of the king and guaranteed rights of the nobility and clergy.
• Life Event: 860; King of the West Franks
• Life Event: 876; King of Italy and the Roman Empire

Notes:

King of the Franks, Emperor of the Roman Empire
Oaths of Strasbourg: 14 Feb 842 AD; Alliance between Charles the Bald and Louis the German against their brother Lothair I
Charles ΙΙ, also known as Charles the Bald was the youngest son of Louis the Pious and his second wife Judith. He was also a grandson of Charlemagne. Charles was born June 13, 823 in Frankfurt am Main, and was named Charles after his famous and powerful grandfather. His older brothers are Lothair I, Pepin of Aquitaine, and Louis the German.
Charles married Ermentrude of Orléans, daughter of Odo I, Count of Orléansin, in 842 and they had 10 children: Judith of Flanders, Louis the Stammerer, Charles the Child, Lothair the Lame, Carloman, Rotrude and Ermentrud (both who became nuns), Hildegarde, Gisela, and Godehilde.
Ermentrude died October 6 869 and in 870 Charles married Richilde of the Ardennes, daughter of Bivin of Gorze, Count of the Ardennes. Together they had 5 more children: Rothilde, Drogo, Pippin, a son who died an infant in 875, and Charles. Unfortunately out of these 5 only Rothilde survived to adulthood.

Charles the Bald was not bald, he is pictured with a full head of hair. 'The Bald' rather refers to his lack of lands when he was young.

Charles father Louis the Pious was King of Aquitaine, Emperor of Rome and King of the Franks. Although Charles was his youngest son, Louis named him his heir in 837. Charles would spend most of his life in a power struggle with his older brothers over the lands conquered by their grandfather. Charles older brother Pepin died in 838 and Charles was made King of Aquitaine. His father Louis the Pious died in 840 and war erupted between his sons. Oldest son Lothair consolidated control of Middle Francia and became Emperor of Rome. Charles allied with his brother Louis against their older brother. Louis became King of East Francia (King of Germany) and Charles King of West Francia (King of France)
After the death of his brother Lothair and then his brothers son Emperor Louis II, Charles traveled to Rome and was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope John VIII on December 25, 875.

Charles died on 6 October 877 in Brides-les-Bains while crossing the pass of Mont Cenis. He was buried initially at the abbey of Nantua, Burgundy but a few years later, his remains were transferred to the Abbey of Saint-Denis where he had long wished to be buried.

Charles and Ermentrude had the following children:
-Judith (c.843–after 866), married first King Ethelwulf of Wessex, second his son King Ethelbald, and third Baldwin I, Margrave of Flanders
-Louis the Stammerer (846–879)
-Charles the Child (847–866)
-Lothair the Lame (848–866), monk in 861, became Abbot of Saint-Germain
-Carloman (849–876)
-Rotrude (852–912), a nun, Abbess of Saint-Radegunde
-Ermentrud (854–877), a nun, Abbess of Hasnon
-Hildegarde (born 856, died young)
-Gisela (857–874)
-Godehilde (864–907)

The children of Charles and Richilde are:
-Rothilde (871–929), married Hugues, Count of Bourges and 2nd Roger, Count of Maine.
-Drogo (872–873)
-Pippin (873–874)
-a son (born and died 875)
-Charles (876–877)
------------------------------
“Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
“CHARLES II the Bald, King of Neustria, 838-840, King of the West Franks, 840-877, King of (western) Lorraine, 870-877, King of Italy, 875-877, Emperor, 875-877, son by his father's 2nd marriage, born at Frankfurt-am-Main 13 June 823. He married (1st) at Quierzy, Aisne 13 Dec. 842 ERMENTRUDE OF ORLÉANS, daughter of Eudes, Count of Orléans, by his wife, Engeltrude. She was born 27 Sept., about 830. They had six sons, Louis (II) [King of Neustria, King of Aquitaine, King of France], Charles [King of Aquitaine], Karlmann (or Carloman) [Abbot of St.-Germain of Auxerre], Lothair [Abbot of St.-Germain of Auxerre], Dreux, and Pépin, and four daughters, Judith, Hildegarde, Ermentrude [Abbess of Hasnon], and Gisela (or Gisele). His wife, Ermentrude, died 6 October 869. He married (2nd) 12 October 869, confirmed at Aix-la-Chapelle 22 Jan. 870 RICHILDE OF GORZE, daughter of Bivin, Count and Abbot of Gorze, by daughter of Boson l'Ancien, count in Italy. They had three children, including one son, Charles, and one daughter, Rothilde (wife of Rodgar [or Roger], Count of Maine). CHARLES II the Bald, Emperor, King of the West Franks, died at Brides-les-Bains (Savoie, Fr.) 6 October 877, and was buried at Nantua monastery, later at St. Denis. His widow, Richilde, living 910, and died before 3 Feb. 911.
Monumenta Germaniæ Historica SS XIII (1881): 219. (Annales Necrologici Prumienses [necrology of Prüm]: "Anno Domini inc. 877. Karolus, frater eius, Nonas Octob. feliciter obit.”) Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 5 (1898): 112 (seal of King Charles II dated A.D. 843 - Oval: bust of a youthful personage, in profile to the right, head crowned with laurel. Legend: + KAROLVS GRATIA DI REX.). Halphen Recueil d'Annales Angevines et Vendômoises (1903): 54-55 (Annales de Vendôme sub A.D. 877: "Karolus imperator obiit, id est Calvus, et filius ejus Hludowicus regnum recepit."). Brandenburg Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen (1935) III 15. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 1 (1980): 2 (sub Die Karolinger); 2 (1984): 1 (sub Kings of the West Franks). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): III.15, IV.39-IV.52. Online resource: http.//www.mittelalter-genealogie.de/mittelalter/koenige/frankenreich/karl_2_der_kahle_koenig_von_frankreich_877.html.”

Charles married d'Orléans, Queen Ermentrude on 13 Dec 842 in France. Ermentrude (daughter of d'Orléans, Count Eudes and de Fézensac, Engeltrude) was born on 27 Sep 823 in Orléans, Loiret, Centre, France; died on 6 Oct 869 in France; was buried after 6 Oct 869 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• House: Udalriching
• FSID: LQ5H-F6D

Notes:

Ermentrude of Orléans (27 September 823 – 6 October 869) was Queen of the Franks by her marriage to Charles the Bald, Holy Roman Emperor and King of West Francia. She was the daughter of Odo, Count of Orléans and his wife Engeltrude. The epithet 'of Orléans' is not contemporary.

She and Charles married in 842. Their children were:
- Judith of Flanders ,b c. 843, married King Æthelwulf of Wessex, King Æthelbald of Wessex, Baldwin I, Margrave of Flanders
- Louis the Stammerer (846–879)
- Charles the Child (847–866)
- Lothar the Lame (848–865), Abbot of Saint-Germain
- Carloman (849–876)
- Rotrud (852–912), Abbess of Saint-Radegunde
- Ermentrud (854–877), Abbess of Hasnon
- Hildegard (born 856, died a child)
- Gisela (857–874)
- Godehilde (864–907)

French Queen. Born the the daughter of Odo, Comte de Orléans and Ergetrude, at Orleans, Neustria, Loiret, France. She married Charles I of France in 842. The couple had at least nine children, including the future Louis II 'the Stammerer'. She reportedly was well known for her embroidery and had an interest in religious foundations. At least three of her children entered the church, rising to Abbott or Abbess for their respective orders. Additionaly, her husband gave her the Abbey of Chelles. The royal couple separated when the king had his brother-in-law executed for treason in 866, and she retired to a convent. Her name has also been recorded as Hirmentrude and Irmintrud.
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“Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
“CHARLES II the Bald, King of Neustria, 838-840, King of the West Franks, 840-877, King of (western) Lorraine, 870-877, King of Italy, 875-877, Emperor, 875-877, son by his father's 2nd marriage, born at Frankfurt-am-Main 13 June 823. He married (1st) at Quierzy, Aisne 13 Dec. 842 ERMENTRUDE OF ORLÉANS, daughter of Eudes, Count of Orléans, by his wife, Engeltrude. She was born 27 Sept., about 830. They had six sons, Louis (II) [King of Neustria, King of Aquitaine, King of France], Charles [King of Aquitaine], Karlmann (or Carloman) [Abbot of St.-Germain of Auxerre], Lothair [Abbot of St.-Germain of Auxerre], Dreux, and Pépin, and four daughters, Judith, Hildegarde, Ermentrude [Abbess of Hasnon], and Gisela (or Gisele). His wife, Ermentrude, died 6 October 869. He married (2nd) 12 October 869, confirmed at Aix-la-Chapelle 22 Jan. 870 RICHILDE OF GORZE, daughter of Bivin, Count and Abbot of Gorze, by daughter of Boson l'Ancien, count in Italy. They had three children, including one son, Charles, and one daughter, Rothilde (wife of Rodgar [or Roger], Count of Maine). CHARLES II the Bald, Emperor, King of the West Franks, died at Brides-les-Bains (Savoie, Fr.) 6 October 877, and was buried at Nantua monastery, later at St. Denis. His widow, Richilde, living 910, and died before 3 Feb. 911.

Monumenta Germaniæ Historica SS XIII (1881): 219. (Annales Necrologici Prumienses [necrology of Prüm]: "Anno Domini inc. 877. Karolus, frater eius, Nonas Octob. feliciter obit.”) Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 5 (1898): 112 (seal of King Charles II dated A.D. 843 - Oval: bust of a youthful personage, in profile to the right, head crowned with laurel. Legend: + KAROLVS GRATIA DI REX.). Halphen Recueil d'Annales Angevines et Vendômoises (1903): 54-55 (Annales de Vendôme sub A.D. 877: "Karolus imperator obiit, id est Calvus, et filius ejus Hludowicus regnum recepit."). Brandenburg Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen (1935) III 15. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 1 (1980): 2 (sub Die Karolinger); 2 (1984): 1 (sub Kings of the West Franks). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): III.15, IV.39-IV.52. Online resource: http.//www.mittelalter-genealogie.de/mittelalter/koenige/frankenreich/karl_2_der_kahle_koenig_von_frankreich_877.html.”

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: King of Italy
• House: Carloginian
• Nickname: The Pious
• FSID: LZT6-KB5
• Appointments / Titles: Between 781 and 814; King of Aquitaine
• Appointments / Titles: Between 814 and 840; Emperor of the West
• Appointments / Titles: Between 814 and 840; King of the Franks
• Residence: 19 Jun 840, Ingelheim am Rhein, Mainz-Bingen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany; Rheinhausen Hesse (house by the river); (present Rheinhessen)

Notes:

Louis the Pious (16 April 778–20 June 840), also called the Fair and the Debonaire, was the King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aquitaine from 781. As the only surviving son of Charlemagne and Hildegard, he became the sole ruler of the Franks after his father's death in 814, a position which he held until his death, save for the period 833–834, during which he was deposed.

Louis married firstly Ermengarde of Hesbaye in c. 794. Children:
1 Lothair (795–855), king of Middle Francia
2 Pepin (797–838), king of Aquitaine
3 Adelaide (b. c. 799)
4 Rotrude (b. 800)
5 Hildegard (or Matilda) (b. c. 802)
6 Louis the German (c. 806–876), king of East Francia

Louis married secondly Judith of Bavaria. Children:
1 Gisela, married Eberhard of Friuli
2 Charles the Bald, king of West Francia

By an unknown concubine (probably Theodelinde of Sens) [citation needed], he had two illegitimate children:
1 Arnulf of Sens
2 Alpais

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_the_Pious
Louis the Pious (778 – 20 June 840), also called the Fair, and the Debonair, was the King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aquitaine from 781. As the only surviving adult son of Charlemagne

Louis married of Bavaria, Judith in Feb 819. Judith (daughter of of Bavaria, Duke Welf I and of Sachsen, Heilwig) was born on 19 Feb 797 in Altdorf, Landshut, Bayern, Germany; died on 19 Apr 843 in Tours, Indre-et-Loire, Centre, France; was buried on 19 Apr 843 in Basilica of Saint Martin, Tours, Indre-et-Loire, Centre, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Duchess of Bavaria
• Appointments / Titles: Empress of The Roman Empire
• Appointments / Titles: Queen of The Franks
• House: Welf
• FSID: LZT6-KBL

Notes:

Judith of Bavaria was the daughter of Count Welf of Bavaria and Saxon noblewoman, Hedwig. She was born about 797 in Alamannia. Her birth date is based upon the fact that she was 22 years old in December 819 when she became the second wife of Louis the Pious, Carolingian emperor and king of the Franks. Upon her marriage she became Queen of the Franks and Empress of the Romans. Judith and Louis had two children:
- Gisela, b. 820 married Eberhard of Friuli
- Charles the Bald, b. 13 June 823

In 830 while Emperor Louis was campaigning in Brittany, his sons from his first marriage moved to overthrow him. They removed their step-mother Judith from the throne, placed her in the convent of St Radegund at Poitiers, made accusations against her and tried for her 'crimes'. No one could be found to actually file charges against her, however, and she was purged of her charges. Even so she was exiled to Tortona in Italy. Louis attempted to prevent the revolt against him but was captured in 833 and held captive by his sons in Aachen. While he was imprisoned an attempted to murder Judith was prevented. Louis was restored to his throne in 834, with Judith by his side. Louis died in Ingelheim in 840. The widowed Empress supported her son Charles in his military campaigns and saw him crowned in 841. After Charles' marriage, Judith was forced into retirement, her health began to fail in 842 and she died on 19 April 843 in Tours, at about the age of 45. She was buried at the Basilica of Saint Martin, Tours. Her son Charles' first child born in 844 was a daughter, which he named Judith after his mother.
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“Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):

“LOUIS the Pious, King of Aquitaine, 781-813, Joint emperor, Emperor, 813-814, 834-840, legitimate son, born at Chasseneuil-du-Poitou in Aquitaine in 778, between 16 April and September. He married (1st) about 794 ERMENGARDE OF HASPENGAU, daughter of Ingram, Count of Haspengau. They had Lothair (I) [King of Bavaria, joint Emperor, Emperor], Pépin (or Pippin) (I) [King of Aquitaine], and Ludwig (II) [King of Bavaria, King of the Eastern Franks], and two daughters, Rotrude and Hildegarde. His wife, Ermengarde, died 3 October 818. He married (2nd) in February 819 JUDITH, daughter of Welf I, Count of Altorf, by his wife, Eigilwi (or Heilwich). She was born about 805. They had one son, Charles the Bald [King of the Western Franks, Emperor], and one daughter, Gisela (wife of Eberhard, Margrave of Friuli). By an unknown mistress, he also had one illegitimate son, Arnulf. LOUIS the Pious (or LUDWIG der Fromme) died on an island in the Rhine near Ingelheim 20 June 840, and was buried in the church of the abbey of Saint Arnoul at Metz. His widow, Judith, died at Tours 19 April 843.

Viollet Prières et Fragments religieux (1870): 47-63. Monumenta Germaniæ Historica SS XIII (1881): 219. (Annales Necrologici Prumienses [necrology of Prüm]: "Anno 840. Ludvicus imperator 12 Kal. Iulii diem obiit."). Monumenta Germaniæ Historica (Necrologia Germaniæ 1) (1888): 275 (Necrologium Augiæ Divitis: "XIII kal. May [19 April] - Judit regina"), 277 (Necrologium Augiæ Divitis: "XI kal. July [21 June] - Hludowicus imperator augustus") Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 5 (1898): 112 (seal of Emperor Louis I dated A.D. 816 - Oval: a bust, in profile to the right, crowned with laurel. Legend: + XPE PROTEGE HLVDOVVICVM IMPERATORE.), 112 (undated seal of Emperor Louis I - Oval: bust in profile to the right, crowned with laurel. The drapery fastened on the right shoulder with a button. Legend: + XPE PROTEGE HLVDOVVICVM IMPERATORE.). Halphen Recueil d'Annales Angevines et Vendômoises (1903): 53 (Annales de Vendôme sub A.D 840: "Hludowicus imperator moritur."). Brandenburg Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen (1935) II 6. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 1 (1980): 2 (sub Die Karolinger); 3(4) (1989): 736 (sub Welfen). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): II.5, III.9-III.15. Settipani & von Kerrebrouck La Préhistoire des Capetians (1993).
Children of Louis I (or Ludwig I), by Ermengarde of Haspengau:
i. LOTHAIR, King of Bavaria, King of Italy, Emperor, married ERMENGARDE OF TOURS [see Line C, Gen. 3].
Children of Louis I (or Ludwig I), by Judith of Altorf:
i. CHARLES II the Bald, King of Neustria, King of the West Franks, King of Italy, Emperor [see next].
ii. GISELA, married EBERHARD, Margrave of Friuli [see Line D, Gen. 3 below].”

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Count of Orléans
• Nickname: Odo I
• FSID: LYNB-3JZ

Notes:

Also know as: Odo I, Count of Orléans

Odo I (French: Eudes; also Hodo, Uodo, or Udo in contemporary Latin; died 25 May 834) was the Count of Orléans (comes Aurelianensium) following the final deposition of Matfrid until his own deposition a few years later.

He belonged to the Udalriching family and was a son of Adrian,[1] who had also held the county of Orléans, and possibly of Waldrada, a Nibelungid. Odo first appears as an imperial legate to the Eastern Saxons in 810, when he was captured by the Wilzi. In 811, as count (comes), according to the Annales Fuldenses, he signed a peace treaty with the Vikings.

According to the Vita Hludowici, in 827, he was named to replace the deposed Matfrid in Orléans. Odo, along with Heribert, a relative, possibly his cousin, were exiled in April 830 by Lothair I and Orléans confiscated. Matfrid was reinstated.

In 834, while fighting Matfrid and Lambert I of Nantes, partisans of Lothair, Odo was killed as were his brothers William, Guy of Maine, and Theodo, abbot of Saint Martin of Tours.

Odo's wife was Engeltrude de Fézensac.[2] Their eldest daughter, Ermentrude, married Charles the Bald of West Francia. He left a son William who was executed by his own brother-in-law in 866.

Eudes married de Fézensac, Engeltrude. Engeltrude was born in 799; died in 853. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: MVLP-YQQ

Other Events and Attributes:

• House: House of Carolingians
• FSID: LZ62-TSV
• Appointments / Titles: Between 768 and 814; King of the Franks
• Military: 1 Jul 772; The Saxons resisted and the war lasted about 30 years conquered pagan Saxony
• Appointments / Titles: 774; King of the Lombards
• Military: Oct 782, Verdun, Meuse, Lorraine, France; the campaign against the Saxons to his east lead to the Massacre of Verden
• Appointments / Titles: Between 800 and 814; Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire

Notes:

Charlemagne, also Charles I, Charles the Great, Carolus Magus, Charles le Grand and Karl de Grosse
Originally he was named Charles, after his Frankish grandfather Charles Martel, it was not until much later that historians began calling him Charles the Great or Charles le Magne which evolved into Charlemagne.
Charlemagne was the oldest son of Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon, born before their canonical marriage, on 2 April 742, most likely at Aachen. Charlemagne was technically an illegitimate child, since he was born out of wedlock; Pepin and Bertrada were bound by a private contract or Friedelehe at the time of his birth, but did not marry until 744.
He became king in 768 following his father's death, initially as co-ruler with his brother Carloman I. Carloman's sudden death in December 771 under unexplained circumstances left Charlemagne the sole ruler of the Frankish Kingdom. He continued his father's policy towards the papacy and became its protector, removing the Lombards from power in northern Italy and leading an incursion into Muslim Spain.

Charles I, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Emperor of the Romans from 800. During the Early Middle Ages, he united the majority of western and central Europe. He was the first recognized emperor to rule from western Europe since the fall of the Western Roman Empire three centuries earlier. The expanded Frankish state that Charlemagne founded is called the Carolingian Empire. He was later canonized by Antipope Paschal III.

In his role as a zealous defender of Christianity, Charlemagne gave money and land to the Christian church and protected the popes. As a way to acknowledge Charlemagne’s power and reinforce his relationship with the church, Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne emperor of the Romans on December 25, 800, at St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome.

As emperor, Charlemagne proved to be a talented diplomat and able administrator of the vast area he controlled. He promoted education and encouraged the Carolingian Renaissance, a period of renewed emphasis on scholarship and culture. He instituted economic and religious reforms, and was a driving force behind the Carolingian miniscule, a standardized form of writing that later became a basis for modern European printed alphabets. Charlemagne ruled from a number of cities and palaces, but spent significant time in Aachen. His palace there included a school, for which he recruited the best teachers in the land.

In addition to learning, Charlemagne was interested in athletic pursuits. Known to be highly energetic, he enjoyed hunting, horseback riding and swimming. Aachen held particular appeal for him due to its therapeutic warm springs.

Charlemagne had eighteen children with eight of his ten known wives or concubines. Nonetheless, he had only four legitimate grandsons, the four sons of his fourth son, Louis. In addition, he had a grandson (Bernard of Italy, the only son of his third son, Pepin of Italy), who was illegitimate but included in the line of inheritance. Among his descendants are several royal dynasties, including the Habsburg, Capetian and Plantagenet dynasties. By consequence, most if not all established European noble families ever since can genealogically trace some of their background to Charlemagne.

In 813, Charlemagne called Louis the Pious, king of Aquitaine, his only surviving legitimate son, to his court. There Charlemagne crowned his son as co-emperor and sent him back to Aquitaine. He then spent the autumn hunting before returning to Aachen on 1 November. In January, he fell ill with pleurisy and on 28 January 814 Charlemagne died, in the seventy-second year of his age and the forty-seventh of his reign.He was buried that same day, in Aachen Cathedral.
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I have included the 'Royal Ancestry" information below in cooperation with other members here, but would like to point out it is not the ONLY or even the best source of information on Charlemagne. Most of the information found in it originally came from "Vita Karoli Magni" written by Eginhard, who was Charlemagne's own court biographer and actually knew, and lived among, Charlemagne's family.
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“Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
“CHARLEMAGNE, King of the Franks, 768-814, King of the Langobards, 773-814, Emperor of the Romans, 800-814, son of Pépin (nicknamed "le Bref”), King of the Franks, by Bertrade, daughter of Charibert, Count of Laon. On the death of his father in 768, he became King of the Franks jointly with his brother, Carloman, and was crowned 9 October 768 at Noyon. He married (1st c.769-770, daughter of Desiderius, king of the Lombards. They had no issue. He married (2nd) before 30 April 771 HILDEGARDE, daughter of Gerold I, Count in Vinzgau, by Imma (or Emma), daughter of Count Nebi (or Hnabi). They had four sons, Charles, Pépin [King of Italy], Louis (I) [King of Aquitaine, Emperor], and Lothair, and five daughters, Adelaide (or Adelheid), Rotrude, Berthe, Gisele, and Hildegarde. On the death of his brother, Carloman, in 771, he reunited his father's possessions. He conquered the kingdom of the Lombards in 773. He used the title "rex Francorum et Langobardorum" from 5 June 774, adding "atque patricius Romanorum" from 16 July 774. His wife, Hildegarde, died at Thionville (Moselle) 30 April 783, and was buried in the church of the abbey of Saint Arnoul at Metz. He married (3rd) at Worms in October 783 FASTRADA, daughter of Radulf, Count in Franconia. They had two daughters, Theodrade [Abbess of Argenteuil] and Hiltrude. His wife, Fastrada, died at Frankfurt 10 August 794, and was buried in the basilica of Saint-Alban in Mainz. He married (4th) c.794-796 LIUTGARDE, an Alamannian. They had no issue. By various mistresses, he had four illegitimate sons, Pépin, Dreux [Bishop of Metz], Hugues, and Thierry (or Theodoric), and three illegitimate daughters, Chrothais, Rothlldis (or Rouhaut) [Abbess at Faremoutiers], and Adaltrude. His wife, Liutgarde, died at Tours 4 June 800, and was buried in the church of Saint-Martin in Tours. He was crowned Emperor of the Romans at St. Peter's, Rome 25 December 800. CHARLEMAGNE, Emperor of the Romans, died at Aachen 28 January 814, and was buried at Aix-la-Chapelle.
Guerard Cartulaire de l’Abbeye de Saint-Berlin (Coll. des Cartulaires de France 3) (1840): 55-56 (Chartulatium Sithiense, Pars Prima, Folquini Lib. I.). Henaux Charlemagne d'après les Traditions liégeoises (1878). Eginhard Life of Charlemagne (1880). Monumenta Germaniæ Historica SS XIII (1881): 219. (Annales Necrologici Prumienses [necrology of Prüm]: "Anno Domini incarn. 814. Karolus imperator 5 Kal. Feb. [28 Jan.] feliciter diem ultimum clausit, anno etatis suae circiter 71."). Cutts Charlemagne (1882). Monumenta Germaniæ Historica (Necrologia Germaniæ 1) (1888): 273 (Necrologium Augiæ Divitis: kat Ianuarius [28 January] - Karolus imperator."). Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 5 (1898): 111 (seal of Charlemagne dated A.D. 774- Oval: impression from an oval intaglio engraved stone. A bust, draped, turned to the right in profile. Legend: + XPE PROTEGE CAROLVM REGE FRANC.), 111 (seal of Charlemagne dated A.D. 812 - Oval: impression of an antique oval intaglio gem. Bust of Jupiter Serapis, with the modius on his head, in profile to the left. No legend.). Hodgkin Life of Charlemagne (1902). Halphen Recueil d'Annales Angevines et Vendômoises (1903): 52 (Annales de Vendôme sub A.D. 814: "Inclitus imperator Karolus migravit ad Christum feliciter, amen, v kalendas feburarii [28 January]."). Russell Charlemagne, First of the Moderns (1930). Scholz & Rogers Carolingian Chronicles: Royal Frankish Annals & Nithard's Histories (1970): 61 (Royal Frankish Annals sub A.D. 783: "The worthy Lady Queen Hildegard died on April 30, which fell that year on the eve of the Ascension of the Lord."). Banfield Charlemagne (1986). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): I, II.1-II.18. Settipani & von Kerrebrouck La Préhistoire des Capetians (1993). Collins Charlemagne (1998). Becher Charlemagne (2003). Bhote Charlemagne: The Life & Times of an Early Medieval Emperor (2005). Story Charlemagne: Empire & Society (2005). Wilson Charlemagne: A Biography (2005). Einhard and Notker the Stammerer Two Lives of Charlemagne (2008). McKitterick Charlemagne: The Formation of a European Identity (2008).
Children of Charlemagne, by Hildegarde:
i. PÉPIN (or PIPPIN), King of Italy [see next].
ii. LOUIS, King of Aquitaine, Emperor, married (1st) ERMENGARDE OF HASPENGAU; (2nd) JUDITH OF ALTORF [see Line B, Gen. 2 below].”

Charlemagne married von Vinzgau, Hildegard in 771. Hildegard (daughter of of Kraichgau, Gérold I and of Alemannia, Imma) was born on 2 Apr 757 in Aachen, Aachen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany; was christened on 2 Apr 757 in Kingdom of the Franks; died on 30 Apr 783 in Thionville, Moselle, Lorraine, France; was buried on 1 May 783 in Metz, Moselle, Lorraine, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Empress of the West
• Appointments / Titles: Princess of Swabia
• Appointments / Titles: Queen of the Franks
• FSID: L4BH-JYR

Notes:

Hildegard of the Vinzgau was the daughter of Count Gerold of Kraichgau (founder of the Udalriching family) and his wife Emma (who was the daughter of Duke Nebe (Hnabi) of Alemannia and Hereswintha vom Bodensee of Lake Constance). She was born about 757 in Ravensburg, Kraichgau, the only daughter of the family, she had four brothers.

In 771, at the age of 12 or 12, Hildegard married Charlemagne, becoming his 2nd wife. They had a close marriage. Hildegard often accompanied him on military campaigns and traveling for state occasions. In the 12 years of their marriage Hildegarde had 8 pregnancies resulting in 9 children:
- Charles the Younger b.c. 772, Duke of Maine, King of the Franks
- Adalhaid (774), who was born whilst her parents were on campaign in Italy. She was sent back to Francia, but died before reaching Lyons
- Rotrude (or Hruodrud) (775–6 June 810)
- Carloman, renamed Pepin b. 777, King of Italy
- Louis (778–20 June 840), twin of Lothair, King of Aquitaine, King of the Franks/co-emperor in 813, senior Emperor from 814
- Lothair (778–6 February 779/780), twin of Louis, died in infancy
- Bertha (779–826)
- Gisela (781–808)
- Hildegarde (782–783)

Hildegard died on 30 April 783, from the after effects of her last childbirth. She was buried the following day (1 May 783) in the Abbey of Saint-Arnould in Metz. The child, named Hildegarde after her mother, died in 783 also. Even Pope Adrian I expressed condolences to Charlemagne upon hearing of her death.
At Charlemagne's request candles were burned near her grave and prayers said daily for her soul.

Hildegarde was well respected during her lifetime, she was a friend of Saint Leoba, and although never canonized herself was regarded locally as a saint throughout the Middle Ages, often depicted with an aureola.
She traveled often with Charlemagne and the children and was in Rome with them in 780 when Carloman (Pepin) and Louis were made kings. When not traveling with her husband, Hildegard ruled the court in his absence.

******

•
Note
“Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
“CHARLEMAGNE, King of the Franks, 768-814, King of the Langobards, 773-814, Emperor of the Romans, 800-814, son of Pépin (nicknamed "le Bref”), King of the Franks, by Bertrade, daughter of Charibert, Count of Laon. On the death of his father in 768, he became King of the Franks jointly with his brother, Carloman, and was crowned 9 October 768 at Noyon. He married (1st c.769-770, daughter of Desiderius, king of the Lombards. They had no issue. He married (2nd) before 30 April 771 HILDEGARDE, daughter of Gerold I, Count in Vinzgau, by Imma (or Emma), daughter of Count Nebi (or Hnabi). They had four sons, Charles, Pépin [King of Italy], Louis (I) [King of Aquitaine, Emperor], and Lothair, and five daughters, Adelaide (or Adelheid), Rotrude, Berthe, Gisele, and Hildegarde. On the death of his brother, Carloman, in 771, he reunited his father's possessions. He conquered the kingdom of the Lombards in 773. He used the title "rex Francorum et Langobardorum" from 5 June 774, adding "atque patricius Romanorum" from 16 July 774. His wife, Hildegarde, died at Thionville (Moselle) 30 April 783, and was buried in the church of the abbey of Saint Arnoul at Metz. He married (3rd) at Worms in October 783 FASTRADA, daughter of Radulf, Count in Franconia. They had two daughters, Theodrade [Abbess of Argenteuil] and Hiltrude. His wife, Fastrada, died at Frankfurt 10 August 794, and was buried in the basilica of Saint-Alban in Mainz. He married (4th) c.794-796 LIUTGARDE, an Alamannian. They had no issue. By various mistresses, he had four illegitimate sons, Pépin, Dreux [Bishop of Metz], Hugues, and Thierry (or Theodoric), and three illegitimate daughters, Chrothais, Rothlldis (or Rouhaut) [Abbess at Faremoutiers], and Adaltrude. His wife, Liutgarde, died at Tours 4 June 800, and was buried in the church of Saint-Martin in Tours. He was crowned Emperor of the Romans at St. Peter's, Rome 25 December 800. CHARLEMAGNE, Emperor of the Romans, died at Aachen 28 January 814, and was buried at Aix-la-Chapelle.
Guerard Cartulaire de l’Abbeye de Saint-Berlin (Coll. des Cartulaires de France 3) (1840): 55-56 (Chartulatium Sithiense, Pars Prima, Folquini Lib. I.). Henaux Charlemagne d'après les Traditions liégeoises (1878). Eginhard Life of Charlemagne (1880). Monumenta Germaniæ Historica SS XIII (1881): 219. (Annales Necrologici Prumienses [necrology of Prüm]: "Anno Domini incarn. 814. Karolus imperator 5 Kal. Feb. [28 Jan.] feliciter diem ultimum clausit, anno etatis suae circiter 71."). Cutts Charlemagne (1882). Monumenta Germaniæ Historica (Necrologia Germaniæ 1) (1888): 273 (Necrologium Augiæ Divitis: kat Ianuarius [28 January] - Karolus imperator."). Birch Cat. Seals in the British Museum 5 (1898): 111 (seal of Charlemagne dated A.D. 774- Oval: impression from an oval intaglio engraved stone. A bust, draped, turned to the right in profile. Legend: + XPE PROTEGE CAROLVM REGE FRANC.), 111 (seal of Charlemagne dated A.D. 812 - Oval: impression of an antique oval intaglio gem. Bust of Jupiter Serapis, with the modius on his head, in profile to the left. No legend.). Hodgkin Life of Charlemagne (1902). Halphen Recueil d'Annales Angevines et Vendômoises (1903): 52 (Annales de Vendôme sub A.D. 814: "Inclitus imperator Karolus migravit ad Christum feliciter, amen, v kalendas feburarii [28 January]."). Russell Charlemagne, First of the Moderns (1930). Scholz & Rogers Carolingian Chronicles: Royal Frankish Annals & Nithard's Histories (1970): 61 (Royal Frankish Annals sub A.D. 783: "The worthy Lady Queen Hildegard died on April 30, which fell that year on the eve of the Ascension of the Lord."). Banfield Charlemagne (1986). Winter Descs. of Charlemagne (800-1400) (1987): I, II.1-II.18. Settipani & von Kerrebrouck La Préhistoire des Capetians (1993). Collins Charlemagne (1998). Becher Charlemagne (2003). Bhote Charlemagne: The Life & Times of an Early Medieval Emperor (2005). Story Charlemagne: Empire & Society (2005). Wilson Charlemagne: A Biography (2005). Einhard and Notker the Stammerer Two Lives of Charlemagne (2008). McKitterick Charlemagne: The Formation of a European Identity (2008).
Children of Charlemagne, by Hildegarde:
i. PÉPIN (or PIPPIN), King of Italy [see next].
ii. LOUIS, King of Aquitaine, Emperor, married (1st) ERMENGARDE OF HASPENGAU; (2nd) JUDITH OF ALTORF [see Line B, Gen. 2 below].”

Hildegard (wife of Charlemagne)

Hildegard (* approx. 758; † April 30, 783 in Diedenhofen an der Mosel) was the third wife of Charlemagne and mother of Ludwig the Pious. Little information can be found about her life, because like all of Karl's wives she was in the political background and was only mentioned in relation to her wedding, her death and as a mother

She was the daughter of the Frankish Count Gerold from the Geroldon family and Imma, daughter of the Alemannic Count Hnabi and Hereswintha from Lake Constance. Her father owned extensive possessions in the territory of Karl's younger brother Karlmann, which makes this marriage one of Karl's most important long-term relationships, as he was able to strengthen his position in the areas east of the Rhine and bind the Alemannic nobility to himself. Among the Hildegard siblings, the adviser of Charlemagne stands out, the military leader Gerold the Younger, who was also mentioned as Count in der Baar and in Nagoldgau

Since Hildegard's exact dates of birth are not available, it can be assumed that she was between 12 and 14 years old at the time. A marriage at this age was not unusual at the time, as the marriageable age was fixed at sexual maturity. In Roman law, which was widely accepted by the church, the minimum age for marriage for girls was set at 12 years

Hildegard died on April 30th, 783 shortly after the birth of her last daughter and was buried on May 1st in the Abbey of Sankt Arnulf in Metz. It was Karl's wish that candles should always be lit on her grave and that prayers should be said for the deceased every day

Although Karl already had a son by his first wife, in the will of 806 (Divisio Regnorum) the empire was divided among the three sons of Hildegard who reached adulthood. Because her son Ludwig the Pious succeeded Karl as emperor, Hildegard was called the "mother of kings and emperors"

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlemagne#Wives,_concubines,_and_children

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Count of Altorf
• FSID: 9W4D-4YP

Notes:

Welf (father of Judith)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. (July 2020)
Welf I

Depiction in the Historia Welforum, about 1170
Born c. 776
Hall of Ramida
Died c. 825
Noble family Elder House of Welf
Spouse(s) Hedwig of Saxony
Details...Issue
Judith, Holy Roman Empress and Queen of the Franks
Conrad I, Count of Auxerre
Rudolph, Count of Ponthieu
Hemma, Queen of East Francia
Welf I (or Hwelf; died about 825) is the first documented ancestor of the Elder House of Welf. He is mentioned as a count (comes) in the Frankish lands of Bavaria.

Life
Welf originated from a distinguished dynasty of Franconian nobles. He is mentioned only once: on the occasion of the wedding of his daughter Judith to Emperor Louis the Pious in 819 at Aachen. His son Conrad later appeared as a dux (duke) in Alamannia and achieved a powerful position in the Upper Swabian estates he possibly had inherited from his mother Hedwig.

His family became politically powerful when Louis the Pious chose Welf's oldest daughter as his second wife upon the death of his consort Ermengarde of Hesbaye. Though Welf himself never became publicly prominent, his family became interwoven with the Carolingian dynasty.

Marriage and issue
Welf married Hedwig (Heilwig),[1] daughter of the Saxon count Isambart; Hedwig later became abbess of Chelles. The couple had the following children:

Judith of Bavaria (c. 797–843); married Louis the Pious,[1] who was King of the Franks and co-emperor of the Holy Roman Empire with his father, Charlemagne.
Conrad (c. 800–864), Count of Auxerre;[1] ancestor of the Welf kings of Burgundy.
Rudolph (c. 802–866),[1] Count of Ponthieu.
Hemma (c. 803–876); married King Louis the German,[1] King of East Francia and son of Louis the Pious.

Welf married of Sachsen, Heilwig in 799 in Bayern, Germany. Heilwig (daughter of of Altdorf, Isembart and of Altdorf, Ermentrude) was born in 778 in Germany; died on 19 Apr 843 in Bayern, Germany; was buried after 19 Apr 843 in Bayern, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: 9HXY-TD8