Plantagenet, Henry

Male 1281 - 1345  (64 years)


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Generation: 1

  1. 1.  Plantagenet, Henry was born in 1281 in Grismond or Grosmont Castle (destroyed), Grosmont, Monmouthshire, Wales; died on 30 Sep 1345 in Monastery of Cannons (Historic), Leicester, Leicestershire, England; was buried after 30 Sep 1345 in Monastery of Cannons (Historic), Leicester, Leicestershire, England.

    Other Events and Attributes:

    • Burial: Newark Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England
    • Alternate Burial: Newark Abbey, Leicester, Leicestershire, England
    • Appointments / Titles: 3rd Earl of Lancaster
    • Appointments / Titles: Earl of Leicester and Essex
    • Death: 22 Sep 1345, Monastery of Cannons (Historic), Leicester, Leicestershire, England
    • Death: 30 Sep 1345, Monastery of Cannons (Historic), Leicester, Leicestershire, England

    Notes:

    From Life Sketch

    Henry, 3rd Earl of Leicester and Lancaster (c. 1281 – 22 September 1345) was an English nobleman, one of the principals behind the deposition of Edward II of England.

    He was the younger son of Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester, who was a son of King Henry III by his wife Eleanor of Provence. Henry's mother was Blanche of Artois, Queen Dowager of Navarre.

    Henry's elder brother Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, succeeded their father in 1296, but Henry was summoned to Parliament on 6 February 1298/99 by writ directed to Henrico de Lancastre nepoti Regis ("Henry of Lancaster, nephew of the king", Edward I), by which he is held to have become Baron Lancaster. He took part in the Siege of Caerlaverock in July 1300.

    Petition for succession and inheritance
    After a period of longstanding opposition to King Edward II and his advisors, including joining two open rebellions, Henry's brother Thomas was convicted of treason, executed and had his lands and titles forfeited in 1322. Henry did not participate in his brother's rebellions; he later petitioned for his brother's lands and titles, and on 29 March 1324 he was invested as Earl of Leicester. A few years later, shortly after his accession in 1327, the young Edward III of England returned the earldom of Lancaster to him, along with other lordships such as that of Bowland.

    Revenge
    On the Queen's return to England in September 1326 with Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Henry joined her party against King Edward II, which led to a general desertion of the king's cause and overturned the power of Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester, and his namesake son Hugh the younger Despenser.

    He was sent in pursuit and captured the king at Neath in South Wales. He was appointed to take charge of the king and was responsible for his custody at Kenilworth Castle.

    Full restoration and reward
    Henry was appointed "chief advisor" for the new king Edward III of England, and was also appointed captain-general of all the king's forces in the Scottish Marches. He was appointed High Sheriff of Lancashire in 1327. He also helped the young king to put an end to Mortimer's regency and tyranny, also had him declared a traitor and executed in 1330.

    Loss of sight
    In about the year 1330, he became blind.

    Henry married de Chaworth, Maud before 2 Mar 1297. Maud (daughter of de Chaworth, Patrick V and de Beauchamp, Isabella) was born on 2 Feb 1282 in Kidwelly Castle, Kidwelly, Carmarthenshire, Wales; died on 3 Dec 1322 in Mottisfont Priory, Mottisfont, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 2. Plantagenet, Eleanor of Lancaster  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 11 Sep 1318 in Grismond or Grosmont Castle (destroyed), Grosmont, Monmouthshire, Wales; died on 19 Jan 1372 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; was buried after 19 Jan 1872 in Lewes Priory (Historical), Lewes, Sussex, England.
    2. 3. Plantagenet, Lady Joan of Lancaster  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1312 in Grismond or Grosmont Castle (destroyed), Grosmont, Monmouthshire, Wales; died on 15 Jul 1349 in Byland Abbey, Yorkshire, England; was buried after 15 Jul 1349 in Byland Abbey, Yorkshire, England.


Generation: 2

  1. 2.  Plantagenet, Eleanor of Lancaster Descendancy chart to this point (1.Henry1) was born on 11 Sep 1318 in Grismond or Grosmont Castle (destroyed), Grosmont, Monmouthshire, Wales; died on 19 Jan 1372 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; was buried after 19 Jan 1872 in Lewes Priory (Historical), Lewes, Sussex, England.

    Other Events and Attributes:

    • Appointments / Titles: Countess
    • Appointments / Titles: Countess of Arundel
    • Appointments / Titles: Dowager Baroness Beaumont
    • Appointments / Titles: Lady Beaumont
    • FSID: LWFP-YLP
    • Occupation: A lady-in-waiting to Queen Philippa

    Notes:

    From Wikipedia

    Eleanor of Lancaster, Countess of Arundel (sometimes called Eleanor Plantagenet; 11 September 1318 – 11 January 1372) was the fifth daughter of Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster and Maud Chaworth.

    Eleanor married first on 6 November 1330 John de Beaumont, 2nd Baron Beaumont (d. 1342), son of Henry Beaumont, 4th Earl of Buchan, 1st Baron Beaumont (c.1288-1340) by his wife Alice Comyn (1289-3 July 1349). He died in a tournament on 14 April 1342. They had one son, born to Eleanor in Ghent whilst serving as lady-in-waiting to Queen Philippa of Hainault:

    Henry Beaumont, 3rd Baron Beaumont, (4 April 1340 – 25 July 1369), the first husband of Lady Margaret de Vere (d. 15 June 1398), the daughter of John de Vere, 7th Earl of Oxford by his wife Maud de Badlesmere. Henry and Margaret had one son, John Beaumont, 4th Baron Beaumont KG (1361-1396).

    On 5 February 1344 at Ditton Church, Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire, she married Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel.

    His previous marriage, to Isabel le Despenser, had taken place when they were children. It was annulled by Papal mandate as she, since her father's attainder and execution, had ceased to be of any importance to him. Pope Clement VI obligingly annulled the marriage, bastardized the issue, and provided a dispensation for his second marriage to the woman with whom he had been living in adultery (the dispensation, dated 4 March 1344/1345, was required because his first and second wives were first cousins).

    The children of Eleanor's second marriage were:

    Richard (1346–1397), who succeeded as Earl of Arundel
    John Fitzalan (bef 1349 - 1379)
    Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury (c. 1353 - 19 February 1413)
    Lady Joan FitzAlan (1347/1348 - 7 April 1419), married Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford
    Lady Alice FitzAlan (1350 - 17 March 1416), married Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent (Thomas Holand)
    Lady Mary FitzAlan (died 29 August 1396), married John Le Strange, 4th Lord Strange of Blackmere, by whom she had issue
    Lady Eleanor FitzAlan (1356 - before 1366)

    Eleanor died at Arundel and was buried at Lewes Priory in Lewes, Sussex, England. Her husband survived her by four years, and was buried beside her; in his will Richard requests to be buried "near to the tomb of Eleanor de Lancaster, my wife; and I deSire that my tomb be no higher than hers, that no men at arms, horses, hearse, or other pomp, be used at my funeral, but only five torches...as was about the corpse of my wife, be allowed."

    The memorial effigies attributed to Eleanor and her husband Richard Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel in Chichester Cathedral are the subject of the Philip Larkin poem "An Arundel Tomb."

    Eleanor married FitzAlan, Lord Richard on 5 Feb 1344 in Lancashire, England. Richard (son of FitzAlan, Lord Edmund and Plantagenet, Alice de Warenne) was born on 13 Feb 1306 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; was christened in 1307 in Wales; died on 24 Jan 1376 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; was buried after 24 Jan 1376 in Austin Friars, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 4. FitzAlan, Lord Richard IV  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 2 Apr 1346 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; died on 21 Sep 1397 in London, London, England; was buried after 21 Sep 1397 in Austin Friars, London, England.

    Eleanor married Buchan, John on 6 Nov 1330 in Grismond or Grosmont Castle (destroyed), Grosmont, Monmouthshire, Wales. John was born in 1316 in Bortant, Lincolnshire, England; died on 14 Apr 1342 in Folkingham, Lincolnshire, England; was buried on 25 May 1342 in Lewes Priory (Historical), Lewes, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]


  2. 3.  Plantagenet, Lady Joan of Lancaster Descendancy chart to this point (1.Henry1) was born in 1312 in Grismond or Grosmont Castle (destroyed), Grosmont, Monmouthshire, Wales; died on 15 Jul 1349 in Byland Abbey, Yorkshire, England; was buried after 15 Jul 1349 in Byland Abbey, Yorkshire, England.

    Other Events and Attributes:

    • FSID: 9ST9-D2Q

    Notes:

    From Life Sketch:

    Joan of Lancaster was born circa 1312 at Grosmont Castle in Monmouthshire. Her father was the son of Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster and Blanche of Artois, Queen Dowager of Navarre, a granddaughter of Louis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile. Her paternal great-grandparents were Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence. Joan was thus doubly descended from Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Joan's mother was a half-sister of Edward II's favorite, Hugh le Despenser the Younger, through the remarriage of Maud's mother, Isabella de Beauchamp, to Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester. Joan had one brother, Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, and five sisters, Blanche, Baroness Wake of Liddell, Isabel, Abbess of Amesbury, Maud, Countess of Ulster, Eleanor, Countess of Arundel and Warenne, and Mary, Baroness Percy. Joan's niece, Elizabeth de Burgh, Countess of Ulster, married Lionel of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence, the second surviving son of Edward III and Philippa of Hainault, a marriage that would create a line of descent to strengthen the Yorkist claim to the throne in the Wars of the Roses. Another niece, Blanche of Lancaster, married the third surviving son of Edward III, John of Gaunt, and became the mother of the first Lancastrian king of England, Henry IV.

    Joan married de Mowbray, Sir John II between 8 Mar and 12 Jun 1327. John (son of de Mowbray, Sir John I and de Braose, Alienora) was born on 7 Dec 1310 in Hovingham, Yorkshire, England; died on 12 Oct 1361 in Bedford, Bedfordshire, England; was buried on 28 Oct 1361 in Greyfriars, Bedford, Bedfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 5. de Mowbray, John III  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 3 Jul 1340 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; was christened on 10 Jul 1340 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; died on 25 Oct 1368 in Thrace, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey; was buried after 25 Oct 1368 in Thrace, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey.


Generation: 3

  1. 4.  FitzAlan, Lord Richard IV Descendancy chart to this point (2.Eleanor2, 1.Henry1) was born on 2 Apr 1346 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; died on 21 Sep 1397 in London, London, England; was buried after 21 Sep 1397 in Austin Friars, London, England.

    Other Events and Attributes:

    • Appointments / Titles: 11th Earl of Arundel
    • FSID: L8BX-892

    Richard married de Bohun, Countess Elizabeth on 28 Sep 1359 in Derbyshire, England. Elizabeth (daughter of de Bohun, Earl William and de Badlesmere, Countess Elizabeth) was born in 1350 in Derby, Derbyshire, England; died on 3 Apr 1385 in Arundel, Sussex, England; was buried after 3 Apr 1385 in Lewes Priory (Historical), Lewes, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 6. FitzAlan, Elizabeth  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 8 Jul 1366 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; died on 8 Jul 1425 in Wighill, Yorkshire, England; was buried on 17 Jul 1425 in St Michael Churchyard, Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire, England.

  2. 5.  de Mowbray, John IIIde Mowbray, John III Descendancy chart to this point (3.Joan2, 1.Henry1) was born on 3 Jul 1340 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; was christened on 10 Jul 1340 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; died on 25 Oct 1368 in Thrace, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey; was buried after 25 Oct 1368 in Thrace, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey.

    Other Events and Attributes:

    • Appointments / Titles: 4th Baron Mowbray
    • Appointments / Titles: Baron
    • FSID: 9HDV-TTJ
    • Occupation: Crusader
    • Appointments / Titles: Jul 1355; Knighted
    • Military: 1368, Israel

    Notes:

    From Wikipedia

    John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray

    John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray (24 June 1340 – 1368) was an English peer. He was slain near Constantinople while en route to the Holy Land.

    Family
    John de Mowbray, born 25 June 1340 at Epworth, Lincolnshire, was the son of John de Mowbray, 3rd Baron Mowbray, of Axholme, Lincolnshire, by his second wife, Joan of Lancaster, sixth and youngest daughter of Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster.

    Career
    He and twenty-six others were knighted by Edward III in July 1355 while English forces were at the Downs before sailing to France. In 1356 he served in a campaign in Brittany. He had livery of his lands on 14 November 1361; however his inheritance was subject to the dower which his father had settled on his stepmother, Elizabeth de Vere. By 1369 she had married Sir William de Cossington, son and heir of Stephen de Cossington of Cossington in Aylesford, Kent; not long after the marriage she and her new husband surrendered themselves to the Fleet prison for debt. According to Archer, the cause may have been Mowbray's prosecution of his stepmother for waste of his estates; he had been awarded damages against her of almost £1000.

    In about 1343 an agreement had been made for a double marriage between, on the one hand, Mowbray and Audrey Montagu, the granddaughter of Thomas of Brotherton, and on the other hand, Mowbray's sister, Blanche, and Audrey's brother, Edward Montagu. Neither marriage took place. Instead, about 1349 a double marriage was solemnized between, on the one hand, Mowbray and Elizabeth Segrave, and on the other hand, Mowbray's sister Blanche, and Elizabeth Segrave's brother John, Pope Clement VI having granted dispensations for the marriages at the request of the Earl of Lancaster in order to prevent 'disputes between the parents', who were neighbours. Mowbray had little financial benefit from his marriage during his lifetime as a result of the very large jointure which had been awarded to Elizabeth Segrave's mother, Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk, who lived until 1399. However, when Elizabeth Segrave's father, John de Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave, died on 1 April 1353, Edward III allowed Mowbray to receive a small portion of his wife's eventual inheritance. Estate accounts for 1367 indicate that Mowbray enjoyed an annual income of almost £800 at that time.

    Mowbray was summoned to Parliament from 14 August 1362 to 20 January 1366. On 10 October 1367 he appointed attorneys in preparation for travel beyond the seas; these appointments were confirmed in the following year. He was slain by the Turks near Constantinople while en route to the Holy Land. A letter from the priory of 'Peyn' written in 1396 suggests that he was initially buried at the convent at Pera opposite Constantinople; according to the letter, 'at the instance of his son Thomas' his bones had now been gathered and were being sent to England for burial with his ancestors.

    His will was proved at Lincoln on 17 May 1369. His wife, Elizabeth, predeceased him in 1368 by only a few months.

    Marriage and issue
    Mowbray married, by papal dispensation dated 25 March 1349, Elizabeth de Segrave (born 25 October 1338 at Croxton Abbey), suo jure Lady Segrave, daughter and heiress of John de Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave (d.1353), by Margaret, daughter and heiress of Thomas of Brotherton, son of Edward I.

    They had two sons and three daughters:

    John de Mowbray, 1st Earl of Nottingham (1 August 1365 – before 12 February 1383), who died unmarried, and was buried at the Whitefriars, London.
    Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk.
    Eleanor Mowbray (born before 25 May 1364), who married John de Welles, 5th Baron Welles.
    Margaret Mowbray (d. before 11 July 1401), who married, by licence dated 1 July 1369, Sir Reginald Lucy (d. 9 November 1437) of Woodcroft in Luton, Bedfordshire.
    Joan Mowbray, who married firstly Sir Thomas Grey (1359 – 26 November or 3 December 1400) of Heaton near Norham, Northumberland, son of the chronicler Sir Thomas Grey, and secondly Sir Thomas Tunstall of Thurland in Tunstall, Lancashire.[16]

    John married de Segrave, Baroness Elizabeth on 25 Mar 1349 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. Elizabeth (daughter of de Segrave, Sir John and de Brotherton, Margaret) was born on 3 Oct 1338 in Croxton Abbey, Croxton Kerrial, Leicestershire, England; was christened on 2 Nov 1338 in Croxton Abbey, Croxton Kerrial, Leicestershire, England; died on 2 Apr 1368 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; was buried after 2 Apr 1368 in Croxton Abbey, Croxton Kerrial, Leicestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 7. de Mowbray, Thomas  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 22 Mar 1367 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; died on 22 Sep 1399 in Venice, Venezia, Veneto, Italy; was buried after 22 Sep 1399 in Venice, Venezia, Veneto, Italy.


Generation: 4

  1. 6.  FitzAlan, Elizabeth Descendancy chart to this point (4.Richard3, 2.Eleanor2, 1.Henry1) was born on 8 Jul 1366 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; died on 8 Jul 1425 in Wighill, Yorkshire, England; was buried on 17 Jul 1425 in St Michael Churchyard, Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire, England.

    Other Events and Attributes:

    • Appointments / Titles: Baroness FitaAlan
    • Appointments / Titles: Duchess
    • Appointments / Titles: Duchess of Norfolk
    • FSID: LRF9-PX3

    Notes:

    Elizabeth Fitzalan, Duchess of Norfolk
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Lady Elizabeth Fitzalan, Duchess of Norfolk (1366 – 8 July 1425)[1] was an English noblewoman and the wife of Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk. Through her eldest daughter, Lady Margaret Mowbray, Elizabeth was an ancestress of Queens consort Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, and the Howard Dukes of Norfolk. Her other notable descendants include Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk; Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby; Sir Thomas Wyatt, the younger; and Lady Jane Grey (by both parents).

    Marriages and children
    Lady Elizabeth was born in Derbyshire, England, a daughter of Richard Fitzalan, 11th Earl of Arundel and his first wife Elizabeth de Bohun, daughter of William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton and Elizabeth de Badlesmere.

    Elizabeth had four husbands and at least six children:
    1) Sir William Montacute, the eldest son of William de Montagu, 2nd Earl of Salisbury (before December1378).
    2) Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk (1384)
    3) Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk (b. 17 September 1385)
    4) Margaret de Mowbray (b. 1388), married Sir Robert Howard (1385 - 1436), and from this marriage descended Queens consort Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, and the Howard Dukes of Norfolk.
    5)John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk (b. 1392)
    60 Isabel de Mowbray (b.1400), married James Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley
    Sir Robert Goushill or Gousell of Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire (before 18 August 1401)
    1) Elizabeth Goushill or Gousell (1404-1491), wife of Sir Robert Wingfield of Letheringham, Suffolk (1403-between 6 October 1452 and 21 November 1454), they were great-grandparents to Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk.
    2) Joan or Jean Goushill or Gousell (b. 1409), wife of Thomas Stanley, 1st Baron Stanley, King of Mann, and parents of Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby.
    3) Sir Gerald or Gerard Afflete (before 1411)

    She died 8 July 1425 in Wighill, Yorkshire, England, and was buried with her third husband in the Goushill tomb in St Michael's Church, Hoveringham, Thurgarton Hundred, Nottinghamshire, England.

    References
    1. Memorials of the Order of the Garter from Its Foundation to the Present ... By Geogre Frederick p. 298 (https://www.google.com/books?id=4xwNAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA2-PA298&dq=%22Elizabeth+Fitzalan%22&as_brr=0&ei=No0pR_KsA6jA7AKJh_DoDg) accessed 1 November 2007

    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Fitzalan,_Duchess_of_Norfolk&oldid=758564223"
    Categories: 1366 births 1425 deaths People from Derbyshire Daughters of British earls
    Women of medieval England English duchesses by marriage Disease-related deaths in England
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    Elizabeth married Goushill, Sir Robert on 28 Aug 1401. Robert was born in 1350 in Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire, England; died on 21 Jul 1403 in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England; was buried after 21 Jul 1403 in St Michael Churchyard, Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Elizabeth married de Mowbray, Thomas in 1384 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England. Thomas (son of de Mowbray, John III and de Segrave, Baroness Elizabeth) was born on 22 Mar 1367 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; died on 22 Sep 1399 in Venice, Venezia, Veneto, Italy; was buried after 22 Sep 1399 in Venice, Venezia, Veneto, Italy. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 8. de Mowbray, Margaret  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1388 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; died on 27 Oct 1459 in Stoke By Nayland, Suffolk, England; was buried in Nayland, Suffolk, England.

  2. 7.  de Mowbray, Thomasde Mowbray, Thomas Descendancy chart to this point (5.John3, 3.Joan2, 1.Henry1) was born on 22 Mar 1367 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; died on 22 Sep 1399 in Venice, Venezia, Veneto, Italy; was buried after 22 Sep 1399 in Venice, Venezia, Veneto, Italy.

    Other Events and Attributes:

    • Appointments / Titles: Knight of the Garter
    • Appointments / Titles: Lord Duke
    • FSID: LHTZ-3WG
    • Appointments / Titles: 10 Feb 1383; 6th Lord of Mowbray
    • Appointments / Titles: 12 Feb 1383; 1st Earl of Nottingham
    • Appointments / Titles: 30 Jun 1385; Earl Marshall of England
    • Appointments / Titles: Between 1389 and 1399; Warden of the East March
    • Appointments / Titles: 29 Sep 1397; 1st Duke of Norfolk

    Notes:

    Thomas de Mowbray , 1st Duke of Norfolk

    Spouse(s) Elizabeth le Strange
    Elizabeth Arundel
    Issue Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk
    John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk
    Elizabeth Mowbray
    Isabel Mowbray
    Margaret Mowbray
    Father John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray
    Mother Elizabeth de Segrave
    Born 22 March 1367 or 1368
    Died 22 September 1399 (aged 31 or 32)vVenice, Republic of Venice
    Buried Venice, Italy

    Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, KG, Earl Marshal (22 March 1367 or 1368 – 22 September 1399) was an English peer. As a result of his involvement in the power struggles which led up to the fall of Richard II, he was banished and died in exile in Venice.

    Origins
    Mowbray was the second son of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray, and Elizabeth de Segrave, suo jure Lady Segrave, daughter and heiress of John de Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave, by Margaret, daughter and heiress of Thomas of Brotherton, son of Edward I.[1] He had an elder brother, John de Mowbray, 1st Earl of Nottingham, and three sisters, Eleanor, Margaret and Joan (for details concerning his siblings see the article on his father, John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray).

    Career
    In April 1372, custody of both Thomas and his elder brother, John, was granted to Blanche Wake, a sister of their grandmother, Joan of Lancaster.[2] On 10 February 1383, he succeeded his elder brother, John Mowbray, 1st Earl of Nottingham, as Baron Mowbray and Segrave, and was created Earl of Nottingham on 12 February 1383.[3] On 30 June 1385 he was created Earl Marshal for life, and on 12 January 1386 he was granted the office in tail male.[4][a] He fought against the Scots and then against the French. He was appointed Warden of the East March towards Scotland in 1389, a position he held until his death.

    He was one of the Lords Appellant to King Richard II who deposed some of the King's court favourites in 1387. He worked his way back into the king's good graces, however, and was likely instrumental in the murder, in 1397, of the king's uncle (and senior Lord Appellant), Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, who was imprisoned at Calais, where Nottingham was Captain. In gratitude, on 29 September 1397, the king created him Duke of Norfolk.[4][3]

    In 1398, Norfolk quarreled with Henry of Bolingbroke, 1st Duke of Hereford (later King Henry IV), apparently due to mutual suspicions stemming from their roles in the conspiracy against the Duke of Gloucester. Before a duel between them could take place, Richard II banished them both. Mowbray left England on 19 October 1398.[6] While in exile, he succeeded as Earl of Norfolk when his grandmother, Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk, died on 24 March 1399.[6] He died of the plague at Venice on 22 September 1399.[3] Bolingbroke returned to England in 1399 and usurped the crown on 30 September 1399; shortly afterward, on 6 October 1399, the creation of Mowbray as Duke of Norfolk was annulled by Parliament, although Mowbray's heir retained his other titles.[6][3]

    Arms of Mowbray
    The traditional, and historic arms for the Mowbray family are "Gules, a lion rampant argent". Although it is certain that these arms are differenced by various devices, this primary blazon applies to all the family arms, including their peerages at Norfolk. They are never indicated to bear the arms of Thomas Brotherton, nor any other English Royal Arms.

    Sir Bernard Burkes, C.B., LL.D.,Ulster King of Arms, in his book 'A General Armory of England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland', 1884, page 713, provides the following detailed listing of the Mowbray/Norfolk arms: "Mowbray (Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Nottingham, Earl of Warren and Surrey, Earl Marshal of England, and Baron Mowbray: dukedom and earldoms extinct 1475, when the barony fell into abeyance. The Mowbrays descended from Roger de Mowbray, son of Nigel d'Albini, who, possessing the lands of Mowbray [Montbray], assumed that surname by command of Henry I., his descendant, Roger de Mowbray, was summoned to Parliament 1295, the fifth baron was created Earl of Nottingham, 1377, d.s.p., his brother, the sixth Baron, was re-created Earl of Nottingham, 1383, constituted Earl Marshal, and created Duke of Norfolk, 139G, the fourth duke was created Earl of Warren and Surrey, vita patris, and d. without surviving issue, when all his honours became extinct except the barony, which fell into abeyance among the descendants of the daus. of the first Duke, of whom Lady Isabel is represented by the Earl of Berkeley, and Lady Margaret by the Lords Stourton and Pttre, as heirs general, and by the Duke of Norfolk, as heir male). Gu. a lion ramp. ar.

    Crest—A leopard or, ducally gorged ar.; granted by patent to the first duke, 17 Richard II. [1377 – 1399], which acknowledges his right to bear for his crest " a golden leopard with a white label," the crest of his maternal ancestor, Thomas Plantagenet, of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk, and grants the coronet instead of the label, which would of right belong to the King's son.

    Marriages and issue
    He married firstly, after 20 February 1383, Elizabeth le Strange (c. 6 December 1373 – 23 August 1383), suo jure Lady Strange of Blackmere, daughter and heiress of John le Strange, 5th Baron Strange of Blackmere, by Isabel Beauchamp, daughter of Thomas Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick, by whom he had no issue.[3]

    He married secondly Elizabeth Arundel (c.1372 – 8 July 1425), widow of Sir William Montagu, and daughter of Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel, by Elizabeth Bohun, daughter of William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, by whom he had two sons and three daughters:[3]

    Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk.[7]
    John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk.[7]
    Elizabeth Mowbray, who married Michael de la Pole, 3rd Earl of Suffolk.[7]
    Margaret Mowbray, who married firstly Sir Robert Howard, by whom she was the mother of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and secondly Sir John Grey of Ruthin, Derbyshire.[7]
    Isabel Mowbray; married firstly Sir Henry Ferrers, son of 5th Baron Ferrers of Groby, and secondly James Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley.[7]

    Shakespeare
    Mowbray's quarrel with Bolingbroke and subsequent banishment are depicted in the opening scene of Shakespeare's Richard II.[8] Thomas Mowbray (as he is called in the play) prophetically replies to King Richard's "Lions make leopards tame" with the retort, "Yea, but not change his spots." Mowbray's death in exile is announced later in the play by the Bishop of Carlisle.

    Notes
    a. Cockayne gives the year 1385 as when he was created Earl Marshal. Round, howev,e prrovides that he was granted the office of Marshal of England in 1385 but only formally received the title of Earl Marshal i1n386. [5]

    Citations
    1. Richardson III 2011, pp. 206-7.
    2. Cokayne 1936, p. 780.
    3. Richardson III 2011, p. 208.
    4. Cokayne 1936, p. 385.
    5. Round 1899, pp. 314-315.
    6. Cokayne 1936, p. 603.
    7. Richardson III 2011, p. 2010.
    8. McConnell, Louise (2000).D ictionary of Shakespeare, p. 194. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn PublishersI. SBN 1-57958-215-X.

    References
    Cokayne, George Edward (1936). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday and Lord Howard de Walden. IX. London: St. Catherine Press.

    Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966381.

    Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X.

    Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. IV (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1460992709.

    Round, J.H. (1899). Commune of London and Other Studies.

    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_de_Mowbray,_1st_Duke_of_Norfolk&oldid=785851946"
    Categories: 1360s births 1399 deaths Earls Marshal Dukes of Norfolk Earls of Norfolk (1312)
    Earls of Nottingham Barons Mowbray Barons Segrave Knights of the Garter
    14th-century deaths from plague (disease) 14th-century English people Male Shakespearean characters
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    He was the first Duke of Norfolk, Earl Of Nottingham, Earl Marshal. A close relative of Richard II. Thomas fell foul of the king and was banished for life in 1398, dying in Venice in 1399,aged 33. He had married Elizabeth Fitzaian, daughter of Richard Fitzalan, Earl of Arundel. Thomas appears in Shakespeare's "King Richard II"

    Find A Grave Memorial# 131795154. Taken from Findagrave website created by Kat: "Sir John was the elder son of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray, and Elizabeth Segrave.
    He had a younger brother, Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and three sisters, Eleanor, Margaret and Joan.
    After the deaths of his parents he became Baron Segrave and Baron Mowbray.
    John and his brother Thomas was granted to their great aunt Blanche Wake, a sister of their grandmother, Joan of Lancaster.
    He was knighted on April 23, 1377 with the future Richard II and the future Henry IV when the two noblemen were made Knights of the Bath.
    John was created Earl of Nottingham, on July 16 1377, when Richard II was crowned. As joint tenants of the estates of William Beauchamp of Bedford, he and William Latimer, 4th Baron Latimer successfully claimed the right to serve as Almoner at the coronation.
    John died before February 12, 1383, aged seventeen and unmarried, and was buried at the Whitefriars in Fleet Street, London. The earldom of Nottingham became extinct at his death. He was succeeded in the barony of Mowbray by his younger brother, Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, who became Earl of Nottingham on January 12, 1386 by a new creation of the earldom."

    m. (ante 1368) Sir John Welles, 5th Baron Welles (p. John Welles and Maud Roos). Issue:
    * Eudes (or Ives) married Maud Greystoke
    * Eleanor m.1 Sir Hugh Poynings; m.2 Sir Godfrey Hilton

    Thomas married FitzAlan, Elizabeth in 1384 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England. Elizabeth (daughter of FitzAlan, Lord Richard IV and de Bohun, Countess Elizabeth) was born on 8 Jul 1366 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; died on 8 Jul 1425 in Wighill, Yorkshire, England; was buried on 17 Jul 1425 in St Michael Churchyard, Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 8. de Mowbray, Margaret  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1388 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; died on 27 Oct 1459 in Stoke By Nayland, Suffolk, England; was buried in Nayland, Suffolk, England.

    Thomas married le Strange, Elizabeth after 20 Feb 1383 in England. Elizabeth was born on 22 Dec 1373 in Chawton, Hampshire, England; died on 14 Sep 1383 in Chawton, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]