Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: LD9C-ZGZ

Notes:

Parents not known - see English text below:

Poppa of Bayeux (born circa 880), was the Christian wife or mistress (perhaps more danico) of the Viking conqueror Rollo. She was the mother of William I Longsword, Gerloc and grandmother of Richard the Fearless, who forged the Duchy of Normandy into a great fief of medieval France. Dudo of Saint-Quentin, in his panegyric of the Norman dukes, describes her as the daughter of a "Count Berengar", the dominant prince of that region, who was captured at Bayeux by Rollo in 885 or 889, shortly after the siege of Paris. This has led to speculation that she was the daughter of Berengar II of Neustria.

There are different opinions among medieval genealogy experts about Poppa's family. Christian Settipani says her parents were Guy de Senlis and Cunegundis, the daughter of Pepin, Count of Vermandois, and sister of Herbert I, Count of Vermandois. Katherine Keats-Rohan states she was the daughter of Berengar II of Neustria by Adelind, whose father was Henry, Margrave of the Franks, or Adela of Vermandois. Despite the uncertainty of her parentage, she undoubtedly was a member of the Frankish aristocracy. A statue of Poppa stands at the Place de Gaulle in Bayeux.

Translated and written a.o. from:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poppa_of_Bayeux
Cited 16 January 2012 (Article Creation Date.)
Cited 20 January 2012 (English Version Creation Date.)

_________________________________________

Poppa of Bayeux (born c. 880 AD), was the daughter of Berenger, Count of Bayeau.

She was captured in a raid, and ended up in a common law marriage with the Viking Rollo.
She was the Christian wife or mistress of the Viking conqueror Rollo, who became the first ruler of the fiefdom of Normandy.

She was the mother of William I Longsword, Gerloc and grandmother of Richard the Fearless, who forged the Duchy of Normandy

In 911, the fiefdom of Normandy was created, confirmed by treaty between King Charles III of France and the Viking jarl (that is, prince) Rollo.

According to Luc De Boever, who authored the book “The Montgomerys from the Vikings to Our Present Day” (pg 11):
“The King of France, Charles the Simple, thought it easier to give to Viking Chief Rollo a part of Nuestria which in fact the latter had already conquered. The Archbishop of Rouen organized a meeting between Rollo and the King of France, Charles the Simple, at the Saint-Clair-sur-Epte in the autumn of 911. The two leaders drew up a treaty which satisfied both. Rollo could at last stop the fighting and start organizing his lands. Charles the Simple hoped thus to no longer have anything to fear from the one who is going to stop any new Vikings arriving through the Seine valley. Moreover, Rollo had agreed to support the King of France when in need.

“Rollo agreed to be baptized and to marry Gisele, the King’s daughter; for this to be possible Rollo had to give up his mistress Poppa. Gisele was very young and died before the marriage was consummated. Rollo could thus return to Poppa, and marry her.

“Once baptized, Rollo gained the support of the Church. He became subdued and ruled his territory from Rouen.”

"In a few years, from 911 to 930. Rollo established the foundations of his territory on a solid and lasting footing in Upper Normandy. His marriage with Poppa, daughter of Berenger, Count of Bayeau, underlined both his willingness to integrate into a noble French lineage and his decision to settle indefinitely in the conquered land and, undoubtedly, his intentions to to expand his territory over the whole of Lower Normandy."
by wendylouiserussell1

Poppa married Rognvaldsson, Earl Rollo in 886 in France. Rollo (son of Eysteinsson, Rǫgnvaldr and Rolfsdottir, Hilda) was born in 846 in Myr, Nord-Trondelag, Norway; was christened in 912 in Cathédral Notre-Dame de Rouen, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France; died on 17 Dec 932 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France; was buried on 22 Dec 932 in Cathédral Notre-Dame de Rouen, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Nickname: Longsword
• Occupation: Peerage of Normandy

Notes:

William I Longsword
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
William I "Longsword"
William longsword statue in falaise.JPG
Statue of William Longsword, part of the "Six Dukes of Normandy" series in Falaise
Count of Rouen
Reign 927–942
Predecessor Rollo
Successor Richard I
Born c. 893
Bayeux or Rouen
Died 17 December 942
Picquigny on the Somme
Burial Rouen Cathedral
Spouse Luitgarde of Vermandois
Issue Richard I of Normandy
House House of Normandy
Father Rollo
Mother Poppa
William Longsword (French: Guillaume Longue-Épée, Latin: Willermus Longa Spata, Old Norse: Vilhjálmr Langaspjót), (c. 893 – 17 December 942) was the second ruler of Normandy, from 927 until his assassination in 942.

He is sometimes anachronistically dubbed "Duke of Normandy", even though the title duke (dux) did not come into common usage until the 11th century. Longsword was known at the time by the title Count (Latin comes) of Rouen. Flodoard—always detailed about titles—consistently referred to both Rollo and his son William as principes (chieftains) of the Norse.

Contents

[hide]
1 Birth
2 Life
3 Family
4 Notes
5 References
6 External links
Birth

William Longsword was born "overseas"[a] to the Viking Rollo (while he was still a pagan) and his Christian wife Poppa of Bayeux. Dudo of Saint-Quentin in his panegyric of the Norman dukes describes Poppa as the daughter of a Count Beranger, the dominant prince of that region. In the 11th century Annales Rouennaises (Annals of Rouen), she is called the daughter of Guy, Count of Senlis, otherwise unknown to history.[b] Despite the uncertainty of her parentage she was undoubtedly a member of the Frankish aristocracy. According to the Longsword's planctus, he was baptized a Christian probably at the same time as his father, which Orderic Vitalis stated was in 912, by Franco, Archbishop of Rouen.

Life

Longsword succeeded Rollo (who would continue to live for about another 5 years) in 927 and, early in his reign, faced a rebellion from Normans who felt he had become too Gallicised and too soft.[16] According to Orderic Vitalis, the leader was Riouf of Evreux,[16][17][18] who was besieging Longsword in Rouen. Sallying forth, Longsword won a decisive battle, proving his authority to be Duke.[19]:25-6 At the time of this 933 rebellion Longsword sent his pregnant wife by custom, Sprota, to Fécamp where their son Richard was born.[20]

In 933 Longsword recognized Raoul as King of Western Francia, who was struggling to assert his authority in Northern France. In turn Raoul gave him lordship over much of the lands of the Bretons including Avranches, the Cotentin Peninsula and the Channel Islands.[21][22][23]:lii The Bretons did not agree to these changes and resistance to the Normans was led by Alan Wrybeard, Duke of Brittany and Count Berenger of Rennes but ended shortly with great slaughter and Breton castles being razed to the ground.[19]:24 Alan fleeing to England and Beranger seeking reconciliation.[24]

In 935, Longsword married Luitgarde, daughter of Count Herbert II of Vermandois whose dowry gave him the lands of Longueville, Coudres and Illiers l'Eveque.[18] Longsword also contracted a marriage between his sister Adela (Gerloc was her Norse name) and William, Count of Poitou with the approval of Hugh the Great.[25] In addition to supporting King Raoul, he was now a loyal ally of his father-in-law, Herbert II, both of whom his father Rollo had opposed.[26] In January 936 King Raoul died and the 16 year old Louis IV, who was living in exile in England, was persuaded by a promise of loyalty by Longsword, to return and became King. The Bretons returned to recover the lands taken by the Normans, resulting in fighting in the expanded Norman lands.[23]:lii

The funerary monument of William Longsword in the cathedral of Rouen, France. The monument is from the 14th century.
The new King was not capable of controlling his Barons and after Longsword's brother in law, Herluin II, Count of Montreuil, was attacked by Flanders, Longsword went to their assistance in 939,[19]:28-9 Arnulf I, Count of Flanders retaliated by attacking Normandy. Arnulf captured the castle of Montreuil-sur-Mer expelling Herluin. Herluin and Longsword cooperated to retake the castle.[27][28] Longsword was excommunicated for his actions in attacking and destroying several estates belonging to Arnulf.[29]

Longsword pledged his loyalty to King Louis IV when they met in 940 and, in return, he was confirmed in lands that had been given to his father, Rollo.[30] [23]:liii In 941 a peace treaty was signed between the Bretons and Normans, brokered in Rouen by King Louis IV which limited the Norman expansion into Breton lands.[23]:liii The following year, on 17 December 942 at Picquigny on an island on the Somme, Longsword was ambushed and killed by followers of Arnulf while at a peace conference to settle their differences.[18][28] Longsword's son, Richard becoming the next Duke of Normandy.

Family

Longsword had no children with his wife Luitgarde.[31] He fathered his son, Richard the Fearless, with Sprota [c] who was a Breton captive and his concubine.[32] Richard, then aged 10, succeeded him as Duke of Normandy in December 942.[31]

Notes

Neveux and other authorities believe this may have been in England, as Rollo left Neustria for several years, probably for England. See: Neveux, P. 62; Complainte sur l'assassinat de Guillaume Longue-Ėpée, duc de Normandie, poème inédit du Xe siècle, Gaston Paris; Jules Lair, Bibliothèque de l'école des chartes (1870), Volume 31, Issue 31, p. 397; Complainte de la mort de Guillaume Longue Ėpėe; and Prentout, Etude critique sur Dudon de Saint-Quentin, 178-9 [ns].
See Commentary: The origin of Poppa at: Stewart Baldwin, The Henry Project: "Poppa" for more detailed discussion and opinions.
Sprota married Esperling, a rich miller in the Pont-de-l’Arche-Louviers region. By her, he had a son, Count Rodulf of Ivry, who was one of the most trusted advisers of his half-brother, Richard I of Normandy. See Searle, p. 108 and The Normans in Europe, p. 57

Family/Spouse: N.N., Sprota. Sprota was born in UNKNOWN in France; died in 985 in France; was buried in France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Duchess of Aquitaine
• House: House of Normandy
• FSID: LD9Y-CW9

Notes:

Wikipedia

Gerloc (or Geirlaug), baptised in Rouen as Adela (or Adèle) in 912, was the daughter of Rollo, of Normandy, Count of Rouen, and his wife, Poppa of Bayeux.[1] She was the sister of William I Longsword of Normandy.

In 935, she married William Towhead, the future Count of Poitou and Duke of Aquitaine. They had two children together before she died on 14 October 962:

1. William IV of Aquitaine
2. Adelaide of Aquitaine, wife of Hugh Capet.

Adèle married d'Aquitaine, WIlliam III on 1 Jan 935 in Lyons-la-Forêt, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. WIlliam (son of d'Aquitaine, Ebles II and du Poitou, Emilienne) was born on 22 Oct 915 in Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France; died on 3 Apr 963 in Saint-Maixent-l'École, Deux-Sèvres, Poitou-Charentes, France; was buried on 5 Apr 963 in Saint Cyprien, Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• House: House of Normandy
• Nickname: The Fearless
• FSID: 9HTX-2CD
• Occupation: Peerage of Normandy
• Appointments / Titles: Between 17 Dec 942 and 20 Nov 996, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France; Count of Rouen
• Appointments / Titles: Between 943 and 996, Normandy, France; 3rd Duke of Normandie

Notes:

Richard I of Normandy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Richard I "the Fearless"
Richard FitzWilliam
Count of Rouen
Reign 17 December 942 – 20 November 996
Predecessor William Longsword
Successor Richard II
Born 28 August 933
Fécamp Normandy, France
Died 20 November 996 (aged 63)
Fécamp Normandy, France
Spouse Emma of Paris
Gunnor
Issue Richard II of Normandy
Robert II (Archbishop of Rouen)
Mauger, Count of Corbeil
Robert Danus
Willam?
Emma of Normandy
Maud of Normandy
Hawise of Normandy
Geoffrey, Count of Eu (illegitimate)
William, Count of Eu (illegitimate)
Beatrice of Normandy (illegitimate)
Robert (illegitimate)
Papia (illegitimate)
House House of Normandy
Father William I Longsword
Mother Sprota
Richard I (28 August 933 – 20 November 996), also known as Richard the Fearless (French, Richard Sans-Peur)(Old Norse,"Jarl Richart) was the Count of Rouen or Jarl of Rouen from 942 to 996. Dudo of Saint-Quentin, whom Richard commissioned to write the "De moribus et actis primorum Normanniae ducum" (Latin, "On the Customs and Deeds of the First Dukes of Normandy"), called him a Dux. However, this use of the word may have been in the context of Richard's renowned leadership in war, and not as a reference to a title of nobility. Richard either introduced feudalism into Normandy or he greatly expanded it. By the end of his reign, most important Norman landholders held their lands in feudal tenure.

Contents

[hide]
1 Birth
2 Life
2.1 Relationships with France, England and the Church
3 Marriages
4 Illegitimate children
4.1 Possible children
5 Death
6 Depictions in fiction
7 Genealogy
8 Notes
9 References
10 External links
Birth

Richard was born to William Longsword, princeps (chieftain or ruler) of Normandy, and Sprota. His mother was a Breton concubine captured in war and bound to William by a more danico marriage. He was also the grandson of the famous Rollo. William was told of the birth of a son after the battle with Riouf and other Viking rebels, but his existence was kept secret until a few years later when William Longsword first met his son Richard. After kissing the boy and declaring him his heir, William sent Richard to be raised in Bayeux. Richard was about ten years old when his father was killed on 17 December 942. After William was killed, Sprota became the wife of Esperleng, a wealthy miller. Rodulf of Ivry was their son and Richard's half-brother.

Life

With the death of Richard's father in 942, King Louis IV of France installed the boy, Richard, in his father's office. Under the influence of Arnulf I, Count of Flanders the King took him into Frankish territory:32–4 and placing him in the custody of the count of Ponthieu before the King reneged and seized the lands of the Duchy of Normandy. He then split up the Duchy, giving its lands in lower Normandy to Hugh the Great. Louis IV thereafter kept Richard in close confinement at Lâon, but the youth escaped from imprisonment:36–7 with assistance of Osmond de Centville, Bernard de Senlis (who had been a companion of Rollo of Normandy), Ivo de Bellèsme, and Bernard the Dane (ancestor to the families of Harcourt and Beaumont).[a]

In 946, at the age of 14, Richard allied himself with the Norman and Viking leaders in France and with men sent by King Harold of Denmark. A battle was fought after which Louis IV was captured. Hostages were taken and held until King Louis recognised Richard as Duke, returning Normandy to him.:37–41 Richard agreed to "commend" himself to Hugh, the Count of Paris, Hugh resolved to form a permanent alliance with Richard and promised his daughter Emma, who was just a child, as a bride, the marriage would take place in 960.:41–2

Louis IV working with Arnulf I, Count of Flanders persuaded Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor to attack Richard and Hugh. The combined armies of Otto, Arnulf and Louis IV were driven from the gates of Rouen, fleeing to Amiens and being decisively defeated in 947.:41–2 A period of peace ensued, Louis IV dying in 954, 13 year old Lothair becoming King. The middle aged Hugh appointed Richard as guardian of his 15-year-old son, Hugh Capet in 955.:44

In 962, Theobald I, Count of Blois, attempted a renewed invasion of Rouen, Richard's stronghold, but his troops were summarily routed by Normans under Richard's command, and forced to retreat before ever having crossed the Seine river. Lothair, the king of the West Franks, was fearful that Richard's retaliation could destabilize a large part of West Francia so he stepped in to prevent any further war between the two.[16] In 987 Hugh Capet became King of the Franks.

For the last 30 years until his death in 996 in Fécamp, Richard concentrated on Normandy itself, and participated less in Frankish politics and its petty wars. In lieu of building up the Norman Empire by expansion, he stabilized the realm and reunited the Normans, forging the reclaimed Duchy of his father and grandfather into West Francia's most cohesive and formidable principality.[17]

Richard was succeeded in November 996 by his 33-year-old son, Richard II, Duke of Normandy.

Relationships with France, England and the Church

Richard used marriage to build strong alliances. His marriage to Emma of Paris connected him directly to the House of Capet. His second wife, Gunnora, from a rival Viking group in the Cotentin, formed an alliance to that group, while her sisters formed the core group that were to provide loyal followers to him and his successors.[18]

His daughters forged valuable marriage alliances with powerful neighboring counts as well as to the king of England.[18] Emma marrying firstly Æthelred the Unready and after his death in 1016, the invader, Cnut the Great. Her children included three English kings, Edward the Confessor, Alfred Aetheling and with Cnut, Harthacnut so completing a major link between the Duke of Normandy and the Crown of England that would add validity to the claim by the future William the Conqueror to the throne of England.

Richard also built on his relationship with the church, undertaking acts of piety,[19]:lv restoring their lands and ensuring the great monasteries flourished in Normandy. His further reign was marked by an extended period of peace and tranquility.[18][20]

Marriages

Richard & his children
His first marriage in 960 was to Emma, daughter of Hugh "The Great" of France,[21] and Hedwig von Sachsen.[21] They were betrothed when both were very young. She died after 19 March 968, with no issue.

According to Robert of Torigni, not long after Emma's death, Duke Richard went out hunting and stopped at the house of a local forester. He became enamored with the forester's wife, Seinfreda, but she was a virtuous woman and suggested he court her unmarried sister, Gunnor, instead. Gunnor became his mistress and her family rose to prominence. Her brother, Herefast de Crepon, may have been involved in a controversial heresy trial. Gunnor was, like Richard, of Viking descent, being a Dane by blood. Richard finally married her to legitimize their children:[b]

Richard II "the Good", Duke of Normandy
Robert, Archbishop of Rouen, Count of Evreux
Mauger, Count of Corbeil
Emma of Normandy, wife of two kings of England
Maud of Normandy, wife of Odo II of Blois, Count of Blois, Champagne and Chartres
Hawise of Normandy m. Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany
Papia of Normandy
Orielda (963-1031) wife of Fulk Seigneur de Guernanville, Dean of Evreax [22][23]
Illegitimate children

Richard was known to have had several other mistresses and had children with many of them. Known children are:

Geoffrey, Count of Eu[24]
William, Count of Eu (ca. 972-26 January 1057/58),[24] m. Lasceline de Turqueville (d. 26 January 1057/58).
Beatrice of Normandy, Abbess of Montvilliers d.1034 m. Ebles of Turenne (d.1030 (divorced)
Possible children

Muriella, married Tancred de Hauteville[25][26]
Fressenda or Fredesenda (ca. 995-ca. 1057), second wife of Tancred de Hauteville.[26][27]
Guimara (Wimarc(a)) (b. circa 986), Wife of Ansfred (Ansfroi) II "le Dane" le Goz, vicomte d'Exmes et de Falaise, Mother of Robert FitzWimarc, Death:Abbey of Montivilliers, Seine-Inferieure, Normandy[28]
Death

Richard died of natural causes in Fecamp, France, on 20 November 996.[29]

Depictions in fiction

The Little Duke, a Victorian Juvenile novel by Charlotte Mary Yonge is a fictionalized account of Richard's boyhood and early struggles.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married de Crepon, Gunnora in 964 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France. Gunnora (daughter of de Crepon, Herfast) was born on 26 Nov 936 in La Bataille, Deux-Sèvres, Poitou-Charentes, France; died on 29 Sep 1031 in Fécamp, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France; was buried in 1031 in Normandy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• House: Poitiers (by birth)
• House: Robertian (by marriage)
• FSID: M15L-V4Q
• Appointments / Titles: Between 987 and 996; Queen consort of The Franks

Notes:

Adelahide, Adele, or Adelaide of Aquitaine (also known as Adelaide of Poitiers; c. 945 or 952 – 1004),[1] was queen consort of France by marriage to Hugh Capet. Adelaide and Hugh were the founders of the Capetian dynasty of France, and Adelaide had some extent of influence over her husband's governance of France.

Adelaide was the daughter of William III, Duke of Aquitaine and Adele of Normandy, daughter of Rollo of Normandy. Her father used her as security for a truce with Hugh Capet, whom she married in 969.[2]

In 987, after the death of Louis V, the last Carolingian king of France, Hugh was elected the new king with Adelaide as queen. The couple were proclaimed as the new monarchs at Senlis and blessed at Noyon. As such, they had become the founders of the Capetian dynasty of France.[1] Apparently, Hugh trusted in Adelaide's judgement and allowed her to take part in government. He asked her to negotiate on his behalf with the regent of the Holy Roman Empire, Empress Theophanu, committing himself beforehand to any agreement they reached.[1]

Adelaide's son, Robert, came into conflict in the late 990's with Gerbert, the Archbishop of Reims. Gerbert took refuge with Otto III, Theophanu's son and the new Holy Roman Emperor, and Adelaide attempted to recall the former to Reims, but Gerbert resisted this command in a letter dated to the spring of 997.[3]

Adelaide and Hugh had at least three children that lived to adulthood:

Hedwig, Countess of Mons (or Hadevide, or Avoise) (c. 969–after 1013), wife of Reginar IV, Count of Mons
Robert II (972–1031), the future king of France. Crowned co-king in 987, in order to consolidate the new dynasty.
Gisèle, Countess of Ponthieu (c. 970–1002), wife of Hugh I, Count of Ponthieu.
A number of other daughters are less reliably attested.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adelaide_of_Aquitaine

Adélaïde married Capet, Hugues in 968 in Paris, Île-de-France, France. Hugues was born on 3 Jul 941 in Dourdan, Essonne, Île-de-France, France; was christened on 3 Jul 941 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France; died on 24 Oct 996 in Prasville, Eure-et-Loir, Centre, France; was buried on 24 Oct 996 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Eu, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France; Count
• Appointments / Titles: Count of Eu
• Appointments / Titles: Count of Hiémois
• Appointments / Titles: Count of Hiémois
• FSID: KFK5-ZL5

Notes:

Illegitimate son of Richard I, Duke of Normandy, was Count of Eu and Count of Hiemois. William succeeded his nephew, Gilbert, as Count of Eu and Hiemois after his murder in 1040.

William rebelled against his half-brother Richard II, Duke of Normandy, and was captured by Raoul d'Ivry and imprisoned by Turquetil of Harcourt, former governer of William the Conqueror. He escaped five years later, and eventually was pardoned by Richard and given leave to marry into the Harcourt Family.

The three mothers listed are various wording for the same mistress.

Family/Spouse: de Normandie, Lesceline. Lesceline (daughter of de Harcourt, Turquetil and de Montfort, Anceline) was born in 986 in Turqueville, Manche, Basse-Normandie, France; died on 26 Jan 1058 in Caen, Calvados, Basse-Normandie, France; was buried after 26 Jan 1058 in Saint-Pierre-sur-Dives, Calvados, Basse-Normandie, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• House: Normandy
• FSID: 28YJ-Z4N
• Religion: 989; Archbishop of Rouen
• Appointments / Titles: Between 996 and 1037; Count of Évreux

Notes:

Life
Robert was a son of Richard I, Duke of Normandy and his second wife, Gunnor.[1] He was a younger brother of duke Richard II and uncle of duke Robert I.[1] He had been appointed Archbishop of Rouen by his father c. 989–990 and had been given the countship of Évreux at the same time.[2] Robert was well aware he was destined for the church and seemingly accepted his role as both archbishop and count willingly.[3] But he had always been involved in Norman politics and was a powerful adherent of the Norman dukes.[4] Robert had proved himself a powerful ecclesiastical ally of his father, Richard I, as well as his brother, Richard II, and at the latter's death effectively became the senior male adviser to the ducal clan.[5] But his nephew Richard III had a turbulent and short reign of just over a year and when replaced by his brother Robert I, as Duke of Normandy, the prelate Robert had a great deal of trouble restraining the new duke.[6] In 1028 he found himself besieged and then banished by his young nephew.[6] Duke Robert I then besieged Hugh d'Ivry, Bishop of Bayeux who, along with Archbishop Robert had apparently questioned his authority as duke.[7] From exile in France, Archbishop Robert excommunicated his nephew Duke Robert and placed Normandy under an interdict.[7]

The Archbishop and Duke finally came to terms and to facilitate the lifting of the interdict and excommunication, Duke Robert restored the Archbishop to his see, to his countship of Evereux, and returned all his properties.[8] To further illustrate his change of heart towards the church, Duke Robert restored property that he or his vassals had confiscated, and by 1034 had returned all church properties including those taken from Fécamp Abbey.[8] By 1033 Duke Robert was mounting a major campaign against his double cousin Alan III, Duke of Brittany.[9] He and Alan had been raiding back and forth but finally a peace was negotiated between them by the returned Archbishop Robert, their mutual uncle.[9]

In his last years Robert, realizing his past mistakes, began giving freely to the poor and undertook to rebuild the cathedral church at Rouen.[10] In 1035 Duke Robert had decided on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem.[11] After making his illegitimate son William his heir and arranging for the archbishop to watch over and protect young William, Duke Robert set out on his pilgrimage never to return to Normandy.[11] Archbishop Robert fulfilled his promise and effectively ruled Normandy as regent for William[11] until Robert's death in 1037, which almost immediately caused an increase in lawlessness in Normandy.[12] His title of Archbishop of Rouen was succeeded by his nephew, Mauger.[13]

Orderic Vitalis relates of a richly illustrated great psalter given to Archbishop Robert by his sister Queen Emma, wife of king Æthelred.[14] In a catalog of books in the Cathedral of Rouen created during the twelfth century, a reference was found to a particular book, the Benedictionarius Roberti archiepiscopi, which was given to the church of Rouen by Archbishop Robert of Normandy.[b][15] Since that time it became the property of the city of Rouen, where it is preserved (No. 27) as the Benedictional of Æthelgar, possibly for the prayers it contained at the end for the coronation of the Anglo-Saxon kings and queens.[c][16]

Robert was the recipient of two epistolary poems from Warner of Rouen, who describes himself as the bishop's "servant" (famulus).[17]

Family
Robert married Herlevea,[1] and they had several children including the following:

Richard, Count of Évreux (d. 1067)[1]
Ralph d'Évreux, Seigneur of Gacé.[1] He married Basilla Flaitel, daughter of Gerard Flaitel. They had one son, Robert d'Évreux, who died without heirs. Basilla married secondly, Hugh de Gournay.[18]
William d'Évreux,[1][d][19] married Hawise de Échauffour, daughter of Giroie, Lord of Échauffour, and had a daughter, Judith d'Évreux, who married Roger I of Sicily.[20][e][21]

Robert married de Rouen, Herlève in 984 in Évreux, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. Herlève was born in 968 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France; died on 21 Feb 1034 in Évreux, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France; was buried after 21 Feb 1034 in Abbey of St Grestain, Grestain, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Nickname: The Good
• FSID: KDQW-JTJ
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1 Jan 996 and 28 Aug 1026, Normandy, France; 3rd Duke of Normandie

Notes:

Richard II, Duke of Normandy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Richard II "the Good"
Richard the Good as part of the "Six Dukes of Normandy" statue in the town square of Falaise.
Duke of Normandy
Reign 996–1026
Predecessor Richard I
Successor Richard III
Born 23 August 963
Normandy
Died 28 August 1026 (aged 63)
Normandy
Spouse Judith of Brittany
(unsure if married) Poppa of Envermeu
Issue Richard III of Normandy
Robert I of Normandy
and more.
House House of Normandy
Father Richard I, Duke of Normandy
Mother Gunnora, Duchess of Normandy
Richard II (23 August 963 – 28 August 1026), called the Good (French: Le Bon), was the eldest son and heir of Richard I the Fearless and Gunnora. He was a Norman nobleman of the House of Normandy.

Contents

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1 Life
2 Marriages and children
3 Genealogy
4 Notes
5 References
Life

Richard succeeded his father as Duke of Normandy in 996. During his minority, the first five years of his reign, his regent was Count Rodulf of Ivry, his uncle, who wielded the power and put down a peasant insurrection at the beginning of Richard's reign.

Richard had deep religious interests and found he had much in common with Robert II of France, who he helped militarily against the duchy of Burgundy. He forged a marriage alliance with Brittany by marrying his sister Hawise to Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany and by his own marriage to Geoffrey's sister, Judith of Brittany.

In 1000-1001, Richard repelled an English attack on the Cotentin Peninsula that was led by Ethelred II of England. Ethelred had given orders that Richard be captured, bound and brought to England. But the English had not been prepared for the rapid response of the Norman cavalry and were utterly defeated.

Richard attempted to improve relations with England through his sister Emma of Normandy's marriage to King Ethelred. This marriage was significant in that it later gave his grandson, William the Conqueror, the basis of his claim to the throne of England. The improved relations proved to be beneficial to Ethelred when in 1013 Sweyn Forkbeard invaded England. Emma with her two sons Edward and Alfred fled to Normandy followed shortly thereafter by her husband king Ethelred. Soon after the death of Ethelred, Cnut, King of England forced Emma to marry him while Richard was forced to recognize the new regime as his sister was again Queen. Richard had contacts with Scandinavian Vikings throughout his reign. He employed Viking mercenaries and concluded a treaty with Sweyn Forkbeard who was en route to England.

Richard II commissioned his clerk and confessor, Dudo of Saint-Quentin, to portray his ducal ancestors as morally upright Christian leaders who built Normandy despite the treachery of their overlords and neighboring principalities. It was clearly a work of propaganda designed to legitimize the Norman settlement, and while it contains numerous historically unreliable legends, as respects the reigns of his father and grandfather, Richard I and William I it is basically reliable.

In 1025 and 1026 Richard confirmed gifts of his great-grandfather Rollo to Saint-Ouen at Rouen. His other numerous grants to monastic houses tends to indicate the areas over which Richard had ducal control, namely Caen, the Éverecin, the Cotentin, the Pays de Caux and Rouen.

Richard II died 28 Aug 1026. his eldest son, Richard becoming the new Duke.

Richard II (right), with the Abbot of Mont Saint-Michel (middle) and Lothair of France (left)
Marriages and children

He married firstly, c.1000, Judith (982–1017), daughter of Conan I of Brittany, by whom he had the following issue:

Richard (c. 1002/4), duke of Normandy
Alice of Normandy (c. 1003/5), married Renaud I, Count of Burgundy
Robert (c. 1005/7), duke of Normandy
William (c. 1007/9), monk at Fécamp, d. 1025, buried at Fécamp Abbey
Eleanor (c. 1011/3), married to Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders
Matilda (c. 1013/5), nun at Fecamp, d. 1033. She died young and unmarried.[16]
Secondly he married Poppa of Envermeu, by whom he had the following issue:

Mauger (c. 1019), Archbishop of Rouen
William (c. 1020/5), count of Arques

Richard married de Bretagne, Lady Judith in 1000 in Normandy, France. Judith (daughter of of Berenger, Sir Conan I and d'Anjou, Lady Ermangarde) was born on 21 Mar 982 in Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine, Bretagne, France; was christened after 22 Mar 982 in Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine, Bretagne, France; died on 16 Jun 1017 in Bernay, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France; was buried on 16 Jun 1017 in Bernay, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• House: Capetian
• FSID: LD9R-RBH
• Appointments / Titles: 970; Countess de Dagsbourg
• Appointments / Titles: 970, Hainaut, Belgium; Countess of Hainaut
• Appointments / Titles: 970; Princesse de France
• Appointments / Titles: 996; Countess of Mons

Notes:

Hedwig of France (c. 970 – after 1013), also called Avoise, Hadevide or Haltude, was Countess of Mons. She was the daughter of Hugh Capet, the first King of France, and his wife, Queen Adelaide of Aquitaine.

Family
In 996 Hedwig married Reginar IV of Hainaut (947–1013). Their children were:

Reginar V, Count of Mons
Gisèle (998-1049), who married Wautier III d'Olhain
Lambert
Beatrix, who married Ebles I, Count of Rheims and Roucy
Ermentrude, died at the age of two or three; buried in the Collegiate Church of Saint Gertrude in Nivelles, Belgium. The burial came to light during an excavation. A lead cross, inscribed with her name and that of her parents, was found in the tomb.

Death
Following the death of her first husband, Hedwig remarried to Hugh de Dagsbourg. She died after 1013.
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“Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
“HUGUES OF FRANCE nicknamed le Grand or Capet, Duke of France, 960-987, King of France, 987-996, son of Hugues “le Grand,” Duke of France, by his 3rd wife, Hedwig, daughter of Heinrich I, King of Germany, born say 940. He married in the summer of 968 ADELAIDE OF POITOU, daughter of Guillaume I, Count of Poitou, Duke of Aquitaine, by Adèle, daughter of Rollo of Normandy. They had one son, Robert II [King of France], and two daughters, Hawise (or Hawidis/Hadwidis/Hathuidis/Hadevidam) (wife of Regnier IV, Count of Hainault) and Gisèle (wife of Hugues I, seigneur of Abbeville, Avoué of Saint-Riquier). He was consecrated King of France at Noyon 1 July 987. HUGUES CAPET, King of France, died at "Les Juifs" near Prasville, Eure-et-Loire 24 October 996, and was buried in the church of the Abbey of Saint-Denis. His widow, Adélaide, died 15 June 1003-5.
Monumenta Germaniae Historica SS IX (1851): 366 (Historia Francorum Senonensis: "Secundo anno obiit Hugo Magnus dux Francorum apud Drodingam villam 16. Kal. Iul. [16 June], sepultusque est in basilica beati Dyonisii martiris Parisius. Cui successerunt filii eius, Hugo videlicet, Otto et Heinricus, nati ex filia Odonis regis."), 368 (Historia Francorum Senonensis sub A.D. 998: "Obiit Hugo rex, sepultusque est in basilica beati Dyonisii martiris Parisius."). Acta Sanctorum Octobris 10 (1861): 791-793 (Translatio S. Maglorii et Aliorum Ex tomo III Annalium Ord. S. Benedicti: "Hugone, Francorum duce ... qui etiam cum sua venerabili conjuge, Adelaide nomine, filia Pictavorum comitis, de progenie Caroli Magni ..."). Prou Raoul Glaber - Les cinq Livres de ses Histoires (900-1044) (1886). Molinier Obituaires de la Province de Sens 1(1) (Recueil des Historiens de la France, Obituaires 1) (1902): 319 (Abbaye de Saint-Denis: "XVII kal. jul. [15 June] - Ob. Adelaidis regina"), 329 (Abbaye de Saint-Denis: "VIIII Kal. Nov. [24 Oct.] - Ob. Hugo rex [996]"). Lot Sur le Règne de Hugues Capet et la Fin the Xe Siècle (1903). Chaume Les Origins du Daché de Bourgogne 1 (1925): 536-537 (chart). Bibliothèque de l'Ecole des Charles 115 (1957): 168-171. Schwennicke Europäische Stammtafeln 2 (1984): 11 (sub France), 76 (ancestry of Alix de Poitou). Bouchard Sword, Miter, & Cloister (1987). Medieval Prosopography 9 (1988): 1-32. Van Kerrebrouck Les Capétians 987-1328 (2000): 47-55. Tanner Fams., Friends, & Allies (2004): 310 (France ped.).”

Hedwig married de Mons, Régnier IV in 996 in Hainaut, Belgium. Régnier was born on 11 Jan 947 in Mons, Hainaut, Belgium; died in 1013 in Mons, Hainaut, Belgium; was buried in 1013. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• House: Capet
• Nickname: The Pious
• Nickname: The Wise
• FSID: LD9R-RB7
• Appointments / Titles: Between 987 and 996; King of The Franks (co-reign)
• Life Event: 30 Dec 987, Orléans, Loiret, Centre, France
• Appointments / Titles: Between 996 and 1031; King of the Franks

Robert married d'Arles, Constance in 1003 in France. Constance (daughter of de Provence, WIlliam I and d'Anjou, Adélaïde) was born in 986 in Arles, Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France; died on 25 Jul 1032 in Melun, Seine-et-Marne, Île-de-France, France; was buried after 25 Jul 1032 in Basilica of St Denis, Paris, Île-de-France, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]