Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: [Atheling]
• Appointments / Titles: Princess
• Appointments / Titles: Queen of England
• Appointments / Titles: Queen of England
• FSID: KHP1-CFX
• Name: Eadgyth "Matilda"Ætheling Dunkeld of Scotland Queen of England
• Name: Eadgyth (Edith)
• Name: Matilda Atheling Canmore
• Name: Matilda of England
• Name: Matilda of Scotland
• Name: Matilda of Scotland
• Name: Matilda of Scotland or Adelya
• Appointments / Titles: Between 11 and 14 Nov 1100; Queen Consort of England
• Birth: Oct 1079, Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland
• Death: 8 May 1118, Westminster Palace, Westminster, London, England

Notes:

Matilda of Scotland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Edith of Scotland)
Matilda of Scotland
Matylda zena.jpg
Queen consort of England
Tenure 11 November 1100 – 1 May 1118
Coronation 11 November 1100
Born c. 1080
Dunfermline, Scotland
Died 1 May 1118 (aged 38)
Westminster Palace
Burial Westminster Abbey
Spouse Henry I of England
Issue Matilda, Holy Roman Empress
William Adelin
House House of Dunkeld
Father Malcolm III of Scotland
Mother Saint Margaret of Scotland
Matilda of Scotland (c. 1080 – 1 May 1118), originally christened Edith, was Queen of England as the first wife of King Henry I.

Matilda was the daughter of the English princess Saint Margaret and the Scottish king Malcolm III. At the age of about six Matilda was sent with her sister to be educated in a convent in southern England, where her aunt Cristina was abbess. It is not clear if she spent much time in Scotland thereafter. In 1093, when she was about 13, she was engaged to an English nobleman when her father and brother Edward were killed in a minor raid into England, and her mother died soon after; her fiance then abandoned the proposed marriage. In Scotland a messy succession conflict followed between Matilda's uncle Donald III, her half-brother Duncan II and brother Edgar until 1097. Matilda's whereabouts during this no doubt difficult period are uncertain.

But after the suspicious death of William II of England in 1100 and accession of his brother Henry I, Matilda's prospects improved. Henry moved quickly to propose to her. It is said that he already knew and admired her, and she may indeed have spent time at the English court. Edgar was now secure on the Scottish throne, offering the prospect of better relations between the two countries, and Matilda also had the considerable advantage of Anglo-Saxon royal blood, which the Norman dynasty largely lacked. There was a difficulty about the marriage; a special church council was called to be satisfied that Matilda had not taken vows as a nun, which her emphatic testimony managed to convince them of.

Matilda and Henry married in late 1100. They had two children who reached adulthood and two more who died young. Matilda led a literary and musical court, but was also pious. She embarked on building projects for the church, and took a role in government when her husband was away; many surviving charters are signed by her. Matilda lived to see her daughter Matilda become Holy Roman Empress but died two years before the drowning of her son William. Henry remarried, but had no further legitimate children, which caused a succession crisis known as The Anarchy. Matilda is buried in Westminster Abbey and was fondly remembered by her subjects as "Matilda the Good Queen" and "Matilda of Blessed Memory". There was an attempt to have her canonized, which was not pursued.

Contents [hide]
1 Early life
2 Marriage
3 Queen
3.1 Works
4 Death
5 Legacy
6 Issue
7 Appearance and character
8 Notes and sources
9 References
10 External links
Early life
Matilda was born around 1080 in Dunfermline, the daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret. She was christened (baptised) Edith, and Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy, stood as godfather at the ceremony. The English queen Matilda of Flanders was also present at the baptismal font and served as her godmother. Baby Matilda pulled at Queen Matilda's headdress, which was seen as an omen that the younger Matilda would be queen one day.

The Life of St Margaret, Queen of Scotland was later written for Matilda possibly by Turgot of Durham. It refers to Matilda's childhood and her relationship with her mother. In it, Margaret is described as a strict but loving mother. She did not spare the rod when it came to raising her children in virtue, which the author presupposed was the reason for the good behaviour Matilda and her siblings displayed, and Margaret also stressed the importance of piety.

When she was about six years old, Matilda of Scotland (or Edith as she was then probably still called) and her sister Mary were sent to Romsey Abbey, near Southampton in southern England, where their aunt Cristina was abbess. During her stay at Romsey and, some time before 1093, at Wilton Abbey, both institutions known for learning, the Scottish princess was much sought-after as a bride; refusing proposals from William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey, and Alan Rufus, Lord of Richmond. Hériman of Tournai claimed that William Rufus considered marrying her. Her education went beyond the standard feminine pursuits. This was not surprising as her mother was a great lover of books. Her daughters learned English, French, and some Latin, and were sufficiently literate to read St. Augustine and the Bible.

In 1093, her parents betrothed her to Alan Rufus, Lord of Richmond, one of her numerous suitors. However, before the marriage took place, her father entered into a dispute with William Rufus. In response, he marauded the English king's lands where he was surprised by Robert de Mowbray, Earl of Northumbria and killed along with his son, Edward. Upon hearing of her husband and son's death, Margaret, already ill, died on 16 November. Edith was now an orphan. She was abandoned by her betrothed who ran off with a daughter of Harold Godwinson, Gunhild of Wessex. However, he died before they could be married.

She had left the monastery by 1093, when Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, wrote to the Bishop of Salisbury ordering that the daughter of the King of Scotland be returned to the monastery that she had left. She did not return to Wilton and until 1100, is largely unaccounted for in chronicles.

Marriage
After William II's death in the New Forest in August 1100, his brother, Henry, immediately seized the royal treasury and crown. His next task was to marry and Henry's choice was Matilda. Because Matilda had spent most of her life in a convent, there was some controversy over whether she was a nun and thus canonically ineligible for marriage. Henry sought permission for the marriage from Archbishop Anselm, who returned to England in September 1100 after a long exile. Professing himself unwilling to decide so weighty a matter on his own, Anselm called a council of bishops in order to determine the canonical legality of the proposed marriage. Matilda testified that she had never taken holy vows, insisting that her parents had sent her and her sister to England for educational purposes, and her aunt Cristina had veiled her to protect her "from the lust of the Normans." Matilda claimed she had pulled the veil off and stamped on it, and her aunt beat and scolded her for this act. The council concluded that Matilda was not a nun, never had been and her parents had not intended that she become one, giving their permission for the marriage.

Matilda and Henry seem to have known one another for some time before their marriage — William of Malmesbury states that Henry had "long been attached" to her, and Orderic Vitalis says that Henry had "long adored" her character. It is possible that Matilda had spent some time at William Rufus's court and that the pair had met there. It is also possible Henry was introduced to his bride by his teacher Bishop Osmund. Whatever the case, it is clear that the two at least knew each other prior to their wedding. Additionally, the chronicler William of Malmesbury suggests that the new king loved his bride.

Matilda's mother was the sister of Edgar the Ætheling, proclaimed but uncrowned King of England after Harold, and, through her mother, Matilda was descended from Edmund Ironside and thus from the royal family of Wessex, which in the 10th century had become the royal family of a united England. This was extremely important because although Henry had been born in England, he needed a bride with ties to the ancient Wessex line to increase his popularity with the English and to reconcile the Normans and Anglo-Saxons. In their children, the two factions would be united, further unifying the new regime. Another benefit was that England and Scotland became politically closer; three of Matilda's brothers became kings of Scotland in succession and were unusually friendly towards England during this period of unbroken peace between the two nations: Alexander married one of Henry I's illegitimate daughters and David lived at Henry's court for some time before his accession.

Matilda had a small dower but it did incorporate some lordship rights. Most of her dower estates were granted from lands previously held by Edith of Wessex. Additionally, Henry made numerous grants on his wife including substantial property in London. Generosity aside, this was a political move in order to win over the unruly Londoners who were vehement supporters of the Wessex kings.

Queen

The seal of Matilda
After Matilda and Henry were married on 11 November 1100 at Westminster Abbey by Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury, she was crowned as "Matilda," a hallowed Norman name. By courtiers, however, she and her husband were soon nicknamed 'Godric and Godiva'. These two names were typical English names from before The Conquest and mocked their more rustic style, especially when compared to the flamboyance of William II.

She gave birth to a daughter, Matilda, born in February 1102, and a son, William, called "Adelin", in November 1103. As queen, she resided primarily at Westminster, but accompanied her husband on his travels around England, and, circa 1106–1107, probably visited Normandy with him. Matilda was the designated head of Henry's curia and acted as regent during his frequent absences.

During the English investiture controversy (1103-07), she acted as intercessor between her husband and archbishop Anselm. She wrote several letters during Anselm's absence, first asking him for advice and to return, but later increasingly to mediate.

Works
Matilda had great interest in architecture and instigated the building of many Norman-style buildings, including Waltham Abbey and Holy Trinity Aldgate.[16] She also had the first arched bridge in England built, at Stratford-le-Bow, as well as a bathhouse with piped-in water and public lavatories at Queenhithe.[17]

Her court was filled with musicians and poets; she commissioned a monk, possibly Thurgot, to write a biography of her mother, Saint Margaret. She was an active queen and, like her mother, was renowned for her devotion to religion and the poor. William of Malmesbury describes her as attending church barefoot at Lent, and washing the feet and kissing the hands of the sick. Matilda exhibited a particular interest in leprosy, founding at least two leper hospitals, including the institution that later became the parish church of St Giles-in-the-Fields.[18] She also administered extensive dower properties and was known as a patron of the arts, especially music.

She was patroness of the monk Bendeit's version of The Voyage of Saint Brendan, c.1106-1118.[19]

Death
After Matilda died on 1 May 1118 at Westminster Palace, she was buried at Westminster Abbey. The death of her son, William Adelin, in the tragic disaster of the White Ship (November 1120) and Henry's failure to produce a legitimate son from his second marriage led to the succession crisis of The Anarchy.

Legacy
After her death, she was remembered by her subjects as "Matilda the Good Queen" and "Matilda of Blessed Memory", and for a time sainthood was sought for her, though she was never canonized. Matilda is also thought to be the identity of the "Fair Lady" mentioned at the end of each verse in the nursery rhyme London Bridge Is Falling Down. The post-Norman conquest English monarchs to the present day are related to the Anglo-Saxon House of Wessex monarchs via Matilda of Scotland as she was the great-granddaughter of King Edmund Ironside, see House of Wessex family tree.

Issue
Matilda and Henry had issue

Euphemia (July/August 1101), died young
Matilda of England (c. February 1102 – 10 September 1167), Holy Roman Empress, Countess consort of Anjou, called Lady of the English
William Adelin, (5 August 1103 – 25 November 1120), sometimes called Duke of Normandy, who married Matilda (d.1154), daughter of Fulk V, Count of Anjou.
Elizabeth (August/September 1104), died young
Appearance and character
"It causes pleasure to see the queen whom no woman equals in beauty of body or face, hiding her body, nevertheless, in a veil of loose clothing. Here alone, with new modesty, wishes to conceal it, but what gleams with its own light cannot be hidden and the sun, penetrating his clouds, hurls his rays." She also had "fluent, honeyed speech." From a poem of Marbodius of Rennes.

Notes and sources
Jump up ^ She is known to have been given the name "Edith" (the Old English Eadgyth, meaning "Fortune-Battle") at birth, and was baptised under that name. She is known to have been crowned under a name favoured by the Normans, "Matilda" (from the Germanic Mahthilda, meaning "Might-Battle"), and was referred to as such throughout her husband's reign. It is unclear, however, when her name was changed, or why. Accordingly, her later name is used in this article. Historians generally refer to her as "Matilda of Scotland"; in popular usage, she is referred to equally as "Matilda" or "Edith".
Jump up ^ Though Matilda of Flanders, wife of William the Conqueror and Henry's mother, was descended from Alfred the Great
Jump up ^ Huneycutt, Lois (2003). Matilda of Scotland: a Study in Medieval Queenship. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. p. 10.
Jump up ^ "The Life of St Margaret, Queen of Scotland". Retrieved 14 March 2011.
Jump up ^ Hollister 2001:128.
Jump up ^ Hilton, Lisa (2010). Queen Consort. New York City, New York: Pegasus Books LLC. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-60598-105-5.
Jump up ^ Hilton, Lisa (2010). Queen Consort. pp. 42–43.
Jump up ^ Hilton, Lisa (2010). Queen Consort. p. 43.
Jump up ^ Hilton, Lisa (2010). Queen Consort. p. 45.
Jump up ^ Hilton, Lisa (2010). Queen Consort. pp. 44–45.
Jump up ^ Hollister 2001:126.
Jump up ^ Hilton, Lisa (2010). Queen Consort. pp. 46–47.
Jump up ^ Huneycutt. Matilda of Scotland: a Study in Medieval Queenship. p. 73.
Jump up ^ Hilton, Lisa (2010). Queen Consort. p. 50.
Jump up ^ Huneycutt. Matilda of Scotland: a Study in Medieval Queenship. p. 76.
Jump up ^ Hilton, Lisa (2010). Queen Consort. p. 53.
Jump up ^ Hilton, Lisa (2010). Queen Consort. p. 63.
Jump up ^ Hilton, Lisa (2010). Queen Consort. pp. 47–48.
Jump up ^ closed access publication – behind paywall Ritchie, R.L.G. (1950). The Date of the "Voyage of St Brendan". Medium Ævum. Oxford, UK: Society for the Study of Medieval Languages and Literature. 19: 64–66. doi:10.2307/43626381. ISSN 0025-8385. JSTOR 43626381. OCLC 6733541455. (Registration required (help)).

Matilda married Beauclerc, King of England Henry ILondon, London, England. Henry (son of Beauclerc, King of England William and of Flanders, Matilda) was born in Sep 1068 in Selby, Yorkshire, England; was christened on 12 Aug 1100 in Selby, Yorkshire, England; died on 8 Dec 1135 in London, London, England; was buried on 4 Jan 1136 in Reading Abbey, Reading, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Burial: Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England
• Appointments / Titles: Empress
• Appointments / Titles: Queen of England
• FSID: LRRR-5KK
• Birth: 1102, Oxfordshire, England
• Birth: 7 Feb 1102, Winchester, Hampshire, England
• Birth: 14 Feb 1102, London, London, England
• Appointments / Titles: Between 14 Jan 1114 and 30 May 1125; German Queen
• Appointments / Titles: Between 14 Jan 1114 and 30 May 1125; Holy Roman Empress
• Appointments / Titles: Between 14 Jan 1114 and 30 May 1125; Queen of Italy
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1126 and 7 Jan 1127; declared heiress-presumptive, throne disputed with Stephen of Blois
• Appointments / Titles: Between 14 Apr 1141 and 7 Jan 1149; Lady of the English (disputed)
• Death: 1167, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France
• Death: 1167, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France
• Death: 10 Sep 1167, Cathédral Notre-Dame de Rouen, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France
• Death: 17 Sep 1167, Cathédral Notre-Dame de Rouen, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France

Notes:

READ ONLY -- HENRY II IS LOCKED.

Empress Matilda (c. 7 February 1102 – 10 September 1167), also known as the Empress Maude, was the claimant to the English throne during the civil war known as the Anarchy. The daughter of King Henry I of England, she moved to Germany as a child when she married the future Holy Roman Emperor Henry V. She travelled with her husband into Italy in 1116, was controversially crowned in St. Peter's Basilica, and acted as the imperial regent in Italy. Matilda and Henry had no children, and when he died in 1125, the crown was claimed by Lothair II, one of his political enemies.

Meanwhile, Matilda's younger brother, William Adelin, died in the White Ship disaster of 1120, leaving England facing a potential succession crisis. On Henry V's death, Matilda was recalled to Normandy by her father, who arranged for her to marry Geoffrey of Anjou to form an alliance to protect his southern borders. Henry I had no further legitimate children and nominated Matilda as his heir, making his court swear an oath of loyalty to her and her successors, but the decision was not popular in the Anglo-Norman court. Henry died in 1135 but Matilda and Geoffrey faced opposition from the Norman barons and were unable to pursue their claims. The throne was instead taken by Matilda's cousin Stephen of Blois, who enjoyed the backing of the English Church. Stephen took steps to solidify his new regime, but faced threats both from neighbouring powers and from opponents within his kingdom.

In 1139 Matilda crossed to England to take the kingdom by force, supported by her half-brother, Robert of Gloucester, and her uncle, King David I of Scotland, while Geoffrey focused on conquering Normandy. Matilda's forces captured Stephen at the Battle of Lincoln in 1141, but the Empress's attempt to be crowned at Westminster collapsed in the face of bitter opposition from the London crowds. As a result of this retreat, Matilda was never formally declared Queen of England, and was instead titled the Lady of the English. Robert was captured following the Rout of Winchester in 1141, and Matilda agreed to exchange him for Stephen. Matilda became trapped in Oxford Castle by Stephen's forces that winter, and was forced to escape across the frozen River Isis at night to avoid capture. The war degenerated into a stalemate, with Matilda controlling much of the south-west of England, and Stephen the south-east and the Midlands. Large parts of the rest of the country were in the hands of local, independent barons.

Matilda returned to Normandy, now in the hands of her husband, in 1148, leaving her eldest son to continue the campaign in England; he eventually succeeded to the throne as Henry II in 1154. She settled her court near Rouen and for the rest of her life concerned herself with the administration of Normandy, acting on Henry's behalf when necessary. Particularly in the early years of her son's reign, she provided political advice and attempted to mediate during the Becket controversy. She worked extensively with the Church, founding Cistercian monasteries, and was known for her piety. She was buried under the high altar at Bec Abbey after her death in 1167.

Family/Spouse: Plantagenet, Duke Geoffrey V. Geoffrey (son of of Anjou, Fulk V and du Maine, Countess Ermentrude) was born on 31 Aug 1113 in Anjou, Isère, Rhône-Alpes, France; died on 14 Sep 1151 in Château-du-Loir, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France; was buried after 14 Sep 1151 in St Julian Church, Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Physical Description: suffered from blepharoptosis, a drooping or falling of the upper eyelid, apparently his left eyelid
• Appointments / Titles: Count of Anjou
• Appointments / Titles: Count of Bar-Le-Duc
• Appointments / Titles: Count of Maine
• Appointments / Titles: Count of Nantes
• Appointments / Titles: Duke of Maine
• Appointments / Titles: Duke of Normandy
• Appointments / Titles: King
• Appointments / Titles: King of England
• Appointments / Titles: Lord of Ireland
• Appointments / Titles: Lord of Ireland
• Occupation: Reigned 1154-1189. First ruler of the House of Plantagenet.
• Religion: Catholic
• Birth: 5 Mar 1133, Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France
• Birth: 19 Mar 1133, Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1154 and 7 Jan 1190; King of England
• Appointments / Titles: 26 Dec 1154; Ascended to the throne
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1216 and 7 Jan 1217; Duke of Aquitaine
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1216 and 7 Jan 1220; His Regent was William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1219 and 7 Jan 1228; His Regent was Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent

Notes:

Known for his piety, holding lavish religious ceremonies and giving generously to charities; he was particularly devoted to the figure of Edward the Confessor, whom he adopted as his patron saint.

bio by: Kristen Conrad
Maintained by: Find A Grave
Record added: Jan 01, 2001
Find A Grave Memorial# 1951

English Monarch. The son of Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou and Queen Matilda, Henry was born in LeMans France, and acceded the throne of England in 1154, where he was crowned on December 19. He was the first of the Angevin kings, and one of England's most effective monarchs. He refined the government and created a self-standing bureaucracy. Henry was ambitious, intelligent, and energetic, and it is said he spoke every language used in Europe, though it is unlikely he spoke English. He married Eleanor of Aquitaine on May 18, 1152. This marriage brought under his rule the French counties of Brittany, Maine, Poitou, Touraine, Gascony, Anjou, Aquitaine, and Normandy - meaning Henry had more land and more power than the King of France. In 1162, Henry's best friend and chancellor, Thomas Beckett, was named Archbishop of Canterbury. Beckett distanced himself from Henry and angered the king when he opposed the coronation of young Prince Henry. In a fit of frustration, Henry publicly conveyed his wish to be free of Beckett. Four knights took the king at his word and murdered the archbishop in his cathedral. Henry endured a limited storm of protest over the incident, but the controvery quickly passed. As a result of the treachery of his sons, often with the encouragement of their mother, Henry was defeated in 1189 and forced to accept humiliation and peace. He died at Chinon, France at the age of 56.

Henry II (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189), also known as Henry Curtmantle (French: Court-manteau), Henry FitzEmpress or Henry Plantagenet, ruled as Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Count of Nantes, King of England (1154–89)

Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272), also known as Henry of Winchester, was King of England, Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death. The son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême, Henry assumed the throne when he was only nine in the middle of the First Barons' War. Cardinal Guala declared the war against the rebel barons to be a religious crusade and Henry's forces, led by William Marshal, defeated the rebels at the battles of Lincoln and Sandwich in 1217. Henry promised to abide by the Great Charter of 1225, which limited royal power and protected the rights of the major barons. His early rule was dominated first by Hubert de Burgh and then Peter des Roches, who re-established royal authority after the war. In 1230 the King attempted to reconquer the provinces of France that had once belonged to his father, but the invasion was a debacle. A revolt led by William Marshal's son, Richard, broke out in 1232, ending in a peace settlement negotiated by the Church.

Following the revolt, Henry ruled England personally, rather than governing through senior ministers. He travelled less than previous monarchs, investing heavily in a handful of his favourite palaces and castles. He married Eleanor of Provence, with whom he had five children. Henry was known for his piety, holding lavish religious ceremonies and giving generously to charities; the King was particularly devoted to the figure of Edward the Confessor, whom he adopted as his patron saint. He extracted huge sums of money from the Jews in England, ultimately crippling their ability to do business, and as attitudes towards the Jews hardened, he introduced the Statute of Jewry, attempting to segregate the community. In a fresh attempt to reclaim his family's lands in France, he invaded Poitou in 1242, leading to the disastrous Battle of Taillebourg. After this, Henry relied on diplomacy, cultivating an alliance with Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II. Henry supported his brother Richard in his bid to become King of the Romans in 1256, but was unable to place his own son Edmund on the throne of Sicily, despite investing large amounts of money. He planned to go on crusade to the Levant, but was prevented from doing so by rebellions in Gascony.

By 1258, Henry's rule was increasingly unpopular, the result of the failure of his expensive foreign policies and the notoriety of his Poitevin half-brothers, the Lusignans, as well as the role of his local officials in collecting taxes and debts. A coalition of his barons, initially probably backed by Eleanor, seized power in a coup d'état and expelled the Poitevins from England, reforming the royal government through a process called the Provisions of Oxford. Henry and the baronial government enacted a peace with France in 1259, under which Henry gave up his rights to his other lands in France in return for King Louis IX of France recognising him as the rightful ruler of Gascony. The baronial regime collapsed but Henry was unable to reform a stable government and instability across England continued.

In 1263 one of the more radical barons, Simon de Montfort, seized power, resulting in the Second Barons' War. Henry persuaded Louis to support his cause and mobilised an army. The Battle of Lewes occurred in 1264, where Henry was defeated and taken prisoner. Henry's eldest son, Edward, escaped from captivity to defeat de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham the following year and freed his father. Henry initially enacted a harsh revenge on the remaining rebels, but was persuaded by the Church to mollify his policies through the Dictum of Kenilworth. Reconstruction was slow and Henry had to acquiesce to various measures, including further suppression of the Jews, to maintain baronial and popular support. Henry died in 1272, leaving Edward as his successor. He was buried in Westminster Abbey, which he had rebuilt in the second half of his reign, and was moved to his current tomb in 1290. Some miracles were declared after his death but he was not canonised.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_III_of_England#Children

Henry II (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189), also known as Henry Curtmantle (French: Court-manteau), Henry FitzEmpress or Henry Plantagenet, ruled as Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Count of Nantes, King of England (1154–89) and Lord of Ireland; at various times, he also controlled Wales, Scotland and Brittany. Henry was the son of Geoffrey of Anjou and Matilda, daughter of Henry I of England. He became actively involved by the age of 14 in his mother's efforts to claim the throne of England, then occupied by Stephen of Blois, and was made Duke of Normandy at 17. He inherited Anjou in 1151 and shortly afterwards married Eleanor of Aquitaine, whose marriage to Louis VII of France had recently been annulled. Stephen agreed to a peace treaty after Henry's military expedition to England in 1153: Henry inherited the kingdom on Stephen's death a year later

Henry married Plantagenet, Agnes in Mistress. Agnes was born in 1135; died in 1185. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: of Aquitaine, Queen Eleanor. Eleanor (daughter of of Aquitaine, WIlliam X and de Châtellerault, Elaeanor) was born on 13 Dec 1122 in Bordeaux, Gironde, Aquitaine, France; was christened in Fontevrault Abbey, Fontevrault, Maine-et-Loire, Pays de la Loire, France; died on 7 Apr 1204 in Mirabell Castle, Tarn-et-Garonne, Midi-Pyrénées, France; was buried after 7 Apr 1204 in Fontevrault Abbey, Fontevrault, Maine-et-Loire, Pays de la Loire, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Hamelin de Warenne, Earl of Surrey (sometimes Hamelin of Anjou and, anachronistically, Hamelin Plantagenet[a] (c.1129—1202) was an English nobleman who was prominent at the courts of the Angevin kings of England, Henry II, Richard I, and John. He was an

Family/Spouse: de Warenne, Isabella. Isabella was born in 1137 in Surrey, England; died on 20 Jul 1199 in Lewes, Sussex, England; was buried after 20 Jul 1199 in Lewes Priory (Historical), Lewes, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: 9C6M-LL8

Family/Spouse: de Verdun, Nicolas. Nicolas was born in 1175 in Alton, Staffordshire, England; died on 23 Oct 1231 in Farnham Royal, Buckinghamshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Plantagenet, King John Lackland of England. John (son of Plantagenet, King of England Henry II and of Aquitaine, Queen Eleanor) was born on 31 Dec 1166 in Kings Manor House (Historical), Oxford, Oxfordshire, England; died on 18 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire, England; was buried on 19 Oct 1216 in Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, Worcestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Burial: Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, Worcestershire, England
• Appointments / Titles: Duke of Bedford
• House: House of Plantagenet
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1177 and 7 Jan 1186; Lord of Ireland
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1189 and 1199, Gloucestershire, England; Earl
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1199 and 1204, Maine (Historical), France; Count
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1199 and 1204, Poitou-Charentes, France; Count
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1199 and 1216, Aquitaine, France; Duke
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1199 and 1216, England; King
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1199 and 7 Jan 1217; King of England
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1202 and 1216, Angoulême, Charente, Poitou-Charentes, France; Count
• Death: 19 Oct 1216, Newark Castle, Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire, England

Notes:

John, the youngest of five sons of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, was at first not expected to inherit significant lands; became Henry's favourite child. John grew up to be around 5 ft 5 in. John's first period of rule in Ireland was not a success. Ireland had only recently been conquered by Anglo-Norman forces, and tensions were still rife between Henry II, the new settlers and the existing inhabitants.[28] John infamously offended the local Irish rulers by making fun of their unfashionable long beards. In order to remarry, John first needed to abandon Isabel, Countess of Gloucester, his first wife; as a cousin, John could not have legally wed her without this. Marrying Isabella of Angoulême, John was acquiring a key land route between Poitou and Gascony, which significantly strengthened his grip on Aquitaine. At the start of John's reign there was a sudden change in prices, as bad harvests and high demand for food resulted in much higher prices for grain and animals. This inflationary pressure was to continue for the rest of the 13th century and had long-term economic consequences for England. From Henry II onwards, ira et malevolentia had come to describe the right of the king to express his anger and displeasure at particular barons or clergy, building on the Norman concept of malevoncia – royal ill-will.[116] In the Norman period, suffering the king's ill-will meant difficulties in obtaining grants, honours or petitions; John was deeply suspicious of the barons. Chroniclers complained that John's mistresses were married noblewomen, which was considered unacceptable. During the remainder of his reign, John focused on trying to retake Normandy and England itself had to be secured against possible French invasion, John became involved in a dispute with Pope Innocent III that would lead to the king's excommunication. John refused Innocent's request that he consent to Langton's appointment, but the pope consecrated Langton anyway. He barred Langton from entering England and seized the lands of the archbishopric and other papal possessions.
Neither John nor the rebel barons seriously attempted to implement the peace accord. The failure of the agreement led rapidly to the First Barons' War. The rebel barons responded by inviting Prince Louis of France to lead them: Louis had a claim to the English throne by virtue of his marriage to Blanche of Castile, a granddaughter of Henry II. John contracted dysentery, which would ultimately prove fatal. By October 1216 John faced a "stalemate", "a military situation uncompromised by defeat". John's illness grew worse. John died on the night of 18 October. John's first wife, Isabel, Countess of Gloucester, was released from imprisonment in 1214; she remarried twice, and died in 1217. John's second wife, Isabella of Angoulême, left England for Angoulême soon after the king's death; she became a powerful regional leader, but largely abandoned the children she had had by John.
Popular representations of John first began to emerge during the Tudor period: Shakespeare's King John, Sir Walter Scott's historical romance, Ivanhoe, Howard Pyle's book The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood. Excerpts from Wikipedia.org.
Name: King John
Born: December 24, 1166 at Beaumont Palace : Oxford
Parents: Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine
House of: Angevin ( Plantagenet)
Ascended to the throne: April 6, 1199 aged 32 years
Crowned: May 27, 1199 at Westminster Abbey
Married: 1) Isabella of Gloucester, (annulled 1199), (2) Isabella, Daughter of Count of Angouleme
Children: Two sons including Henry III, three daughters and several illegitimate children
Died: October 18, 1216 at Newark Castle, aged 49 years, 9 months, and 24 days
Buried at: Worcester
Reigned for: 17 years, 6 months, and 13 days
Succeeded by: his son Henry III
---------------
John was nicknamed Lackland, probably because, as the youngest of Henry II's five sons, it was difficult to find a portion of his father's French possessions for him to inherit. He was acting king from 1189 during his brother Richard the Lion-Heart's absence on the Third Crusade. The legend of Robin Hood dates from this time in which John is portrayed as Bad King John. He was involved in intrigues against his absent brother, but became king in 1199 when Richard was killed in battle in France.

King John signs Magna Carta 1215
Most of his reign was dominated by war with France. Following the peace treaty of Le Goulet there was a brief peace, but fighting resumed again in 1202. John had lost Normandy and almost all the other English possessions in France to Philip II of France by 1204. He spent the next decade trying to regain these without success and was finally defeated by Philip Augustus at the Battle of Bouvines in 1214. He was also in conflict with the Church. In 1205 he disputed the pope's choice of Stephen Langton as archbishop of Canterbury, and Pope Innocent III placed England under an interdict, suspending all religious services, including baptisms, marriages, and burials. John retaliated by seizing church revenues, and in 1209 was excommunicated. Eventually, John submitted, accepting the papal nominee, and agreed to hold the kingdom as a fief of the papacy; an annual monetary tribute was paid to the popes for the next 150 years by successive English monarchs.

His concessions did not buy peace for long and the Barons War continued. The barons sought French aid and Prince Louis of France landed in England supported by attacks from the North by Alexander II of Scotland. John fled and according to legend lost most of his baggage and the crown jewels when crossing the tidal estuaries of the Wash. He became ill with dysentery and died at Newark Castle in October 1216.
Timeline for King John
Year Event
1199 John accedes to the throne on the death of his brother, Richard I.
1204 England loses most of its possessions in France.
1205 John refuses to accept Stephen Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury
1208 Pope Innocent III issues an Interdict against England, banning all church services except baptisms and funerals
1209 Pope Innocent III excommunicates John for his confiscation of ecclesiastical property
1209 Cambridge University founded
1212 Innocent III declares that John is no longer the rightful King
1213 John submits to the Pope’s demands and accepts the authority of the Pope
1214 Philip Augustus of France defeats the English at the Battle of Bouvines
1215 Beginning of the Barons' war. The English Barons march to London to demand rights which they lay down in the Magna Carta.
1215 John meets the English barons at Runnymede, agrees to their demands, and seals the Magna Carta which set limits on the powers of the monarch, lays out the feudal obligations of the barons, confirms the liberties of the Church, and grants rights to all freemen of the realm and their heirs for ever. It is the first written constitution.
1215 The Pope decrees that John need not adhere to the Magna Carta, and civil war breaks out
1216 The barons seek French aid in their fight against John. Prince Louis of France lands in England and captures the Tower of London
1216 John flees North and loses his war chest of cash and jewels in the Wash estuary
1216 John dies of a fever at Newark and is buried Worcester Cathedral

Family/Spouse: le Boteler, Regina Clementia. Regina (daughter of Plantagenet, King of England Henry II and Plantagenet, Agnes) was born on 19 Jun 1166 in Maine (Historical), France; died on 7 Sep 1201 in Nantes, Loire-Atlantique, Pays de la Loire, France; was buried after 7 Sep 1201 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married de Taillefer, Queen of England Isabelle on 24 Aug 1200 in Bordeaux, Gironde, Aquitaine, France. Isabelle (daughter of de Taillefer, Aymar and de Courtenay, Alice) was born on 2 Sep 1188 in Angoulême, Charente, Poitou-Charentes, France; was christened in 1188 in France; died on 10 Jun 1246 in Fontevrault Abbey, Fontevrault, Maine-et-Loire, Pays de la Loire, France; was buried in Fontevrault Abbey, Fontevrault, Maine-et-Loire, Pays de la Loire, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: de Ferrers, Agatha. Agatha was born in 1168 in Stowe-by-Chartley, Staffordshire, England; died in 1189 in Chinon, Indre-et-Loire, Centre, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Kingston Upon Thames, Surrey, England; Earl of Surrey
• Appointments / Titles: Kingston Upon Thames, Surrey, England; Earl of Surrey
• Appointments / Titles: Warren Hall, Knutsford, Cheshire, England; Earl of Warrenne
• Appointments / Titles: Warren Hall, Knutsford, Cheshire, England; Earl of Warrenne
• FSID: LDYW-LFJ
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1200 and 7 Jan 1209, Surrey, England; High Sheriff of Surrey
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1202 and 7 Jan 1241, Surrey, England; 5th Earl of Surrey
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1204 and 7 Jan 1207, England; Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1208 and 7 Jan 1214, England; Warden of the Welsh Marches
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1214 and 7 Jan 1215, England; Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1215 and 7 Jan 1216; Magna Charta Surety
• Appointments / Titles: Between 8 Jan 1217 and 7 Jan 1227, Surrey, England; High Sheriff of Surrey

Family/Spouse: Marshall, Countess Matilda. Matilda (daughter of Marshal, Earl William and FitzGilbert, Isabel de Clare) was born in Sep 1192 in Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales; was christened between 8 Sep and 7 Oct 1201; died on 3 Apr 1248 in Tintern Abbey, Tintern, Monmouthshire, Wales; was buried on 11 Apr 1248 in Tintern Abbey, Tintern, Monmouthshire, Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Heiress of Croxden
• FSID: LHH4-X9T

Notes:

They all retained the surname of their mother, apparently because yet another Theobald, a son by Theobald Butler's 1st wife, inherited the Butler properties, offices, and privilidges

Rohesia married de Botiller, Theobald II on 11 Sep 1225 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. Theobald (son of Walter, Theobald I and le Vavasour, Maud) was born between 8 Jan and 7 Feb 1200 in Arklow Abbey, Arklow, Wicklow, Ireland; was christened between 8 Jun and 7 Jul 1206 in Arklow, Wicklow, Ireland; died on 26 Jul 1230 in Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France; was buried after 26 Jul 1230 in Arklow Abbey, Arklow, Wicklow, Ireland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Duke of Aquitaine
• Appointments / Titles: King
• Appointments / Titles: King of England
• Appointments / Titles: Lord of Ireland
• FSID: 9C69-MKH
• Occupation: King Of England 1216-1272
• Appointments / Titles: Between 4 Nov 1216 and 24 May 1220; King of England
• Burial: 27 Nov 1272, Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England

Henry married Berenger, Eleanor on 14 Jan 1236 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England. Eleanor (daughter of Berenger, Count Raimund IV and de Savoie, Countess Béatrice) was born on 1 Jul 1223 in Aix, Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France; was christened in Fontevrault Abbey, Fontevrault, Maine-et-Loire, Pays de la Loire, France; died on 25 Jun 1291 in Amesbury, Wiltshire, England; was buried on 11 Sep 1291 in Abbey of St. Mary and St. Melor, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Princess of England
• Appointments / Titles: Princess of Wales
• FSID: 9HFS-GG1

Notes:

Joan, Lady of Wales
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Joan of Wales
Eglwys y Santes Fair, Biwmares, Ynys Mon, Church of St Mary and St Nicholas, Beaumaris, North Wales 61.jpg
Detail of Joan's sarcophagus in St Mary's and St Nicholas's Church, Beaumaris
Born c. 1191
Died 2 February 1237 (aged 45–46)
Spouse Llywelyn the Great
House Plantagenet
Father John of England
Mother Clemence
Joan, Lady of Wales and Lady of Snowdon, also known by her Welsh name of Siwan, (c. 1191 – 2 February 1237) was the wife of Llywelyn the Great, Prince of Wales and Gwynedd, effective ruler of most of Wales.

Early life[edit]
Joan was a natural daughter of King John of England. She should not be confused with her half-sister, Joan, Queen consort of Scotland.

Little is known about her early life. Her mother's name is known only from Joan's obituary in the Tewkesbury Annals, where she is called "Regina Clementina" (Queen Clemence); there is no evidence that her mother was in fact of royal blood. Joan may have been born in France, and probably spent part of her childhood there, as King John had her brought to the Kingdom of England from Normandy in December 1203 in preparation for her wedding to prince Llywelyn ab Iorwerth.

Thomas Pennant, in "Tours in Wales", Volume 2, published London, 1810, writes : "It is said that Llewelyn the Great had near this place [Trefriw] a palace; ... The church of Trefriw was originally built by Llewelyn, for the ease of his princess, who before was obliged to go on foot to Llanrhychwyn, a long walk among the mountains."

Marriage[edit]
Joan married Llywelyn the Great between December 1203 and October 1204. The wedding was celebrated at St Werburgh's Abbey in Chester. She and Llywelyn had at least two children together:

Elen ferch Llywelyn (Helen or Ellen) (1207–1253), married (1) John the Scot, Earl of Chester and (2) Robert II de Quincy
Dafydd ap Llywelyn (c. 1212–1246) married Isabella de Braose, died at Abergwyngregyn.
Some of Llywelyn's other recorded children may also have been Joan's:

Gwladus Ddu (1206–1251), married (1) Reginald de Braose and (2) Ralph de Mortimer (had issue).
Susanna, who was sent to England as a hostage in 1228.
Angharad ferch Llywelyn
Margaret, who married (1) Sir John de Braose (called 'Tadody'), the grandson of William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber. She married (2) Sir Walter de Clifford and had children by both husbands.[1]
In April 1226 Joan obtained a papal decree from Pope Honorius III, declaring her legitimate on the basis that her parents had not been married to others at the time of her birth, but without giving her a claim to the English throne.[2]

Adultery with William de Braose[edit]
At Easter 1230, William de Braose, who was Llywelyn's prisoner at the time, was discovered with Joan in Llywelyn's bedchamber. William de Braose was hanged on 2 May 1230, according to local folklore at Abergwyngregyn; the place was known as 'Gwern y Grog'. A letter from Nicholas, Abbot of Vaudy, suggests that the execution took place at Crogen near Bala (crogi = to hang).[3]

Joan was placed under house arrest for twelve months after the incident. She was then, according to the Chronicle of Chester, forgiven by Llywelyn, and restored to favour. She may have given birth to a daughter early in 1231.

Joan was never called Princess of Wales, but, in Welsh, "Lady of Wales".

Death and burial
She died at the royal home at Abergwyngregyn, on the north coast of Gwynedd, in 1237. Llywelyn's great grief at her death is recorded; he founded a Franciscan friary on the seashore at Llanfaes, opposite the royal home, in her honour. The friary was consecrated in 1240, shortly before Llywelyn died. It was destroyed in 1537 by Henry VIII of England during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. A stone coffin originally identified as Joan's can be seen in St Mary's and St Nicholas's parish church, Beaumaris, Anglesey. Above the empty coffin is a slate panel inscribed: "This plain sarcophagus, (once dignified as having contained the remains of Joan, daughter of King John, and consort of Llewelyn ap Iowerth, Prince of North Wales, who died in the year 1237), having been conveyed from the Friary of Llanfaes, and alas, used for many years as a horsewatering trough, was rescued from such an indignity and placed here for preservation as well as to excite serious meditation on the transitory nature of all sublunary distinctions. By Thomas James Warren Bulkeley, Viscount Bulkeley, Oct 1808"

The slate panel at Beaumaris
In recent years, doubt has been cast on the identity of the woman depicted on the coffin lid, which is not thought to belong to the coffin on which it now rests. Experts have suggested that the costume and style of carving belong to a much later decade than the 1230s when Joan died, although the coronet suggests a member of the royal family. Eleanor de Montfort is considered the most likely alternative.[4]

Fiction
Joan and her affair with William de Braose is the subject of Saunders Lewis's Welsh verse play Siwan. Edith Pargeter's novel The Green Branch is set in Wales and the Welsh Marches in 1228–31, when Llewelyn ruled Gwynedd and most of the rest of Wales.[5] Although named Joanna, Joan is the main character of Sharon Kay Penman's novel Here Be Dragons.[6]

References
1 Douglas Richardson. Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. I, pg 387.
2 Douglas Richardson, Kimball G. Everingham, Plantagenet ancestry: a study in colonial and medieval families. Genealogical Pub Co, 2004
3 The Acts of Welsh Rulers: 1120–1283, ed. Huw Pryce. University of Wales Press, 2005. ISBN 9780708323830. p. 429. Accessed 6 October 2015
4 Madeleine Gray (2014). "Four weddings, three funerals and a historic detective puzzle: a cautionary tale" (PDF). Transactions of the Anglesey Antiquarian Society and Field Club. Retrieved 11 June 2016.
5 "Carla Nayland Book Review – The Green Branch by Edith Pargeter". carlanayland.org.
6 Penman, Sharon Kay (1985). Here Be Dragons. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. ISBN 9780030627736.

Joan married ap Iorwerth, Prince Llewelyn on 23 Apr 1205 in England. Llewelyn (son of ap Owain Gwynedd, Iorwerth and verch Madog, Margred) was born in 1173 in Aberffraw Castle, Aberffraw, Anglesey, Wales; died on 18 Apr 1240 in Aberconwy Abbey, Conwy, Caernarvonshire, Wales; was buried after 18 Apr 1240 in Aberconwy Abbey, Conwy, Caernarvonshire, Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: LTTW-D77
• Possessions: Castle Acre, Norfolk, England
• Possessions: Holt Castle, Wrexham, Denbighshire, Wales
• Possessions: Conisbrough Castle, Conisbrough, Yorkshire, England
• Appointments / Titles: 1240; 6th Earl of Surrey
• Appointments / Titles: 1254; Knighted

Notes:

John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey (1231 – c. 29 September 1304) was a prominent English nobleman and military commander during the reigns of Henry III of England and Edward I of England. During the Second Barons' War he switched sides twice, ending up in support of the king, for whose capture he was present at Lewes in 1264. Warenne was later appointed a Guardian of Scotland and featured prominently in Edward I's wars in Scotland.

Warenne was the son and heir of William de Warenne, 5th Earl of Surrey, and Maud Marshal. His mother was the daughter of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and widow of Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk, making Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of Norfolk his elder half-brother.

A boy when his father died, Warenne became a royal ward. Peter of Savoy was appointed guardian of his holdings and Warenne was raised at the royal court. In 1247, he married Henry III's half-sister Alice le Brun de Lusignan, a marriage that created resentment amongst the English nobility, who did not like seeing a wealthy English nobleman marrying a penniless foreigner.
...
Warenne died on 29 September 1304 in Kennington, Kent. He was interred in Lewes Priory at a service conducted by the Archbishop of Canterbury. He was succeeded by his grandson, also called John.
Issue
Warenne and Alice de Lusignan had three children:
1. Eleanor, who married Henry Percy and was the mother of Henry de Percy, 1st Baron Percy of Alnwick (see Percy Family)
2. Isabella, who married John Balliol (briefly the King of Scots), and was the mother of Edward Balliol;
3. William, who married Joan, daughter of Robert de Vere, 5th Earl of Oxford, and was accidentally killed at a tournament on 15 December 1286. Their son John succeeded his grandfather as earl of Surrey; their daughter Alice de Warenne married Edmund Fitzalan, 9th Earl of Arundel.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_de_Warenne,_6th_Earl_of_Surrey

==========
“Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013):
“JOHN DE WARENNE, Knt., 7th Earl of Surrey, of Lewes, Sussex, Reigate, Surrey, Grantham and Stamford, Lincolnshire, Conisbrough, Yorkshire, etc., Constable of Bamburgh, Hope, and Pevensey Castles, Warden of the Maritime Parts, cos. Surrey and Sussex, 1295, Joint Warden north of Trent, 1295, justice itinerant, son and heir by his father's 2nd marriage, born in or after August 1231. He married in August 1247 ALICE (or ALIX) DE LUSIGNAN, daughter of Hugues [X] le Brun (or de Lusignan), Count of La Marche and Angoulême, seigneur of Lusignan, Château-Larcher, Montreuil-Bonnin, and la Mothe-Saint-Heray de Lusignan, by Isabel, widow of John, King of England [see ENGLAND 5], and daughter and heiress of Ademar Ill Taillefer, Count of Angoulême [see ENGLAND 5 for her ancestry]. Alice was the uterine half-sister of King Henry III of England [see ENGLAND 6]. They had one son, William, Knt., and two daughters, Eleanor and Isabel. By an unknown noblewoman, he had also two illegitimate sons, [Master] John [Vicar of Dewsbury, York, Rector of Dorking, Surrey and Fishlake, Yorkshire, Prebendary of Thockrington, living 1330] and [Master] William (Rector of Hatfield, Yorkshire, living 1314). He was with Edward, Prince of Wales, in Gascony in 1254, and knighted with him in Spain. In 1255 he joined the other nobles in their resistance to the influx of foreigners into England. In Sept. 1255 he was instructed to escort the King of Scotland to the King. His wife, Alice, died 9 Feb. 1255/6. In 1257 he accompanied Richard, Earl of Cornwall, King elect of the Romans, to Almain. In 1260 he went overseas in the service of Prince Edward. He joined Simon de Montfort and Prince Edward with many of the magnates in 1263. He was in the prince's army at the Battle of Lewes 14 May 1264, whence he and the king's brothers fled to Pevensey, subsequently crossing to France. In 1265 he fought at the Battle of Evesham under Prince Edward. He was in joint command of the royalist forces at Chesterfield in 1266. In 1266 he quitclaimed to the Prior and Convent of Lewes his right to the advowson of the church of Dewsbury, Yorkshire. In 1267 he received a pardon for excesses committed in the recent time of disturbance. He took the cross 24 June 1268, though it does not appear that he went on crusade. In May 1270 the king granted him a writ to recover certain parcels of land which belonged to David de Ashby in Ashby de la Zouch, Leicestershire, together with the wardship of Isabel, daughter of Stephen, son and heir of the said David de Ashby, against Alan la Zouche, Knt. and Ellen his wife, who the earl said unlawfully occupied the land. In July 1270 he quarreled in Westminster Hall with Alan la Zouche, Knt. and attacked him so violently that he died on 10 August following, his son escaping with difficulty. The earl fled to his castle at Reigate, Surrey, pursued by Prince Edward, and begged for mercy. On 4 August 1270 he was pardoned upon his agreeing to pay a substantial sum to the king. On 20 Nov. 1272, four days after the king's death, he swore allegiance to Prince Edward, then on his way home from a crusade. The Earl was one of the guardians of the realm until his return. In 1274-5 John d'Eiville arraigned an assize of mort d'ancestor against him touching the manor of Greetwell, Lincolnshire. In the same period, John son of Gilbert de Cokerington arraigned an assize of mort d'ancestor against him touching possessions in North Kynton and Covenham, Lincolnshire. In the same period, Simon le Franceis and others arraigned an assize of novel disseisin against him and others touching a tenement in Helpringham, Lincolnshire. In 1277-8 William Foliot and Isabel his wife arraigned an assize of novel disseisin against Ellen widow of Alan la Zouche and John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey, touching a tenement in Ashby, Northamptonshire. He was summoned to serve against the Welsh in 1277 and 1294, and against the Scots, 1291, 1297, and 1300. He was heir c.1282 to his sister, Isabel de Warenne, Countess of Arundel, by which he inherited the patronage of Marham Abbey, Norfolk, which abbey was founded by his sister in 1251. In 1282 the king granted him the land of Bromfield and Yale, together with the Castle of Dinas Bran in Denbighshire. In 1290 he was going as the king's envoy to Scotland. In 1291 he was appointed Keeper of Scotland. He defeated the Scots at the Battle of Dunbar 27 April 1296. On 3 Sept. 1296 he was appointed Keeper of the realm of Scotland. In August 1297 the Scots attacked his advance guard, under Henry de Percy, but were repelled; but on 10 Sept. the Earl was defeated with great slaughter at Stirling, and fled to Berwick, which he abandoned and lost. In Dec. 1297 he was appointed Captain of the army to oppose the invading Scots; in Jan. and Feb. 1297/8 he marched into Scotland. He commanded the rear-guard at the Battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298. In 1300 he commanded the second division at the Siege of Caerlaverock. He signed the Barons' letter to Pope Boniface VIII in 1301 as Comes Warenne. SIR JOHN DE WARENNE, 7th Earl of Surrey, died testate at Kennington, near London, about 29 Sept. 1304. He and his wife, Alice, were buried before the high altar at Lewes Priory, Sussex.

==========
Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
JOHN de Warenne (1231 or after-Kennington [Nov] 1304, bur Lewes Priory). The Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire, names (in order) ”Johannes de Garren comes de Garren et Isabella de Aubeni soror eius et comitissa de Arundel” as the children of “Johanni de Garrene comiti de Surrey” and his wife Matilda Marshal of the Earls of Pembroke[1256]. He succeeded his father in 1240 as Earl of Surrey. Henry III King of England agreed that “unam filiarum filiæ...comitis [Sabaudiæ]” would marry “vel Johanni de Warenna qui si vixerit comes erit Warennæ, vel Edmundo de Lacy qui si vixerit comes erit Lincolniæ” by charter dated 1246[1257]. He was one of the guardians of the realm on the death of King Henry III, until the return of Edward I from crusade. He was appointed keeper of the realm of Scotland 3 Sep 1296, but never assumed the post as he was defeated by the Scots at the battle of Stirling[1258]. The Annales Londonienses record the death "circiter festum Exaltationis Sanctæ Crucis…apud Newentone" in 1304 of "comes Warenniæ" and his burial "in ecclesia Sancti Pancratii Lewensi"[1259].

John married de Lusignan, Alice in 1251 in Alnwick, Northumberland, England. Alice (daughter of de Lusignan, Count Hugh X and de Taillefer, Queen of England Isabelle) was born in 1223 in Lusignan, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France; was christened in 1224 in Lusignan, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France; died on 9 Feb 1256 in Lewes, Sussex, England; was buried on 14 Feb 1256 in Lewes Priory (Historical), Lewes, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: L4BD-744

Maud married de Amundeville, Richard in 1270 in Arundel, Sussex, England. Richard was born in 1221 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England; died in 1287 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maud married FitzAlan, Lord John in 1245 in England. John was born between 8 May and 7 Jun 1223 in Arundel, Sussex, England; died on 10 Nov 1267 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Hammer of the Scots
• Appointments / Titles: King of England
• Appointments / Titles: The Best Lance in the World
• Appointments / Titles: The Edward Justian
• Appointments / Titles: The Flower of Chivalry
• Nickname: Longshanks
• FSID: LHWS-PRY
• Occupation: Peerage of England
• Religion: Roman Catholic
• Military: 21 May 1264; Battle of Lewes
• Appointments / Titles: 1265; Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
• Military: 2 Jul 1271, Nazareth, Israel; 7th or 9th Crusade: After capturing Nazareth in 1271, he massacred all the Muslims found within its walls. In retaliation for this savagery, an Assassin with a poisoned dagger stabbed him three times, but his life was saved by his wife's prompt action of sucking the poison from the wounds, and by his vigorous constitution which resisted whatever poison remained in his system. So in 1272 he negotiated and signed a 10 year truce before heading home, which is when he learned of his father’s death. He finally reached England in 1274 and was crowned in Westminster Abbey on August 19th.
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1272 and 1307; Duke of Aquitaine
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1272 and 1307; King of England
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1272 and 1307; Lord of Ireland
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1272 and 1307; Lord of Scotland
• Appointments / Titles: 26 Aug 1274, Westminster, London, England; Coronation as King of England
• Military: Between 1276 and 1277, Wales; Supressed a minor rebellion in Wales.
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1279 and 1281; Count of Ponthieu
• Military: Between 1282 and 1283, Wales; He responded to a second rebellion with a full scale war of conquest. After this success he subjected Wales to English rule, built a series of castles and towns in the country and settled them with English settlers.
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1290 and 1306; Lord of Scotland
• Military: 1293, France; War between England and France broke out in 1293 as a result of the efforts of France to curb Edwards’s power in Gascony. He lost Gascony in 1293 and did not regain it until 1303.
• Military: 1296, Scotland; After invading and conquering Scotland, he declared himself King of that realm.
• Military: 1298, Scotland; In winning the Battle of Falkirk led by Sir William Wallace, he achieved the greatest military triumph of his career, but failed to crush Scottish opposition. Wallace was captured and executed in 1305.

Notes:

Reign 16 November 1272[1] – 7 July 1307
Coronation 19 August 1274
Predecessor Henry III
Successor Edward II
Born 17/18 June 1239 Palace of Westminster, London, England
Died 7 July 1307 (aged 68) Burgh by Sands, Cumberland, England
Burial Westminster Abbey, London, England
Spouse Eleanor of Castile (m. 1254–1290)
Margaret of France (m. 1299–1307)
Issue Eleanor, Countess of Bar
Joan, Countess of Hertford
Alphonso, Earl of Chester
Margaret, Duchess of Brabant
Mary of Woodstock
Elizabeth, Countess of Hereford
Henry
Edward II of England
Thomas, Earl of Norfolk
Edmund, Earl of Kent
House Plantagenet
Father Henry III of England
Mother Eleanor of Provence

Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots (Latin: Malleus Scotorum), was King of England from 1272 to 1307. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons. In 1259, he briefly sided with a baronial reform movement, supporting the Provisions of Oxford. After reconciliation with his father, however, he remained loyal throughout the subsequent armed conflict, known as the Second Barons' War. After the Battle of Lewes, Edward was hostage to the rebellious barons, but escaped after a few months and joined the fight against Simon de Montfort. Montfort was defeated at the Battle of Evesham in 1265, and within two years the rebellion was extinguished. With England pacified, Edward joined the Ninth Crusade to the Holy Land. The crusade accomplished little, and Edward was on his way home in 1272 when he was informed that his father had died. Making a slow return, he reached England in 1274 and was crowned at Westminster on 19 August.

He spent much of his reign reforming royal administration and common law. Through an extensive legal inquiry, Edward investigated the tenure of various feudal liberties, while the law was reformed through a series of statutes regulating criminal and property law. Increasingly, however, Edward's attention was drawn towards military affairs. After suppressing a minor rebellion in Wales in 1276–77, Edward responded to a second rebellion in 1282–83 with a full-scale war of conquest. After a successful campaign, Edward subjected Wales to English rule, built a series of castles and towns in the countryside and settled them with English people. Next, his efforts were directed towards Scotland. Initially invited to arbitrate a succession dispute, Edward claimed feudal suzerainty over the kingdom. In the war that followed, the Scots persevered, even though the English seemed victorious at several points. At the same time there were problems at home. In the mid-1290s, extensive military campaigns required high levels of taxation, and Edward met with both lay and ecclesiastical opposition. These crises were initially averted, but issues remained unsettled. When the King died in 1307, he left to his son, Edward II, an ongoing war with Scotland and many financial and political problems.

Edward I was a tall man for his era, hence the nickname "Longshanks". He was temperamental, and this, along with his height, made him an intimidating man, and he often instilled fear in his contemporaries. Nevertheless, he held the respect of his subjects for the way he embodied the medieval ideal of kingship, as a soldier, an administrator and a man of faith. Modern historians are divided on their assessment of the King: while some have praised him for his contribution to the law and administration, others have criticised him for his uncompromising attitude towards his nobility. Currently, Edward I is credited with many accomplishments during his reign, including restoring royal authority after the reign of Henry III, establishing Parliament as a permanent institution and thereby also a functional system for raising taxes, and reforming the law through statutes. At the same time, he is also often criticised for other actions, such as his brutal conduct towards the Scots, and issuing the Edict of Expulsion in 1290, by which the Jews were expelled from England. The Edict remained in effect for the rest of the Middle Ages, and it would be over 350 years until it was formally overturned under Oliver Cromwell in 1656.

He was involved early in the political intrigues of his father’s reign, which included rebellion by the English Barons. In 1259 he sided with a Baronial Reform Movement, supporting the Provisions of Oxford.

On 24 December 1264 he was forced to deliver the Earldom of Chester into the hands of Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester just before his escape. In late June 1260, Edward, attempting to alleviate Henry's money crisis, by subterfuge under cover of darkness requested admittance into the New Temple of the Knights Templar in London & robbed the treasuries of the city guilds. In June 1263 Prince Edward's foreign Flemish troops burned Bristol; the populace rose up & besieged him & his army in the castle. The Bishop of Worcester, Walter de Cantelou placated the townsfolk by taking Edward's pledge to make peace with de Montfort & the barons (Edward had no intention of honoring his pledge). March 1264 Simon's sons Henry & Bran de Montfort trap Prince Edward at Gloucester Castle, but Edward solemnly avows to Henry (they were extremely close, growing up together) that if Henry grants him a truce he will work with King Henry & Richard of Cornwall to arrange a truce & avoid war. Henry de Montfort was in command, & believed him. Edward was lying through his teeth. As soon as Henry & Bran de Montfort's army were out of sight, Edward seized the town & imposed harsh fines & penalties. On April 5 1264 the defeat at Northampton by Edward of Simon's forces (de Montfort was in London) crippled rebel forces. Northampton defenses had been allowed to decay in the years previous to de Montfort's occupation there, plus the battle was lost due to the treachery of the Prior at St. Andrew's. After the defeat, Edward allowed his army to have their sport on the town, culminating in utter destruction, rapine, murder, etc. of its inhabitants. Some 80 barons & knights were taken prisoner & the rebel army was gutted. The defeat touched off a riot in London (since Londoners were very favorable to Simon) on Apr 9, 1264 in which hundreds, mainly Jews, were slain. In May 1264 Edward looted lands of Robert de Ferrers, the Earl of Derby, & after Derby lost Tutbury Castle, he defected from Simon's support. King Henry meanwhile took Leicester & Nottingham. Simon & Gilbert de Clare attacked Rochester Castle (which surrendered) & besieged the town when Edward approached London so Simon went back to defend it. King Henry & Edward were practicing fierce cruelty by chopping off the nads & feet of all common soldiers captured from de Montfort's army. The Cinque Ports & Dover Castle held fast for Simon, & did not obey Henry & Edward's command for a naval force to attack London. Thwarted, Edward takes Gilbert de Clare's Tonbridge Castle. Simon continued to hold London, but was surrounded by Edward & Henry. In May 1264, the Bishop of Chichester tried to convince Henry III to negotiate, but he refused. The Bishops of London & Worcester (Walter de Cantelou) try to do the same on the eve of the Battle of Lewes; again Henry refuses. At Lewes, Montfort was outnumbered 2:1; Royalist forces numbered some 10,000. Montfort introduced a new strategy to warfare; he established a reserve command to be commanded by him, plus he introduced the concept of the night march. He was thought to be miles away by the Royalist forces on the eve of the battle, but he & his army undertook a night march to focre the battle on May 14, 1264. Henry was utterly taken by surprise, & his garrison lodged at the Priory were in some confusion; however, Edward, who garrisoned his men at Lewes Castle, was able to meet the rebel left flank of greenhorn & untrained Londoners under the command of Nicholas de Segrave. Edward routed them with no care for the "rules" of war in that he & his knights undertook a pursuit miles away from the battle only to slay every man they could find. This was thought caused by the Londoner's steadfast support for Monfort and their animosity toward Henry & especially Edward's mother Queen Eleanor (including the London mob's attack on her barge July 1263). From these beginnings Edward had a lifelong hatred for Londoners. On the eve of the Battle of Lewes, 14 May 1264, after Henry had refused the entreaty of the Bishops of London & Worcester (Walter de Cantelou) to negotiate, Simon formally renounced all allegiance to Henry, & was followed by his men. Including Gilbert de Clare, Hugh le Despenser, Humfrey de Bohun VI "the Younger", John Giffard, Sir John FitzJohn, Nicholas de Segrave, & Robert de Vere. Clare & Vere had the most to lose of any rebel supporters. At the battle itself, the left flank of green & hastily trained but no battle-experience Londoners was under the command of Nicholas de Segrave with 2nd an inexperienced John Giffard; the right flank was commanded by Simon's sons Henry & Guy de Montfort (Bran still being held in captivity at Windsor Castle by Henry) with 2nd Humphrey de Bohun VI "the Younger", the center column was commanded by Gilbert de Clare, 2nded by Sir John FitzJohn, with Simon himself commanding the new reserve force 2nded by Hugh le Despenser. For the Royalists, Henry commanded the center column, Richard of Cornwall commanded the left flank, & Edward commanded the vanguard. Royalist forces outnumbered the rebels by some 2:1 with some 10,000 men. Henry's force was augmented by a Scots force sent by his son in law Alexander III the Glorious, King of Scotland. With Edward were Dafydd ap Gruffydd, Hugh le Bigod, Henry Plantagenet of Almaine, Richard of Cornwall's son (& Edward's cousin & Simon's nephew), & John de Warenne. At the time of the battle, Simon was thought to be miles away, & still unable to ride a horse due to his broken leg. After Edward had absented himself from the field so long (carrying out his vengeance on the Londoners) Simon attacked & obliterated King Henry's force. Henry fled to the Priory. Richard of Cornwall was captured by Gilbert de Clare. When Edward & his men found out, Edward was urged to flee to Pevensey Castle & from there toward France. Edward refused to abandon his father, but the de Lusignans fled the battle, as did John de Warenne, Hugh le Bigod, Dafydd ap Gruddydd & over 300 knights. Only Edward's cousin Henry of Almaine (Richard of Cornwall's son) & Edwards’s household knights remained with him. Edward got through John FitzJohn's surrounding encampment to his father in the priory; Simon then offered a 12 hour truce & accepted their surrender the following morning. Lewes resulted in 2700 known dead (one of every five men). Under the Mise of Lewes, the Oxford Provisions were again reinstated as the law of the land, with an arbitration commission. Under no circumstances could Henry appoint aliens onto his council. Henry's extravagant spending was also to be brought under control & he to live within his means & pay off his enormous debts. A full amnesty was proclaimed for all rebels. No ransoms were to be paid for men captured neither at Lewes nor earlier at Northampton. Edward & Henry of Almaine surrendered themselves as hostages for their fathers' good faith. Edward was confined at Wallingford Castle with Richard of Cornwall. King Henry was lodged securely at the palace of the Bishop of London, In June 1264; Simon called a Parliament, one that included knights & town officials. The effect of Lewes that while Henry was still King, Simon had command of the realm. He also called for the terms of the Chivalric code to cover not only knights, but also commoners & Jews. In October 1264, the Pope (who hated Simon & the English Lords who had refused to succor his (the Pope's) abortive plans for Sicily) formally excommunicated Simon, his sons Henry, Bran & Guy, Gilbert de Clare, Hugh le Despenser, the Mayor of London Thomas Fitz Thomas, & many of their supporters. The Bishops of Worcester, London & Winchester refused to publish the sentence of anathema; the Pope laid England under Interdict Oct 21 1264, but the English clergy continued to support Simon & services & rites of the Church continued to be performed. Fought against and defeated Simon de Montfort (his uncle) in the Battle of Evesham and on 4 August 1265 took back his title with the death of Simon.

He spent much of his reign reforming royal administration and common law. Through an extensive legal inquiry, he investigated the tenure of various feudal liberties, while the law was reformed through a series of statutes regulating criminal and property law. He suppressed corruption in the administration of justice and passed legislation allowing feudal barons and the crown to collect revenues from properties willed to the church. He crushed clerical opposition when Pope Clement V allowed him in 1306 to suspend Archbishop Robert de Winchelsey. Early in his reign he divided the Curis Regis into three courts. 1) The Court of Kings Bench, to deal with criminal offenses reserved for the Kings judgment and with suits in which he was himself concerned; 2) The Court of Exchequer, to deal with all matters touching the Kings revenue; and 3) The Court of Common Pleas, to deal with suits between subject and subject. Edward took care that these courts should administer justice and dismissed judges and many other officials for corruption. He gave Scotland new constitution and representation in English Parliament.
While some historians have praised him for his contribution to the law, others have criticized him for his uncompromising attitude toward his nobility. Accomplishments include: Restoring royal authority after the reign of Henry III, Establishing Parliament as a permanent institution and thereby also a functional system for raising taxes, reforming the law through statutes. His criticisms include: His brutal conduct towards the Scots, and issuing the Edict of Expulsion in 1290 (by which the Jews were expelled from England and would take over 350 yrs before it was overturned in 1656 by Oliver Cromwell).

Family/Spouse: of Castille, Queen of England Eleanor. Eleanor was born in 1241 in Burgos, Burgos, Castilla-Leon, Spain; died on 5 Dec 1290 in Harby, Nottinghamshire, England; was buried on 24 Dec 1290 in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Edward married de France, Marguerite on 8 Sep 1299 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England. Marguerite (daughter of de France, Philip III and de Brabant, Maria) was born in 1279 in Paris, Île-de-France, France; died on 14 Feb 1318 in Marlborough Castle, Marlborough, Wiltshire, England; was buried after 14 Feb 1318 in Greyfriars, London, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: LRQB-GXC

Notes:

Gwladus Ddu
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Gwladus Ddu, ("Gwladus the Dark Eyes"), full name Gwladus ferch Llywelyn (died 1251) was a Welsh noblewoman who was a daughter of Llywelyn the Great of Gwynedd and married two Marcher lords. Sources differ as to whether Gwladus was Llywelyn's legitimate daughter by his wife Joan or an illegitimate daughter by Tangwystl Goch. Some sources say that Joan gave her lands to Gwladus, which suggests, but does not prove, the former. Gwladus is recorded in Brut y Tywysogion as having died at Windsor in 1251.

Marriage
She married firstly, Reginald de Braose, Lord of Brecon and Abergavenny in about 1215, but they are not known to have had a daughter Matilda de Braose. After Reginald's death in 1228 she was probably the sister recorded as accompanying Dafydd ap Llywelyn to London in 1229.

She married secondly, Ralph de Mortimer of Wigmore about 1230. Ralph died in 1246, and their son, Roger de Mortimer, inherited the lordship.

Issue
Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Mortimer, in 1247, married Maud de Braose, by whom he had seven children.
Hugh de Mortimer
John de Mortimer
Peter de Mortimer

References
Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis; Lines 132-C-29, 176B-28

John Edward Lloyd (1911) A history of Wales from the earliest times to the Edwardian conquest (Longmans, Green & Co.)

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Categories: 1251 deaths Women of medieval Wales Welsh royalty 13th-century Welsh people
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Gwladys married de Braose, Baron Reginald in 1215. Reginald (son of de Braose, William III and de Valéry, Lady Maud) was born in 1178 in Bramber, Sussex, England; died on 16 Jun 1228 in Brecon, Breconshire, Wales; was buried after 16 Jun 1228 in Brecon Cathedral, Brecon, Breconshire, Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Gwladys married de Mortimer, Sir Ralph in 1230 in Herefordshire, England. Ralph (son of de Mortimer, Roger and de Ferrers, Lady Isabel Millicent) was born on 22 Feb 1190 in Wigmore Castle, Wigmore, Herefordshire, England; died on 6 Aug 1246 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England; was buried in Wigmore Abbey, Wigmore, Herefordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 7th Earl of Surrey
• Appointments / Titles: 8th Earl of Warren
• Appointments / Titles: Sir Knight
• FSID: LCTG-XCG

William married de Vere, Joan in 1283 in Surrey, England. Joan (daughter of de Vere, Earl Robert and de Sanford, Alice) was born in 1264 in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England; died on 28 Nov 1293 in Lewes, Sussex, England; was buried on 21 Nov 1293 in Lewes Priory (Historical), Lewes, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 7th Earl of Arundel
• Appointments / Titles: Lord
• Appointments / Titles: Lord of Clun
• Appointments / Titles: Lord of Oswestry
• FSID: L5DP-LM7

Notes:

John FitzAlan, 7th Earl of Arundel was an English nobleman. He was also feudal Lord of Clun and Oswestry in the Welsh Marches.

John married de Mortimer, Countess Isabella on 21 May 1260 in Arundel, Sussex, England. Isabella (daughter of de Mortimer, Baron Roger and de Braose, Maud) was born in 1248 in Wigmore Castle, Wigmore, Herefordshire, England; died in 1300 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• House: House of Plantagenet
• FSID: MCT9-W4B

Notes:

Elizabeth of Rhuddlan (7 August 1282 – 5 May 1316) was the eighth and youngest daughter of King Edward I and Queen Eleanor of Castile. Of all of her siblings, she was closest to her younger brother King Edward II, as they were only two years apart in age.

In April 1285 there were negotiations with Floris V for Elizabeth's betrothal to his son John I, Count of Holland. The offer was accepted and John was sent to England to be educated. On 8 January 1297 Elizabeth was married to John at Ipswich. In attendance at the marriage were Elizabeth's sister Margaret, her father, Edward I of England, her brother Edward, and Humphrey de Bohun. After the wedding Elizabeth was expected to go to Holland with her husband, but did not wish to go, leaving her husband to go alone. It is recorded that while in Ipswich the King, in some outburst, threw his daughter's coronet into the fire: a great ruby and a great emerald were supplied by Adam the Goldsmith for stones lost as a result.

After some time traveling England, it was decided Elizabeth should follow her husband. Her father accompanied her, traveling through the Southern Netherlands between Antwerp, Mechelen, Leuven and Brussels, before ending up in Ghent. There, they remained for a few months, spending Christmas with her two sisters Eleanor and Margaret. On 10 November 1299, John died of dysentery, though there were rumours of his murder. No children had been born from the marriage.

On her return trip to England, Elizabeth went through Brabant to see her sister Margaret. When she arrived in England, she met her stepmother Margaret, whom Edward had married while she was in Holland. On 14 November 1302 Elizabeth was married to Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, 3rd of Essex, also Constable of England, at Westminster Abbey.

The children of Elizabeth and Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford were:

1. Margaret de Bohun (born 1302 - died 7 Feb. 1304).
2. Humphrey de Bohun (born c. Oct. 1303 - died c. Oct. 1304).
3. Lady Eleanor de Bohun (17 October 1304 – 1363)
4. John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford (23 November 1306 – 1335)
5. Humphrey de Bohun, 6th Earl of Hereford (6 December c. 1309 – 1361)
6. Margaret de Bohun, 2nd Countess of Devon (3 April 1311 – 1391)
7. William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton (1312–1360).
8. Edward de Bohun (1312–1334), twin of William
9. Eneas de Bohun, (1314 - after 1322); he is mentioned in his father's will
10. Isabel de Bohun (b&d 5 May 1316)

During Christmas 1315, Elizabeth, who was pregnant with her eleventh child, was visited by her sister-in-law, Queen Isabella of France. On 5 May 1316 she went into labour, giving birth to her daughter Isabella. Both Elizabeth and her daughter Isabella died shortly after the birth, and were buried together in Walden Abbey Church, Walden Essex. [1]

[1] Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, Wikipedia.

Elizabeth married de Bohun, Earl Humphrey on 14 Nov 1302 in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England. Humphrey (son of de Bohun, Humphrey) was born in 1276 in Pleshey Castle, Pleshey, Essex, England; died on 16 Mar 1322 in Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, England; was buried after 16 Mar 1322 in Blackfriars (demolished), Pontefract, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: 93ZS-SVW
• Appointments / Titles: 1 Jun 1300; Prince of England
• Appointments / Titles: 16 Dec 1312; 1st Earl of Norfolk
• Appointments / Titles: 10 Feb 1316; 1st Earl Mashall of England
• Will: 18 Aug 1338, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England

Notes:

Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk (1 June 1300 – August 1338), was a younger son of King Edward I (1272-1307) by his wife Margaret of France and was a younger half-brother of King Edward II (1307-1327). He occupied the office of Earl Marshal of England.
Born 1 June 1300 Brotherton, Yorkshire
Died 4 August 1338 (aged 38) Framlingham Castle, Suffolk, England
Burial Bury St Edmunds Abbey, Suffolk
Title 1st Earl of Norfolk
Tenure 1312 – 1338
Known for Younger half-brother of Edward II of England
Years active 1316 – 1338
Wars Second War of Scottish Independence
Battle of Halidon Hill
Offices Earl Marshal
Successor Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk
Spouse(s) Alice Hales
Mary Brewes
Issue Edward of Norfolk
Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk
Alice of Norfolk
Parents Edward I of England
Margaret of France

Early life
Thomas of Brotherton, born 1 June 1300, was the fifth son of Edward I, and the eldest son of his second marriage to Margaret (1279?–1318), the daughter of Philippe III of France (d.1285). He was born at the manor house at Brotherton, Yorkshire, while his mother was on her way to Cawood, where her confinement was scheduled to take place. According to Hilton, Margaret was staying at Pontefract Castle and was following a hunt when she went into labour. The chronicler William Rishanger records that during the difficult delivery his mother prayed, as was the custom at the time, to Thomas Becket, and Thomas of Brotherton was thus named after the saint and his place of birth.

Edward I quickly rushed to the queen and the newborn baby and had him presented with two cradles. His brother Edmund was born in the year after that. They were overseen by wet nurses until they were six years old. Like their parents, they learned to play chess and to ride horses. They were visited by nobles and their half-sister Mary of Woodstock, who was a nun. Their mother often accompanied Edward on his campaigns to Scotland, but kept herself well-informed on their well-being.

His father died when he was 7 years old. Thomas's half-brother, Edward, became king of England and Thomas was heir presumptive until his nephew Edward was born in 1312. The Earldom of Cornwall had been intended for Thomas, but Edward instead bestowed it upon his favourite, Piers Gaveston, in 1306. When Thomas was 10 years old, Edward assigned to him and his brother Edmund, the estates of Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk who had died without heirs in 1306.

Career
In 1312, he was titled "Earl of Norfolk" and on 10 February 1316 he was created Earl Marshal. While his brother was away fighting in Scotland, he was left Keeper of England. He was known for his hot and violent temper. He was one of the many victims of the unchecked greed of the king's new favourite, Hugh Despenser the Younger and his father Hugh Despenser the Elder, who stole some of the young earl's lands. He allied himself with Queen Isabella and Roger Mortimer when they invaded England in 1326, and stood as one of the judges in the trials against both Despensers. When his nephew Edward III reached his majority and took the government into his own hands Thomas became one of his principal advisors. It was in the capacity of Lord Marshal that he commanded the right wing of the English army at the Battle of Halidon Hill on 19 July 1333.

He died about 20 September 1338, and was buried in the choir of the Abbey of Bury St Edmunds.

He was succeeded by his daughter, Margaret, as Countess of Norfolk. She was later created Duchess of Norfolk for life in 1397.

As a son of Edward I of England, he was entitled to bear the coat of arms of the Kingdom of England, differenced by a label argent of three points.

Marriages and issue
He married firstly, before 8 January 1326, Alice de Hales (d. before 12 October 1330), daughter of Sir Roger de Hales of Hales Hall in Loddon in Roughton, Norfolk, by his wife, Alice, by whom he had a son and two daughters:

Edward of Norfolk, who married Beatrice de Mortimer, daughter of Roger de Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, but died without issue before 9 August 1334.
Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk, who married firstly John Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave, and secondly Sir Walter Manny.
Alice of Norfolk, who married Sir Edward de Montagu.
Alice Hales died by October 1330, when a chantry was founded for her soul in Bosham, Sussex.

He married secondly, before 4 April 1336, Mary de Brewes (died 11 June 1362), widow of Sir Ralph de Cobham, (d. 5 February 1326), and daughter of Sir Peter de Brewes (d. before 7 February 1312) of Tetbury, Gloucestershire, by Agnes de Clifford (d. before 1332), by whom he had no surviving issue.

Thomas married Hales, Lady Alice before 8 Jan 1326 in Loddon, Norfolk, England. Alice (daughter of Hales, Sir Roger and Hales, Lady Alice) was born in 1302 in Loddon, Norfolk, England; died before 12 Oct 1330 in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England; was buried after 12 Oct 1330 in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 1st Baron Mortimer
• Appointments / Titles: Wigmore, Herefordshire, England; 6th Lord of Wigmore
• FSID: LD97-5H9

Notes:

Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Mortimer of Wigmore Castle in Herefordshire, was famous and honored knight who was a loyal ally of King Henry III of England. He was at times an enemy, at times an ally, of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales.

Born in 1231, Roger was the son of Ralph de Mortimer and his Welsh wife, Gwladys Ddu, daughter of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth and Joan Plantagenet, daughter of John, King of England.

In 1256 Roger went to war with Llywelyn ap Gruffudd when the latter invaded his lordship of Gwrtheyrnion or Rhayader. This war would continue intermittently until the deaths of both Roger and Llywelyn in 1282. They were both grandsons of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth.

Mortimer fought for the King against the rebel Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, and almost lost his life in 1264 at the Battle of Lewes fighting Montfort's men. In 1265 Mortimer's wife, Maud de Braose helped rescue Prince Edward; and Mortimer and the Prince made an alliance against de Montfort.

In August 1265, de Montfort's army was surrounded by the River Avon on three sides, and Prince Edward's army on the fourth. Mortimer had sent his men to block the only possible escape route, at the Bengeworth bridge. The Battle of Evesham began in earnest. A storm roared above the battle field. Montfort's Welsh soldiers broke and ran for the bridge, where they were slaughtered by Mortimer's men. Mortimer himself killed Hugh Despencer and Montfort, and crushed Montfort's army. Mortimer was awarded Montfort's severed head and other parts of his anatomy, which he sent home to Wigmore Castle as a gift for his wife, Lady Mortimer.

Mortimer took part in Edward I's 1282 campaign against Llewelyn the Last, and was put in charge of operations in mid-Wales. It was a major setback for Edward when Mortimer died in October 1282.
His wife was Maud de Braose, daughter of William de Braose, Lord of Abergavenny by Eva Marshal. Roger Mortimer had married Maud in 1247. She was, like him, a scion of a Welsh Marches family.

Their eight known children were:

Ralph Mortimer, died 10 August 1274, Sheriff of Shropshire and Staffordshire.

Edmund Mortimer, 2nd Baron Mortimer (1251–1304), married Margaret de Fiennes, the daughter of William II de Fiennes and Blanche de Brienne. Had issue, including Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March.

Isabella Mortimer, died 1292. She married (1) John Fitzalan, 7th Earl of Arundel; and (2) Robert de Hastang.

Margaret Mortimer, died 1297. She married Robert de Vere, 6th Earl of Oxford.

Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Mortimer of Chirk, died 1326.

Geoffrey Mortimer, died 1273. He was a knight.

William Mortimer, (c.1259-before June 1297) was hostage for his father in 1264. He was knighted, and married Hawise, daughter and heir of Robert de Mucegros. Died childless.

Iseult de Mortimer died shortly before 4 August 1338. She married Hugh de Audley, Knight and Lord Audley. Their eldest son, Ralph, was a famed knight but died in his youth. The second son, Edmund, was recalled from Oxford University and appointed his father's heir.

Roger Mortimer died on 30th October 1282 and was buried at Wigmore Abbey

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Mortimer%2C_1st_Baron_Mortimer_of_Wigmore

Roger married de Braose, Maud in 1247. Maud (daughter of de Braose, Earl William V and Marshal, Lady Eva) was born in 1224 in Bramber Castle, Bramber, Sussex, England; died on 23 Mar 1301 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England; was buried after 23 Mar 1301 in St Mary the Virgin Churchyard, Elmley Castle, Worcestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Countess
• FSID: MR85-LG8
• Appointments / Titles: 9 Mar 1302; Countess of Arundel

Notes:

Wikipedia info: "Alice de Warenne, Countess of Arundel (15 June 1287 – 23 May 1338) was an English noblewoman and heir apparent to the Earldom of Surrey. In 1305, she married Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel.
Family
Alice, the only daughter of William de Warenne (1256-1286) and Joan de Vere, was born on 15 June 1287 in Warren, Sussex, six months after her father was accidentally killed in a tournament on 15 December 1286. On the death of her paternal grandfather, John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey in 1304, her only sibling John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey succeeded to the earldom. He became estranged from his childless wife and they never reconciled, leaving Alice as the heir presumptive to the Surrey estates and title.

Marriage to the Earl of Arundel
In 1305, Alice married Edmund Fitzalan, 9th Earl of Arundel, the son of Richard Fitzalan, 8th Earl of Arundel and Alice of Saluzzo. He had initially refused her, for reasons which were not recorded; however, by 1305, he had changed his mind and they were wed. They had nine recorded children, and their chief residence was Arundel Castle in Sussex. Arundel inherited his title on 9 March 1302 upon his father's death. He was summoned to Parliament as Lord Arundel in 1306, and was later one of the Lords Ordainers. He also took part in the Scottish wars.

The Earl of Arundel and his brother-in-law John de Warenne were the only nobles who remained loyal to King Edward II, after Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March returned to England in 1326. He had allied himself to the King's favourite Hugh le Despenser, and agreed to the marriage of his son to Despenser's granddaughter. Arundel had previously been granted many of the traitor Mortimer's forfeited estates, and was appointed Justice of Wales in 1322 and Warden of the Welsh Marches in 1325. He was also made Constable of Montgomery Castle which became his principal base.

The Earl of Arundel was captured in Shropshire by the Queen's party. On 17 November 1326 in Hereford, Arundel was beheaded by order of the Queen, leaving Alice de Warenne a widow. Her husband's estates and titles were forfeited to the Crown following Arundel's execution, but later restored to her eldest son, Richard.[citation needed]

Alice died before 23 May 1338, aged 50. Her brother died in 1347 without legitimate issue, thus the title of Surrey eventually passed to Alice's son, Richard."

Alice married Rufford, Thomas Hesketh in 1295. Thomas was born in 1275 in Ormskirk, Lancashire, England; died in 1304 in Gawsworth, Cheshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alice married FitzAlan, Lord Edmund in 1305. Edmund (son of FitzAlan, Lord Richard and of Saluzzo, Countess Alisona) was born on 1 May 1285 in Arundel, Sussex, England; died on 25 Nov 1326 in Hereford, Herefordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: 9HVV-643
• Appointments / Titles: 1289; Eighth Earl of Arundel

Notes:

Richard FitzAlan, 8th Earl of Arundel was an English Norman medieval nobleman. He was the son of John FitzAlan, 7th Earl of Arundel and Isabella Mortimer. He was feudal Lord of Clun and Oswestry in the Welsh Marches. After attaining his majority in 1289 he became the 8th Earl of Arundel, by being summoned to Parliament by a writ directed to the Earl of Arundel. He fought in the Welsh wars, 1288 to 1294, when the Welsh castle of Castell y Bere was besieged by Madog ap Llywelyn. He commanded the force sent to relieve the siege and he also took part in many other campaigns in Wales; also in Gascony 1295-97; and furthermore in the Scottish wars, 1298-1300, and was knighted by King Edward I of England in 1289. He married sometime before 1285, Alice of Saluzzo daughter of Thomas I of Saluzzo. Richard had several castles , but his and Alice's principal residence was Marlborough Castle in Wiltshire. Together they had four children: Edmund Fitzalan, John Fitzalan, a priest, Alice Fitzalan, and Margaret Fitzalan.

Richard FitzAlan, 1st Earl of Arundel[a] (3 February 1267 – 9 March 1302) was an English nobleman and soldier.

Lineage

Arms of d'Aubigny, Earls of Arundel, as blazoned in Charles's Roll of Arms (13th century), for Hugh d'Aubigny, 5th Earl of Arundel (d.1243): Gules, a lion rampant or.[2] These arms were adopted by the family of Fitzalan, successors in the Earldom of Arundel; They were recorded as the arms of Richard FitzAlan, 8th Earl of Arundel (1266-1302) in the Falkirk Roll, Glover's Roll and in the Caerlaverock Poem (1300) and are shown on his seal on the Barons' Letter, 1301. They are today shown in the 4th quarter of the arms of the Duke of Norfolk, of the family of Fitz-Alan Howard,[3] who holds the subsidiary title Earl of Arundel
He was the son of John Fitzalan III and Isabella Mortimer, daughter of Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Wigmore and Maud de Braose. His paternal grandparents were John Fitzalan II[4] and Maud le Botiller.

Richard was feudal Lord of Clun and Oswestry in the Welsh Marches. In 1289 he was created Earl of Arundel.[5]

He was knighted by King Edward I of England in 1289.

Fought in Wales, Gascony & Scotland
He fought in the Welsh wars, 1288 to 1294, when the Welsh castle of Castell y Bere (near modern-day Towyn) was besieged by Madog ap Llywelyn. He commanded the force sent to relieve the siege and he also took part in many other campaigns in Wales; also in Gascony 1295-97; and furthermore in the Scottish wars, 1298-1300.

Marriage and children
He married sometime before 1285, Alice of Saluzzo (also known as Alesia di Saluzzo), daughter of Thomas I of Saluzzo in Italy.[6] Their issue:

Edmund Fitzalan, 2nd Earl of Arundel.
John, a priest.
Alice Fitzalan, married Stephen de Segrave, 3rd Lord Segrave.
Margaret Fitzalan, married William le Botiller (or Butler).
Eleanor FitzAlan, married Henry de Percy, 1st Baron Percy.[b]
Burial
Richard and his mother are buried together in the sanctuary of Haughmond Abbey, long closely associated with the FitzAlan family.

Notes
The Earls of Arundel have been numbered differently depending on whether the claims of the first seven to have been Earls by tenancy are accepted. Richard FitzAlan was the first member of the FitzAlan family to be definitely styled Earl of Arundel. He is therefore counted variously as the 1st, 6th or 8th Earl.[1]
Standard accounts of the Percy family[citation needed] identify Eleanor as the daughter of the "Earl of Arundel". Arrangements for Eleanor's marriage to Lord Percy are found in the recognizance made in 1300 by Eleanor's father, Richard, Earl of Arundel, for a debt of 2,000 marks which he owed Sir Henry Percy.[citation needed] Eleanor was styled as a "kinswoman" of Edward II; once in 1318 and again in 1322 presumably by her descent from Amadeus IV, Count of Savoy who was the brother of Edward II's great-grandmother, Beatrice of Savoy.[citation needed] Eleanor's brothers, Edmund and John were also styled as "kinsmen" of the king.[citation needed] Eleanor's identity is further indicated by the presence of the old and new arms of FitzAlan (or Arundel) at her tomb.[citation needed]

Richard married of Saluzzo, Countess Alisona before 1285. Alisona (daughter of de Saluzzo, Thomas and de Ceva, Luigia) was born in 1269 in Saluzzo, Cuneo, Piemonte, Italy; died on 2 Oct 1292 in Arundel, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: K24L-MWK
• Appointments / Titles: Between 24 Mar 1312 and 1360; 5th Earl of Essex
• Appointments / Titles: Between 24 Mar 1312 and 1360; Earl of Northampton
• Appointments / Titles: 1337; Earl of Northampton creation
• Military: 1339, French Flanders (Historical), Nord, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France; accompanied the King
• Military: 24 Jun 1340, Sluis, Sluis-Aardenburg, Zeeland, Netherlands; Battle of Slyus
• Military: 30 Sep 1342, Morlaix, Finistère, Bretagne, France; Commander at the Battle of Morlaix
• Military: 26 Aug 1346, Crécy, Somme, Picardie, France; Commander at Battle of Crécy
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1349 and 1360; High Sheriff of Rutland
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1349 and 1360; Knight of the Garter
• Occupation: Between 1352 and 1355; Admiral of the Northern Seas, Fleet

Notes:

William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, KG (c. 1312 – 16 September 1360) was an English nobleman and military commander. He was the fifth son of Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford and Elizabeth of Rhuddlan. He had a twin brother, Edward. His maternal grandparents were Edward I of England and his first Queen consort Eleanor of Castile.

William de Bohun assisted at the arrest of Roger Mortimer in 1330, allowing Edward III to take power. After this, he was a trusted friend and commander of the king and he participated in the renewed wars with Scotland.

In 1332, he received many new properties: Hinton and Spaine in Berkshire; Great Haseley, Ascott, Deddington, Pyrton and Kirtlington in Oxfordshire; Wincomb in Buckinghamshire; Longbenington in Lincolnshire; Kneesol in Nottinghamshire; Newnsham in Gloucestershire, Wix in Essex, and Bosham in Sussex.

In 1335, he married Elizabeth de Badlesmere. Her parents Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, and Margaret de Clare had both turned against Edward II the decade before. Elizabeth and William were granted some of the property of Elizabeth's first husband, who had also been Mortimer's son and heir.

William was created Earl of Northampton in 1337, one of the six earls created by Edward III to renew the ranks of the higher nobility. Since de Bohun was a younger son, and did not have an income suitable to his rank, he was given an annuity until suitable estates could be found.

In 1349 he became a Knight of the Garter. He served as High Sheriff of Rutland from 1349 until his death in 1360.

In 1339 he accompanied the King to Flanders. He served variously in Brittany and in Scotland, and was present at the great English victories at Sluys and was a commander at Crécy. His most stunning feat was commanding an English force to victory against a much bigger French force at the Battle of Morlaix in 1342. Some of the details are in dispute, but it is clear that he made good use of pit traps, which stopped the French cavalry.

In addition to being a warrior, William was also a renowned diplomat. He negotiated two treaties with France, one in 1343 and one in 1350. He was also charged with negotiating in Scotland for the freedom of King David Bruce, King of Scots, who was held prisoner by the English.

From the 8 March 1352 to 5 March 1355 he was appointed Admiral of the Northern Seas, Fleet.

Issue
1. Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford (1341–1373)
- Eleanor de Bohun (1366 - October 3, 1399); married Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, youngest son of Edward III; mother of Anne of Gloucester.
- Mary de Bohun (1368–1394); mother of Henry V of England
2. Elizabeth de Bohun (c. 1350–1385); married Richard FitzAlan, 4th Earl of Arundel [1]

[1] William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, Wikipedia

William married de Badlesmere, Countess Elizabeth in 1335 in England. Elizabeth was born in 1313 in Badlesmere Castle, Badlesmere, Kent, England; died on 8 Jun 1356 in Caldecote, Huntingdonshire, England; was buried on 26 Jun 1356 in Blackfriars, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Duchess
• Life Event: Peerage of England
• FSID: 9HKX-8B3
• Appointments / Titles: 1338; Countess of Norfolk
• Appointments / Titles: 1338; Earl Marshall of England
• Appointments / Titles: 29 Sep 1397; Duchess of Norfolk

Notes:

Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk

Spouse(s) John Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave
Sir Walter Mauny
Issue
John de Segrave
John de Segrave (again)
Elizabeth de Segrave
Margaret de Segrave
Thomas Mauny
Anne Mauny
Isabel Mauny
Father Thomas of Brotherton
Mother Alice Hales
Born c.1320
Died 24 March 1399
Buried Grey Friars, London

Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Margaret, in her own right Countess of Norfolk (sometimes surnamed Brotherton or Marshal;[1] c. 1320–24 March 1399), was the daughter and eventual sole heir of Thomas of Brotherton, eldest son of Edward I, by his second marriage. In 1338 she succeeded to the earldom of Norfolk and the office of Earl Marshal.

Family
Margaret (b. about 1320), was the daughter of Thomas of Brotherton and Alice de Hales (d. in or before 1330). Her paternal grandparents were Edward I and Margaret (1279?–1318), daughter of Philippe III of France (d.1285).[2] Her maternal grandparents were Roger de Hales of Hales Hall in Loddon, Roughton, Norfolk and Alice.[3][4] She had a brother and sister:
Edward of Norfolk, who married Beatrice de Mortimer, daughter of Roger de Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, but died without issue before 9 August 1334.[5] Alice of Norfolk, who married Sir Edward de Montagu.[6]

Life
In 1335 aged 15 (the typical age of marriage for maidens of that era), she was married to John Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave, and proceeded to have four children - two sons and two daughters - by him. In 1350, she sought a divorce on the ground that they had been contracted in marriage (in other words betrothed) before she was of marriageable age, and that she had never consented to cohabit with him. She made known her intention of traveling to the continent in order to plead personally with the Pope for a divorce. King Edward III prohibited her from leaving England, but she set off incognito anyway, having taken care to obtain a safe conduct from the King of France.

The following year (1351) Edward III charged her with having crossed the English Channel in contravention of his prohibition.[7] The inquisition, regarding this incident, shows that Margaret unlawfully crossed the Channel and met with a servant of her future husband, Sir Walter de Mauny, who broke his lantern with his foot so she could pass unnoticed and acted as her guardian during her sojourn in France. This incident and the involvement of her future husband's retainer may indicate the real motivation for Margaret seeking a divorce.

The divorce case was ultimately heard by the Pope's auditor, the Dean of St. Hilary's at Poitiers. However, Margaret's first husband died in 1353, before the divorce could be finalized. Shortly thereafter, and just before 30 May 1354, she married Sir Walter de Mauny without the King's licence. They were married 18 years, and had three children before he died at London on 8 or 13 January 1372.[8]

On 29 September 1397, Margaret was created Duchess of Norfolk for life.[8] She died 24 March 1399, and was buried in the choir of Grey Friars in the City of London.[8]

The executors of her will are reported to be John Sileby & Walter fitz Piers, who in 1399 were reported to be attempting to recover money due to her estate.[9]

Marriages and issue
Margaret married firstly, about 1335,[4] John Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave, by whom she had two sons and two daughters:[10]

John de Segrave, who died young.[10]

John de Segrave (d. before 1 April 1353), second of that name, who was contracted to marry Blanche of Lancaster, younger daughter and coheiress of Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster. However the contract was later declared void[11] and Blanche later married John of Gaunt. About 1349, a double marriage was solemnized in which John Segrave married Blanche Mowbray, while John's sister, Elizabeth Segrave, married Blanche Mowbray's brother, John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray, Pope Clement VI having granted dispensations for the marriages at the request of Lancaster, in order to prevent 'disputes between the parents', who were neighbours.[12][13][11]

Elizabeth de Segrave, 5th Baroness Segrave, who married John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray.[11]

Margaret de Segrave, who died young, before 1353.[11]

Shortly before 30 May 1354, Margaret married secondly, and without the King's licence, Sir Walter Mauny,[14] by whom she had a son and two daughters:[11]
Thomas Mauny, who was drowned in a well at Deptford at the age of ten.[11]
Anne Mauny, who married John Hastings, 2nd Earl of Pembroke.[11]
Isabel Mauny, who was living in 1358, but died without issue before 30 November 1371.[11]
Distinction

As her brother had died without issue, she succeeded to the earldom of Norfolk and the office of Earl Marshal at her father's death in 1338. To date, she is the only woman to have held the latter office.

Fictional representations
Margaret is a character in Georgette Heyer's last novel My Lord John, where she is portrayed sympathetically as a kindly though outwardly formidable old lady.

References
1. "Brotherton [Marshal], Margaret". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/53070 (https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F53070) . (Subscription or UK public library membership (https://global.oup.com/oxforddnb/info/freeodnb/libraries/) required.)
2. Waugh 2004.
3. Richardson II 2011, p. 631.
4. Archer II 2004.
5. Richardson II 2011, p. 634.
6. Richardson II 2011, pp. 634-5.
7. Richardson II 2011, pp. 637-8.
8. Richardson II 2011, p. 638.
9. Plea Rolls of the Court of Common Pleas. National Archives; CP 40/555; http://aalt.law.uh.edu/H4/CP40no555/bCP40no555dorses/IMG_0329.htm; first entry
10. Richardson II 2011, p. 639.
11. Richardson II 2011, p. 640.
12. Cokayne 1936, p. 384.
13. Archer I 2004.
14. Sumption 2004.

Sources
Archer, Rowena E. (2004). "Mowbray, John (III), fourth Lord Mowbray (1340–1368)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/19452. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Archer, Rowena E. (2004). "‘Brotherton, Margaret, suo jure duchess of Norfolk (c.1320–1399)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/53070. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Cokayne, George Edward (1936). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday and Lord Howard de Walden. IX. London: St. Catherine Press. pp. 380–5.

Cokayne, George Edward (1949). The Complete Peerage, edited by Geoffrey H. White. XI. London: St. Catherine Press. pp. 609–10.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966349.

Sumption, Jonathan (2004). "Mauny, Sir Walter (c.1310–1372)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/17985. (Subscription or UK public ibrary membership required.)

Waugh, Scott L. (2004). "Thomas, first earl of Norfolk (1300–1338)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27196. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Calendar Inquisitions Miscellaneous, vol. 3, 1937

Calendar of Entries in the Papal Registers: Letters, 4, 1902

Segrave, Charles, The Segrave Family: 1066 to 1935

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Family/Spouse: de Mauny, Gauthier. Gauthier was born in 1310 in England; died on 21 Jan 1372 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married de Segrave, Sir John in 1335 in England. John (son of de Segrave, Sir Stephen and FitzAlan, Lady Alice) was born on 4 May 1315 in Norfolk, England; died on 1 Apr 1353 in Bretby, Derbyshire, England; was buried on 9 Apr 1353 in Chacombe Priory, Chacombe, Northamptonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Nickname: The Good
• FSID: 94RX-T2F
• Occupation: 1265; Treasurer of York
• Appointments / Titles: 1274, Wigmore, Herefordshire, England; 2nd Baron of Wigmore
• Appointments / Titles: 1283; Sir Knight (by King Edward I)
• Military: 1304, Builth, Breconshire, Wales; King's Scottish Campaign, returned to fight in Wales.

Notes:

Edmund Mortimer, 2nd Lord Mortimer (1251 – July 17, 1304) was the second son and eventual heir of Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Mortimer. His mother was Maud de Braose.
As a younger son, Edmund had been intended for clerical or monastic life, and had been sent to study at Oxford University. He was made Treasurer of York in 1265. By 1268 he is recorded as studying Theology in the house of the Archbishop of York. King Henry III showed favour by supplementing his diet with the luxury of venison.

The sudden death of his elder brother, Ralph, in 1274, made him heir to the family estates; yet he continued to study at Oxford. But his father's death eventually forced his departure.
He returned to the March in 1282 as the new Lord Mortimer of Wigmore and immediately became involved in Welsh Marches politics. Together with his brother Roger Mortimer, Baron of Chirk, John Giffard, and Roger Lestrange, he devised a plan to trap Llywelyn ap Gruffudd.
Edmund sent a message to Llewelyn telling him he was coming to Llywelyn's aid and arranged to meet with him at Builth. At Irfon Bridge the Welsh prince became separated from his army. Edmund's brothers secretly forded the river behind Llywelyn's army and surprised the Welsh. In the resulting battle Llywelyn was killed and beheaded. Edmund then sent his brother Roger Mortimer of Chirk to present Llywelyn's severed head to King Edward I of England at Rhuddlan Castle. The head was displayed on the Tower of London as a warning to all rebels.
In return for his services Edmund was knighted by King Edward at Winchester in 1283.

In September 1285, he married Margaret de Fiennes, the daughter of William II de Fiennes and Blanche de Brienne (herself the granddaughter of John of Brienne by his third wife Berenguela of Leon), the family entering the blood royal. Their surviving children were:
1. Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March (25 April 1287 – 29 November 1330) married Joan de Geneville, by whom he had twelve children.
2. Maud Mortimer, married Sir Theobald II de Verdun, by whom she had four daughters, Joan de Verdun, who married John de Montagu (d. August 1317), eldest son and heir apparent of William Montagu, 2nd Baron Montagu; Elizabeth de Verdun, who married Bartholomew de Burghersh, 1st Baron Burghersh; Margaret de Verdun, who married firstly Sir William le Blount of Sodington, Worcestershire, secondly Sir Mark Husee, and thirdly Sir John de Crophill; and (allegedly) Katherine de Verdun.
3. John Mortimer, accidentally slain in a joust by John de Leyburne.
4. Walter Mortimer, a priest, Rector of Kingston.
5. Edmund, a priest, Rector of Hodnet and Treasurer of the cathedral at York.
6. Hugh Mortimer, a priest, Rector of church at Old Radnor.
They also had two daughters who became nuns;
7. Elizabeth and
8. Joan.

Mortimer served in the king's Scottish campaign, and returned to fight in Wales in 1283. He was mortally wounded in a skirmish near Builth, and died at Wigmore Castle.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Mortimer,_2nd_Baron_Mortimer

Edmund married de Fiennes, Margaret in Sep 1285 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England. Margaret (daughter of de Fiennes, Lord William and de Brienne, Blanche) was born in 1269 in Fiennes, Pas-de-Calais, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France; died on 7 Feb 1334 in Wigmore Castle, Wigmore, Herefordshire, England; was buried after 7 Feb 1334 in Wigmore Abbey, Wigmore, Herefordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: 9ZCG-RB5

Notes:

Isabella Mortimer, Lady of Clun and Oswestry was a noblewoman and a member of an important and powerful Welsh Marcher family. Although often overshadowed in modern historiography by her better-known parents, she is now known to have played an important part in her family's struggles against Llywelyn ap Gruffudd and to have helped to secure the frontline at Shropshire in the run-up to English conquest of Wales.

Isabella married Ardene, Ralph in 1273 in England. Ralph was born in 1226 in England; died in DECEASED in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Isabella married Hastang, Sir Robert on 9 Sep 1285 in England. Robert was born in 1247 in Chebsey, Staffordshire, England; died on 8 Apr 1292 in Leamington House, Leamington Hastings, Warwickshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Isabella married FitzAlan, Lord John on 21 May 1260 in Arundel, Sussex, England. John (son of FitzAlan, Lord John and de Botiller, Countess Maud) was born on 14 Sep 1246 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; died on 25 Mar 1272 in Clun, Shropshire, England; was buried in Mar 1272 in Haughmond Abbey, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 10th Earl of Arundel and Surrey
• Appointments / Titles: Knight of the Garter
• Life Event: Peerage of England
• Nickname: Copped Hat
• FSID: KFLJ-T3Q
• Appointments / Titles: 21 Jan 1959; Earl Of Arundel

Richard married Despencer, Countess Isabel on 17 Feb 1320 in King's Chapel, Havering atte Bower, Essex, England. Isabel was born in 1314 in Winchester, Hampshire, England; died on 19 Jan 1371 in Arundel, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Plantagenet, Eleanor of Lancaster on 5 Feb 1344 in Lancashire, England. Eleanor (daughter of Plantagenet, Henry and de Chaworth, Maud) was born on 11 Sep 1318 in Grismond or Grosmont Castle (destroyed), Grosmont, Monmouthshire, Wales; died on 19 Jan 1372 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; was buried after 19 Jan 1872 in Lewes Priory (Historical), Lewes, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: 9CC3-9LL

Alice married de Segrave, Sir Stephen in 1308. Stephen (son of de Segrave, Sir John and de Plessis, Christiana) was born in 1285 in Barton Seagrave, Northamptonshire, England; died on 12 Dec 1325; was buried after 12 Dec 1325 in Chacombe Priory, Chacombe, Northamptonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 9th Earl of Arundel

Edmund married Plantagenet, Alice de Warenne in 1305. Alice (daughter of de Warenne, Earl William II and de Vere, Joan) was born on 22 Jun 1287 in Lewes, Sussex, England; died on 31 May 1338 in Arundel, Sussex, England; was buried after 31 May 1338 in Haughmond Abbey, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Countess of Arundel
• Appointments / Titles: Countess of Surrey
• FSID: L8BX-895
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1376 and 1397; Countess of Arundel
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1376 and 1397; Countess of Surrey

Notes:

Lady Elizabeth de Bohun, Countess of Arundel, Countess of Surrey (c. 1350 – 3 April 1385) was a member of the Anglo-Norman Bohun family, which wielded much power in the Welsh Marches and the English government. She was the first wife of Richard FitzAlan, a powerful English nobleman and military commander in the reigns of Edward III and Richard II. She was the mother of seven of his children, and as the wife of one of the most powerful nobles in the realm, enjoyed much prestige and took precedence over most of the other peers' wives.

Lady Elizabeth de Bohun was born around 1350, the daughter of William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton and Elizabeth de Badlesmere. Her older brother Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford married Joan FitzAlan, a sister of the 11th Earl of Arundel, by whom he had two daughters. Elizabeth had a half-brother, Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March, by her mother's first marriage to Sir Edmund Mortimer.

Her paternal grandparents were Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford and Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, daughter of King Edward I of England and Eleanor of Castile. Her maternal grandparents were Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere and Margaret de Clare.

Lady Elizabeth's parents both died when she was young, her mother having died in 1356, and her father in 1360.

Elizabeth de Bohun died on 3 April 1385 at the age of about thirty-five. She was buried at Lewes in Sussex. Her husband married secondly Philippa Mortimer on 15 August 1390, by whom he had a son: John FitzAlan (1394- after 1397).

Richard FitzAlan was executed by decapitation on 21 September 1397 at Tower Hill Cheapside, London for having committed high treason against King Richard. His titles and estates were attainted until October 1400, when they were restored to his son and heir, Thomas FitzAlan, 5th Earl of Arundel, by the new king, Henry IV, who had ascended to the English throne upon the deposition of King Richard in 1399.

On 28 September 1359, by Papal dispensation, Elizabeth married Richard FitzAlan, who succeeded to the earldoms of Arundel and Surrey upon the death of his father, Richard FitzAlan, 3rd Earl of Arundel in 1376. Their marriage was especially advantageous as it united two of the most powerful families in England. The alliance was further strengthened by the marriage of Elizabeth's brother, Humphrey to FitzAlan's sister Joan.

As the Countess of Arundel, Elizabeth was one of the most important women in England, who enjoyed much prestige, and after the Queen, the Duchesses of Lancaster and York, and the Countess of Buckingham, took precedence over the other noble ladies in the realm.

At the coronation of King Richard II, FitzAlan carried the crown. In the same year, 1377, he was made Admiral of the South and West. The following year, 1378, he attacked Harfleur, but was repelled by the French.
FitzAlan allied himself with the King's uncle Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, who was married to FitzAlan's niece Eleanor de Bohun, who was also Elizabeth's niece. The two men eventually became members of the Council of Regency, and formed a strong and virulent opposition to the King. This would later prove fatal to both men.

Richard and Elizabeth had seven children:
Thomas FitzAlan, 5th Earl of Arundel, Earl of Surrey KG (13 October 1381- 13 October 1415), married 26 November 1405, Beatrice, illegitimate daughter of King John I of Portugal and Inez Perez Esteves. The marriage was childless.
Lady Eleanor FitzAlan (c.1365- 1375), on 28 October 1371, at the age of about six, married Robert de Ufford. Died childless.
Lady Elizabeth FitzAlan (1366- 8 July 1425), married firstly before 1378, Sir William de Montagu, secondly in 1384, Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, by whom she had four children, thirdly before 19 August 1401, Sir Robert Goushill, by whom she had two daughters, and fourthly before 1411, Sir Gerard Afflete. The Howard Dukes of Norfolk descend from her daughter Margaret Mowbray who married Sir Robert Howard. Joan Goushill, daughter from the 3rd marriage, was ancestress of James Madison, 4th President of the U.S.A.
Lady Joan FitzAlan (1375- 14 November 1435), married William de Beauchamp, 1st Baron Bergavenny, by whom she had a son, Richard de Beauchamp, 1st Earl of Worcester and a daughter Joan de Beauchamp, wife of James Butler, 4th Earl of Ormonde.
Lady Alice Fitzalan (1378- before October 1415), married before March 1392, John Cherlton, Lord Cherlton. Had an affair with Cardinal Henry Beaufort, by whom she had an illegitimate daughter, Jane Beaufort.
Lady Margaret FitzAlan (1382- after 1423), married Sir Rowland Lenthall, of Hampton Court, Herefordshire, by whom she had two sons.
Son FitzAlan (his name is given as either Richard or William).

Elizabeth married FitzAlan, Lord Richard IV on 28 Sep 1359 in Derbyshire, England. Richard (son of FitzAlan, Lord Richard and Plantagenet, Eleanor of Lancaster) was born on 2 Apr 1346 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; died on 21 Sep 1397 in London, London, England; was buried after 21 Sep 1397 in Austin Friars, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 5th Baroness of Seagrave
• FSID: K8BY-JWT

Notes:

Direct descendant of Robert de Vere, who signed Magna Carta as surety for King John

Elizabeth married de Mowbray, John III on 25 Mar 1349 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. John (son of de Mowbray, Sir John II and Plantagenet, Lady Joan of Lancaster) was born on 3 Jul 1340 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; was christened on 10 Jul 1340 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; died on 25 Oct 1368 in Thrace, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey; was buried after 25 Oct 1368 in Thrace, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: LY16-VK3
• Appointments / Titles: 1304; 1st Earl of March
• Appointments / Titles: 22 May 1306, Westminster, Middlesex, England; Knighted and granted livery of his full inheritance
• Appointments / Titles: 23 Nov 1316, Ireland; Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
• Life Event: 1322; Roger allegedly escaped to France and arranged the death of King Edward with his mistress, Queen Isabella
• Appointments / Titles: 1327; De facto Ruler of England his mistress Queen Isabella assumed royal powers
• Appointments / Titles: Sep 1328; 3rd Baron Mortimer
• Life Event: Oct 1330; Accused of assuming royal powers and other various high misdemeanours

Notes:

Roger Mortimer, 3rd Baron Mortimer, 1st Earl of March (25 April 1287 – 29 November 1330), was an English nobleman and powerful Marcher lord who gained many estates in the Welsh Marches and Ireland following his advantageous marriage to the wealthy heiress Joan de Geneville, 2nd Baroness Geneville.

In November 1316, he was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. He was imprisoned in the Tower of London in 1322 for having led the Marcher lords in a revolt against King Edward II in what became known as the Despenser War. He later escaped to France, where he was joined by Edward's queen consort Isabella, whom he may have taken as his mistress. After he and Isabella led a successful invasion and rebellion, Edward was deposed; Mortimer allegedly arranged his murder at Berkeley Castle. For three years, Mortimer was de facto ruler of England before being himself overthrown by Edward's eldest son, Edward III. Accused of assuming royal power and other crimes, Mortimer was executed by hanging at Tyburn.

Mortimer, grandson of Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Mortimer and Maud de Braose, Baroness Mortimer, was born at Wigmore Castle, Herefordshire, England, the firstborn of Marcher Lord Edmund Mortimer, 2nd Baron Mortimer, and Margaret de Fiennes. He was born on 25 April 1287, the Feast of Saint Mark, a day of bad omen. He shared this birthday with King Edward II, which would be relevant later in life. Edmund Mortimer was a second son, intended for minor orders and a clerical career, but on the sudden death of his elder brother Ralph, Edmund was recalled from Oxford University and installed as heir.

Like many noble children of his time, Roger Mortimer was betrothed at a young age, to Joan de Geneville (born 1286), the daughter of Sir Piers de Geneville, of Trim Castle and Ludlow. They were married on 20 September 1301 when he was aged fourteen. Their first child was born in 1302.

Through his marriage, Mortimer not only acquired numerous possessions in the Welsh Marches, including the important Ludlow Castle, which became the chief stronghold of the Mortimers, but also extensive estates and influence in Ireland. However, Joan de Geneville was not an "heiress" at the time of her marriage. Her grandfather Geoffrey de Geneville, at the age of eighty in 1308, conveyed most, but not all, of his Irish lordships to Mortimer, and then retired: he finally died in 1314, with Joan succeeding as suo jure 2nd Baroness Geneville.

Mortimer was conveyed to the Tower. Accused of assuming royal power and of various other high misdemeanours, he was condemned without trial and hanged at Tyburn on 29 November 1330, his vast estates forfeited to the crown. His body hung at the gallows for two days and nights in full view of the populace. Mortimer's widow Joan received a pardon in 1336 and survived until 1356. She was buried beside Mortimer at Wigmore, but the site was later destroyed.

The marriages of Mortimer's children (three sons and eight daughters) cemented Mortimer's strengths in the West.

1. Sir Edmund Mortimer knt (1302–1331), married Elizabeth de Badlesmere; they produced Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March, who was restored to his grandfather's title.

2. Margaret Mortimer (1304 – 5 May 1337), married Thomas de Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley

3. Maud Mortimer (1307 – after 1345), married John de Charlton, Lord of Powys

4. Geoffrey Mortimer (1309–1372/6), who inherited the French seigneurie of Couhé as the assigned heir of his grandmother Joan of Lusignan, and founded a branch of the family based in France.

5. John Mortimer (1310–1328)

6. Joan Mortimer (c. 1312 – 1337/51), married James Audley, 2nd Baron Audley

7. Isabella Mortimer (c. 1313 – after 1327)

8. Katherine Mortimer (c. 1314 – 1369), married Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick

9. Agnes Mortimer (c. 1317 – 1368), married Laurence Hastings, 1st Earl of Pembroke

10. Beatrice Mortimer (died 16 October 1383), who married firstly, Edward of Norfolk (died before 9 August 1334), son and heir apparent of Thomas of Brotherton, by whom she had no issue; and secondly, before 13 September 1337, Thomas de Brewes (died 9 or 16 June 1361), by whom she had three sons and three daughters.

11. Blanche Mortimer (c. 1321 – 1347), married Peter de Grandison, 2nd Baron Grandison.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Mortimer,_1st_Earl_of_March

..............................................................

From The Execution of Roger Mortimer by Kathryn Warner (2006):

"Roger Mortimer was a fascinating man who deserves to be much better known. He was intelligent, competent, and ruthless, and, in the end, proof of the adage that power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Power went to his head at least as much as it did to Hugh Despenser's, and he repeated the avaricious and tyrannical mistakes of the previous favorite, and added a few of his own."

"Thanks to Edward III's lack of vindictiveness, however, Roger's descendants thrived in the later fourteenth century. His grandson Roger was restored to the earldom of March in 1354, his great-grandson Edmund married Edward III's granddaughter Philippa of Clarence, and his great-great-grandson Roger was heir to the throne of England in the late 1390s."

Family
Father: Sir Edmund Mortimer, Lord of Wigmore (1251 - 17 Jul 1304)
Mother: Margaret de Fiennes (Aft 1269 - 7 Feb 1333/1334)
Married:

Roger married Joane de Geneville (2 Feb 1285-9 Oct 1356) on the September 1301. She was the daughter of Sir Piers de Geneville and Joan of Lusignan. It was an arrranged marriage and he was only 14 at the time.

Their 12 children (four sons, eight daughters):

Margaret Mortimer (1304 - 5 May 1337). Married Thomas de Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley.
Sir Edmund Mortimer (Abt 1306 - 17 Dec 1331). Married Elizabeth de Badlesmere.
Sir Roger Mortimer ( - ). Married Joan Le Botiller.
Maud Mortimer (1307 - Aft 1345). Married John de Charlton, Lord of Powys.
Geoffrey Mortimer, Lord of Towyth (1309 - Abt 1372/1376). Married Jeanne de Lezay.
John Mortimer (1310 - 1328). He was killed in a tournament at Shrewsbury sometime after 1328.
Joan Mortimer (Abt 1311/1313 - Abt 1337/1351). Married James Audley, 2nd Baron Audley.
Isabella Mortimer (Abt 1311/1313 - Aft 1327)
Catherine Mortimer (1314 - 4 Aug 1369/6 September 1369). Married Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick.
Blanche Mortimer (Abt 1314/1322 - 1347). Married Peter de Grandison, 2nd Baron Grandison.
Agnes Mortimer (Abt 1315/1321 - 25 Jul 1368). Married Laurence Hastings, 1st Earl of Pembroke.
Beatrice Mortimer (Abt 1315/1321 - 16 Oct 1383). Married 1) Edward of Norfolk 2) Thomas de Braose, 1st Baron Braose.

Liaison with: Isabelle de France (Abt 1292 - 22 Aug 1358). No issue

Died:
Hanged, drawn and quartered by order of King Edward III

Roger married de Geneville, Joan 2nd Baroness Geneville on 20 Sep 1301 in Pembridge, Herefordshire, England. Joan was born on 2 Feb 1286 in Ludlow Castle, Ludlow, Shropshire, England; died on 19 Oct 1356 in King's Stanley, Gloucestershire, England; was buried after 19 Oct 1356 in Wigmore Abbey, Wigmore, Herefordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: 9HVV-643
• Appointments / Titles: 1289; Eighth Earl of Arundel

Notes:

Richard FitzAlan, 8th Earl of Arundel was an English Norman medieval nobleman. He was the son of John FitzAlan, 7th Earl of Arundel and Isabella Mortimer. He was feudal Lord of Clun and Oswestry in the Welsh Marches. After attaining his majority in 1289 he became the 8th Earl of Arundel, by being summoned to Parliament by a writ directed to the Earl of Arundel. He fought in the Welsh wars, 1288 to 1294, when the Welsh castle of Castell y Bere was besieged by Madog ap Llywelyn. He commanded the force sent to relieve the siege and he also took part in many other campaigns in Wales; also in Gascony 1295-97; and furthermore in the Scottish wars, 1298-1300, and was knighted by King Edward I of England in 1289. He married sometime before 1285, Alice of Saluzzo daughter of Thomas I of Saluzzo. Richard had several castles , but his and Alice's principal residence was Marlborough Castle in Wiltshire. Together they had four children: Edmund Fitzalan, John Fitzalan, a priest, Alice Fitzalan, and Margaret Fitzalan.

Richard FitzAlan, 1st Earl of Arundel[a] (3 February 1267 – 9 March 1302) was an English nobleman and soldier.

Lineage

Arms of d'Aubigny, Earls of Arundel, as blazoned in Charles's Roll of Arms (13th century), for Hugh d'Aubigny, 5th Earl of Arundel (d.1243): Gules, a lion rampant or.[2] These arms were adopted by the family of Fitzalan, successors in the Earldom of Arundel; They were recorded as the arms of Richard FitzAlan, 8th Earl of Arundel (1266-1302) in the Falkirk Roll, Glover's Roll and in the Caerlaverock Poem (1300) and are shown on his seal on the Barons' Letter, 1301. They are today shown in the 4th quarter of the arms of the Duke of Norfolk, of the family of Fitz-Alan Howard,[3] who holds the subsidiary title Earl of Arundel
He was the son of John Fitzalan III and Isabella Mortimer, daughter of Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Wigmore and Maud de Braose. His paternal grandparents were John Fitzalan II[4] and Maud le Botiller.

Richard was feudal Lord of Clun and Oswestry in the Welsh Marches. In 1289 he was created Earl of Arundel.[5]

He was knighted by King Edward I of England in 1289.

Fought in Wales, Gascony & Scotland
He fought in the Welsh wars, 1288 to 1294, when the Welsh castle of Castell y Bere (near modern-day Towyn) was besieged by Madog ap Llywelyn. He commanded the force sent to relieve the siege and he also took part in many other campaigns in Wales; also in Gascony 1295-97; and furthermore in the Scottish wars, 1298-1300.

Marriage and children
He married sometime before 1285, Alice of Saluzzo (also known as Alesia di Saluzzo), daughter of Thomas I of Saluzzo in Italy.[6] Their issue:

Edmund Fitzalan, 2nd Earl of Arundel.
John, a priest.
Alice Fitzalan, married Stephen de Segrave, 3rd Lord Segrave.
Margaret Fitzalan, married William le Botiller (or Butler).
Eleanor FitzAlan, married Henry de Percy, 1st Baron Percy.[b]
Burial
Richard and his mother are buried together in the sanctuary of Haughmond Abbey, long closely associated with the FitzAlan family.

Notes
The Earls of Arundel have been numbered differently depending on whether the claims of the first seven to have been Earls by tenancy are accepted. Richard FitzAlan was the first member of the FitzAlan family to be definitely styled Earl of Arundel. He is therefore counted variously as the 1st, 6th or 8th Earl.[1]
Standard accounts of the Percy family[citation needed] identify Eleanor as the daughter of the "Earl of Arundel". Arrangements for Eleanor's marriage to Lord Percy are found in the recognizance made in 1300 by Eleanor's father, Richard, Earl of Arundel, for a debt of 2,000 marks which he owed Sir Henry Percy.[citation needed] Eleanor was styled as a "kinswoman" of Edward II; once in 1318 and again in 1322 presumably by her descent from Amadeus IV, Count of Savoy who was the brother of Edward II's great-grandmother, Beatrice of Savoy.[citation needed] Eleanor's brothers, Edmund and John were also styled as "kinsmen" of the king.[citation needed] Eleanor's identity is further indicated by the presence of the old and new arms of FitzAlan (or Arundel) at her tomb.[citation needed]

Richard married of Saluzzo, Countess Alisona before 1285. Alisona (daughter of de Saluzzo, Thomas and de Ceva, Luigia) was born in 1269 in Saluzzo, Cuneo, Piemonte, Italy; died on 2 Oct 1292 in Arundel, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 11th Earl of Arundel
• FSID: L8BX-892

Richard married de Bohun, Countess Elizabeth on 28 Sep 1359 in Derbyshire, England. Elizabeth (daughter of de Bohun, Earl William and de Badlesmere, Countess Elizabeth) was born in 1350 in Derby, Derbyshire, England; died on 3 Apr 1385 in Arundel, Sussex, England; was buried after 3 Apr 1385 in Lewes Priory (Historical), Lewes, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 3rd Baron of Seagrave (by writ)
• Appointments / Titles: 4th Baron of Seagrave (most common)
• Appointments / Titles: 6th Baron of Seagrave (by tenure)
• FSID: K68Y-WNQ

Notes:

John de Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave

Spouse(s) Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk
Issue
John de Segrave
John de Segrave (again)
Elizabeth de Segrave
Margaret de Segrave
Father Stephen Segrave, 3rd Baron Segrave
Mother Alice FitzAlan
Born 4 May 1315
Died 1 April 1353 Repton, Derbyshire
Buried Grey Friars, London

John Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
John Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave (4 May 1315 – 1 April 1353) was an English peer and landowner in Leicestershire and Yorkshire. His family title of Baron Segrave is drawn from a village now spelled Seagrave, which uses a coat of arms similar to that of the barons.

Segrave was the son of Stephen Segrave, 3rd Baron Segrave, and Alice Fitzalan. Little is known of his early life.

About 1335 Segrave married Margaret, daughter and eventual sole heir of Thomas of Brotherton, son of Edward I by his second marriage, by whom he had two sons and two daughters:
John de Segrave, who died young.

John de Segrave (d. before 1 April 1353), second of that name, who was contracted to marry Blanche of Lancaster, younger daughter and coheiress of Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster. However the contract was later declared void. About 1349 a double marriage was solemnized in which John Segrave married Blanche Mowbray, while John's sister, Elizabeth Segrave, married Blanche Mowbray's brother, John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray, Pope Clement VI having granted dispensations for the marriages at the request of Lancaster, in order to prevent 'disputes between the parents', who were neighbours.

Elizabeth de Segrave, 5th Baroness Segrave, who married John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray.

Margaret de Segrave, who died young, before 1353.

A year after the marriage his wife inherited her father's title and estates, becoming in her own right Countess of Norfolk and Earl Marshal of England.

In 1350, Segrave and his wife sought a divorce, arguing that they had been contracted in marriage before Margaret was of age, and that she had never consented. The impetus for this was that Margaret wished to marry Walter Manny, 1st Baron Manny, with whom she was implicated. However, Segrave died at Bretby in Repton, Derbyshire on 1 April 1353, before the divorce had been granted. He was succeeded in the barony by his daughter Elizabeth.

3rd Baron of Segrave of Segrave (by writ) & 6th Baron Segrave (by tenure) ... but populary known as the 4th

References
1. Some Feudal Coats of Arms and Pedigrees. Joseph Foste. r1902. (p.115)
2. Archer II 2004.
3. Richardson II 2011, p. 639.
4. Richardson II 2011, p. 640.
5. Cokayne 1936, p. 384.
6. Archer 2004.
7. Anne Commire, Women in World History (vol. 10, 2000) p. 229
8. Plantagenet Ancestry 2011, p. 638.

Sources
Archer, Rowena E. (2004). "Mowbray, John (III), fourth Lord Mowbray (1340–1368)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/19452. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Archer, Rowena E. (2004). "‘Brotherton, Margaret, suo jure duchess of Norfolk (c.1320–1399)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/53070. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Cokayne, George Edward (1936). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday and Lord Howard de Walden. IX. London: St. Catherine Press. pp. 380–5.

Cokayne, George Edward (1949). The Complete Peerage, edited by Geoffrey H. White. XI. London: St. Catherine Press. pp. 609–10.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=John_Segrave,_4th_Baron_Segrave&oldid=763588239"
Categories: 1315 births 1353 deaths Barons Segrave
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John married de Brotherton, Margaret in 1335 in England. Margaret (daughter of of Brotherton, Earl Thomas and Hales, Lady Alice) was born in 1320 in Brotherton, Yorkshire, England; died on 24 Mar 1399 in England; was buried on 1 Apr 1399 in Greyfriars, London, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 10th Earl of Arundel and Surrey
• Appointments / Titles: Knight of the Garter
• Life Event: Peerage of England
• Nickname: Copped Hat
• FSID: KFLJ-T3Q
• Appointments / Titles: 21 Jan 1959; Earl Of Arundel

Richard married Despencer, Countess Isabel on 17 Feb 1320 in King's Chapel, Havering atte Bower, Essex, England. Isabel was born in 1314 in Winchester, Hampshire, England; died on 19 Jan 1371 in Arundel, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Plantagenet, Eleanor of Lancaster on 5 Feb 1344 in Lancashire, England. Eleanor (daughter of Plantagenet, Henry and de Chaworth, Maud) was born on 11 Sep 1318 in Grismond or Grosmont Castle (destroyed), Grosmont, Monmouthshire, Wales; died on 19 Jan 1372 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; was buried after 19 Jan 1872 in Lewes Priory (Historical), Lewes, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Baroness FitaAlan
• Appointments / Titles: Duchess
• Appointments / Titles: Duchess of Norfolk
• FSID: LRF9-PX3

Notes:

Elizabeth Fitzalan, Duchess of Norfolk
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Lady Elizabeth Fitzalan, Duchess of Norfolk (1366 – 8 July 1425)[1] was an English noblewoman and the wife of Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk. Through her eldest daughter, Lady Margaret Mowbray, Elizabeth was an ancestress of Queens consort Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, and the Howard Dukes of Norfolk. Her other notable descendants include Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk; Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby; Sir Thomas Wyatt, the younger; and Lady Jane Grey (by both parents).

Marriages and children
Lady Elizabeth was born in Derbyshire, England, a daughter of Richard Fitzalan, 11th Earl of Arundel and his first wife Elizabeth de Bohun, daughter of William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton and Elizabeth de Badlesmere.

Elizabeth had four husbands and at least six children:
1) Sir William Montacute, the eldest son of William de Montagu, 2nd Earl of Salisbury (before December1378).
2) Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk (1384)
3) Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk (b. 17 September 1385)
4) Margaret de Mowbray (b. 1388), married Sir Robert Howard (1385 - 1436), and from this marriage descended Queens consort Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, and the Howard Dukes of Norfolk.
5)John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk (b. 1392)
60 Isabel de Mowbray (b.1400), married James Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley
Sir Robert Goushill or Gousell of Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire (before 18 August 1401)
1) Elizabeth Goushill or Gousell (1404-1491), wife of Sir Robert Wingfield of Letheringham, Suffolk (1403-between 6 October 1452 and 21 November 1454), they were great-grandparents to Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk.
2) Joan or Jean Goushill or Gousell (b. 1409), wife of Thomas Stanley, 1st Baron Stanley, King of Mann, and parents of Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby.
3) Sir Gerald or Gerard Afflete (before 1411)

She died 8 July 1425 in Wighill, Yorkshire, England, and was buried with her third husband in the Goushill tomb in St Michael's Church, Hoveringham, Thurgarton Hundred, Nottinghamshire, England.

References
1. Memorials of the Order of the Garter from Its Foundation to the Present ... By Geogre Frederick p. 298 (https://www.google.com/books?id=4xwNAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA2-PA298&dq=%22Elizabeth+Fitzalan%22&as_brr=0&ei=No0pR_KsA6jA7AKJh_DoDg) accessed 1 November 2007

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Fitzalan,_Duchess_of_Norfolk&oldid=758564223"
Categories: 1366 births 1425 deaths People from Derbyshire Daughters of British earls
Women of medieval England English duchesses by marriage Disease-related deaths in England
This page was last edited on 6 January 2017, at 05:21.
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Elizabeth married Goushill, Sir Robert on 28 Aug 1401. Robert was born in 1350 in Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire, England; died on 21 Jul 1403 in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England; was buried after 21 Jul 1403 in St Michael Churchyard, Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married de Mowbray, Thomas in 1384 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England. Thomas (son of de Mowbray, John III and de Segrave, Baroness Elizabeth) was born on 22 Mar 1367 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; died on 22 Sep 1399 in Venice, Venezia, Veneto, Italy; was buried after 22 Sep 1399 in Venice, Venezia, Veneto, Italy. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Knight of the Garter
• Appointments / Titles: Lord Duke
• FSID: LHTZ-3WG
• Appointments / Titles: 10 Feb 1383; 6th Lord of Mowbray
• Appointments / Titles: 12 Feb 1383; 1st Earl of Nottingham
• Appointments / Titles: 30 Jun 1385; Earl Marshall of England
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1389 and 1399; Warden of the East March
• Appointments / Titles: 29 Sep 1397; 1st Duke of Norfolk

Notes:

Thomas de Mowbray , 1st Duke of Norfolk

Spouse(s) Elizabeth le Strange
Elizabeth Arundel
Issue Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk
John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk
Elizabeth Mowbray
Isabel Mowbray
Margaret Mowbray
Father John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray
Mother Elizabeth de Segrave
Born 22 March 1367 or 1368
Died 22 September 1399 (aged 31 or 32)vVenice, Republic of Venice
Buried Venice, Italy

Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, KG, Earl Marshal (22 March 1367 or 1368 – 22 September 1399) was an English peer. As a result of his involvement in the power struggles which led up to the fall of Richard II, he was banished and died in exile in Venice.

Origins
Mowbray was the second son of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray, and Elizabeth de Segrave, suo jure Lady Segrave, daughter and heiress of John de Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave, by Margaret, daughter and heiress of Thomas of Brotherton, son of Edward I.[1] He had an elder brother, John de Mowbray, 1st Earl of Nottingham, and three sisters, Eleanor, Margaret and Joan (for details concerning his siblings see the article on his father, John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray).

Career
In April 1372, custody of both Thomas and his elder brother, John, was granted to Blanche Wake, a sister of their grandmother, Joan of Lancaster.[2] On 10 February 1383, he succeeded his elder brother, John Mowbray, 1st Earl of Nottingham, as Baron Mowbray and Segrave, and was created Earl of Nottingham on 12 February 1383.[3] On 30 June 1385 he was created Earl Marshal for life, and on 12 January 1386 he was granted the office in tail male.[4][a] He fought against the Scots and then against the French. He was appointed Warden of the East March towards Scotland in 1389, a position he held until his death.

He was one of the Lords Appellant to King Richard II who deposed some of the King's court favourites in 1387. He worked his way back into the king's good graces, however, and was likely instrumental in the murder, in 1397, of the king's uncle (and senior Lord Appellant), Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, who was imprisoned at Calais, where Nottingham was Captain. In gratitude, on 29 September 1397, the king created him Duke of Norfolk.[4][3]

In 1398, Norfolk quarreled with Henry of Bolingbroke, 1st Duke of Hereford (later King Henry IV), apparently due to mutual suspicions stemming from their roles in the conspiracy against the Duke of Gloucester. Before a duel between them could take place, Richard II banished them both. Mowbray left England on 19 October 1398.[6] While in exile, he succeeded as Earl of Norfolk when his grandmother, Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk, died on 24 March 1399.[6] He died of the plague at Venice on 22 September 1399.[3] Bolingbroke returned to England in 1399 and usurped the crown on 30 September 1399; shortly afterward, on 6 October 1399, the creation of Mowbray as Duke of Norfolk was annulled by Parliament, although Mowbray's heir retained his other titles.[6][3]

Arms of Mowbray
The traditional, and historic arms for the Mowbray family are "Gules, a lion rampant argent". Although it is certain that these arms are differenced by various devices, this primary blazon applies to all the family arms, including their peerages at Norfolk. They are never indicated to bear the arms of Thomas Brotherton, nor any other English Royal Arms.

Sir Bernard Burkes, C.B., LL.D.,Ulster King of Arms, in his book 'A General Armory of England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland', 1884, page 713, provides the following detailed listing of the Mowbray/Norfolk arms: "Mowbray (Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Nottingham, Earl of Warren and Surrey, Earl Marshal of England, and Baron Mowbray: dukedom and earldoms extinct 1475, when the barony fell into abeyance. The Mowbrays descended from Roger de Mowbray, son of Nigel d'Albini, who, possessing the lands of Mowbray [Montbray], assumed that surname by command of Henry I., his descendant, Roger de Mowbray, was summoned to Parliament 1295, the fifth baron was created Earl of Nottingham, 1377, d.s.p., his brother, the sixth Baron, was re-created Earl of Nottingham, 1383, constituted Earl Marshal, and created Duke of Norfolk, 139G, the fourth duke was created Earl of Warren and Surrey, vita patris, and d. without surviving issue, when all his honours became extinct except the barony, which fell into abeyance among the descendants of the daus. of the first Duke, of whom Lady Isabel is represented by the Earl of Berkeley, and Lady Margaret by the Lords Stourton and Pttre, as heirs general, and by the Duke of Norfolk, as heir male). Gu. a lion ramp. ar.

Crest—A leopard or, ducally gorged ar.; granted by patent to the first duke, 17 Richard II. [1377 – 1399], which acknowledges his right to bear for his crest " a golden leopard with a white label," the crest of his maternal ancestor, Thomas Plantagenet, of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk, and grants the coronet instead of the label, which would of right belong to the King's son.

Marriages and issue
He married firstly, after 20 February 1383, Elizabeth le Strange (c. 6 December 1373 – 23 August 1383), suo jure Lady Strange of Blackmere, daughter and heiress of John le Strange, 5th Baron Strange of Blackmere, by Isabel Beauchamp, daughter of Thomas Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick, by whom he had no issue.[3]

He married secondly Elizabeth Arundel (c.1372 – 8 July 1425), widow of Sir William Montagu, and daughter of Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel, by Elizabeth Bohun, daughter of William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, by whom he had two sons and three daughters:[3]

Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk.[7]
John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk.[7]
Elizabeth Mowbray, who married Michael de la Pole, 3rd Earl of Suffolk.[7]
Margaret Mowbray, who married firstly Sir Robert Howard, by whom she was the mother of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and secondly Sir John Grey of Ruthin, Derbyshire.[7]
Isabel Mowbray; married firstly Sir Henry Ferrers, son of 5th Baron Ferrers of Groby, and secondly James Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley.[7]

Shakespeare
Mowbray's quarrel with Bolingbroke and subsequent banishment are depicted in the opening scene of Shakespeare's Richard II.[8] Thomas Mowbray (as he is called in the play) prophetically replies to King Richard's "Lions make leopards tame" with the retort, "Yea, but not change his spots." Mowbray's death in exile is announced later in the play by the Bishop of Carlisle.

Notes
a. Cockayne gives the year 1385 as when he was created Earl Marshal. Round, howev,e prrovides that he was granted the office of Marshal of England in 1385 but only formally received the title of Earl Marshal i1n386. [5]

Citations
1. Richardson III 2011, pp. 206-7.
2. Cokayne 1936, p. 780.
3. Richardson III 2011, p. 208.
4. Cokayne 1936, p. 385.
5. Round 1899, pp. 314-315.
6. Cokayne 1936, p. 603.
7. Richardson III 2011, p. 2010.
8. McConnell, Louise (2000).D ictionary of Shakespeare, p. 194. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn PublishersI. SBN 1-57958-215-X.

References
Cokayne, George Edward (1936). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday and Lord Howard de Walden. IX. London: St. Catherine Press.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966381.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. IV (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1460992709.

Round, J.H. (1899). Commune of London and Other Studies.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_de_Mowbray,_1st_Duke_of_Norfolk&oldid=785851946"
Categories: 1360s births 1399 deaths Earls Marshal Dukes of Norfolk Earls of Norfolk (1312)
Earls of Nottingham Barons Mowbray Barons Segrave Knights of the Garter
14th-century deaths from plague (disease) 14th-century English people Male Shakespearean characters
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He was the first Duke of Norfolk, Earl Of Nottingham, Earl Marshal. A close relative of Richard II. Thomas fell foul of the king and was banished for life in 1398, dying in Venice in 1399,aged 33. He had married Elizabeth Fitzaian, daughter of Richard Fitzalan, Earl of Arundel. Thomas appears in Shakespeare's "King Richard II"

Find A Grave Memorial# 131795154. Taken from Findagrave website created by Kat: "Sir John was the elder son of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray, and Elizabeth Segrave.
He had a younger brother, Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and three sisters, Eleanor, Margaret and Joan.
After the deaths of his parents he became Baron Segrave and Baron Mowbray.
John and his brother Thomas was granted to their great aunt Blanche Wake, a sister of their grandmother, Joan of Lancaster.
He was knighted on April 23, 1377 with the future Richard II and the future Henry IV when the two noblemen were made Knights of the Bath.
John was created Earl of Nottingham, on July 16 1377, when Richard II was crowned. As joint tenants of the estates of William Beauchamp of Bedford, he and William Latimer, 4th Baron Latimer successfully claimed the right to serve as Almoner at the coronation.
John died before February 12, 1383, aged seventeen and unmarried, and was buried at the Whitefriars in Fleet Street, London. The earldom of Nottingham became extinct at his death. He was succeeded in the barony of Mowbray by his younger brother, Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, who became Earl of Nottingham on January 12, 1386 by a new creation of the earldom."

m. (ante 1368) Sir John Welles, 5th Baron Welles (p. John Welles and Maud Roos). Issue:
* Eudes (or Ives) married Maud Greystoke
* Eleanor m.1 Sir Hugh Poynings; m.2 Sir Godfrey Hilton

Thomas married FitzAlan, Elizabeth in 1384 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England. Elizabeth (daughter of FitzAlan, Lord Richard IV and de Bohun, Countess Elizabeth) was born on 8 Jul 1366 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; died on 8 Jul 1425 in Wighill, Yorkshire, England; was buried on 17 Jul 1425 in St Michael Churchyard, Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thomas married le Strange, Elizabeth after 20 Feb 1383 in England. Elizabeth was born on 22 Dec 1373 in Chawton, Hampshire, England; died on 14 Sep 1383 in Chawton, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Baroness Audley
• FSID: L4SX-76T
• Name: Joan de Mortimer
• Religion: Nun
• Birth: 1317

Family/Spouse: de Audley, Sir James. James was born on 11 Jan 1316 in Dartington, Devon, England; was christened in Kneesall, Nottinghamshire, England; died on 9 Apr 1386 in Heleigh Castle, Madeley, Staffordshire, England; was buried after 9 Apr 1386 in Hulton Abbey, Abbey Hulton, Staffordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: 9CC3-9LL

Alice married de Segrave, Sir Stephen in 1308. Stephen (son of de Segrave, Sir John and de Plessis, Christiana) was born in 1285 in Barton Seagrave, Northamptonshire, England; died on 12 Dec 1325; was buried after 12 Dec 1325 in Chacombe Priory, Chacombe, Northamptonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 9th Earl of Arundel

Edmund married Plantagenet, Alice de Warenne in 1305. Alice (daughter of de Warenne, Earl William II and de Vere, Joan) was born on 22 Jun 1287 in Lewes, Sussex, England; died on 31 May 1338 in Arundel, Sussex, England; was buried after 31 May 1338 in Haughmond Abbey, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 5th Baroness of Seagrave
• FSID: K8BY-JWT

Notes:

Direct descendant of Robert de Vere, who signed Magna Carta as surety for King John

Elizabeth married de Mowbray, John III on 25 Mar 1349 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. John (son of de Mowbray, Sir John II and Plantagenet, Lady Joan of Lancaster) was born on 3 Jul 1340 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; was christened on 10 Jul 1340 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; died on 25 Oct 1368 in Thrace, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey; was buried after 25 Oct 1368 in Thrace, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 11th Earl of Arundel
• FSID: L8BX-892

Richard married de Bohun, Countess Elizabeth on 28 Sep 1359 in Derbyshire, England. Elizabeth (daughter of de Bohun, Earl William and de Badlesmere, Countess Elizabeth) was born in 1350 in Derby, Derbyshire, England; died on 3 Apr 1385 in Arundel, Sussex, England; was buried after 3 Apr 1385 in Lewes Priory (Historical), Lewes, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Countess of Nottingham
• Appointments / Titles: Duchess
• Appointments / Titles: Duchess of Norfolk
• FSID: LRX9-J3F
• Alternate Death: 17 Jul 1425, Stringston, Somerset, England

Margaret married Howard, Sir Robert in 1410 in Norfolk, England. Robert (son of Howard, John and Tendring, Alice) was born in 1383 in Forncett Manor, Forncett, Norfolk, England; died in 1437 in Suffolk, England; was buried in Apr 1437 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: LQYK-CM9

Joan married Touchet, Sir John in 1350 in Markeaton, Derbyshire, England. John (son of Touchet, Sir Robert and Touchet, Mrs Agnes) was born on 10 Aug 1327 in Markeaton, Derbyshire, England; died on 8 Jul 1371 in Heleigh Castle, Madeley, Staffordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 3rd Baron of Seagrave (by writ)
• Appointments / Titles: 4th Baron of Seagrave (most common)
• Appointments / Titles: 6th Baron of Seagrave (by tenure)
• FSID: K68Y-WNQ

Notes:

John de Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave

Spouse(s) Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk
Issue
John de Segrave
John de Segrave (again)
Elizabeth de Segrave
Margaret de Segrave
Father Stephen Segrave, 3rd Baron Segrave
Mother Alice FitzAlan
Born 4 May 1315
Died 1 April 1353 Repton, Derbyshire
Buried Grey Friars, London

John Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
John Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave (4 May 1315 – 1 April 1353) was an English peer and landowner in Leicestershire and Yorkshire. His family title of Baron Segrave is drawn from a village now spelled Seagrave, which uses a coat of arms similar to that of the barons.

Segrave was the son of Stephen Segrave, 3rd Baron Segrave, and Alice Fitzalan. Little is known of his early life.

About 1335 Segrave married Margaret, daughter and eventual sole heir of Thomas of Brotherton, son of Edward I by his second marriage, by whom he had two sons and two daughters:
John de Segrave, who died young.

John de Segrave (d. before 1 April 1353), second of that name, who was contracted to marry Blanche of Lancaster, younger daughter and coheiress of Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster. However the contract was later declared void. About 1349 a double marriage was solemnized in which John Segrave married Blanche Mowbray, while John's sister, Elizabeth Segrave, married Blanche Mowbray's brother, John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray, Pope Clement VI having granted dispensations for the marriages at the request of Lancaster, in order to prevent 'disputes between the parents', who were neighbours.

Elizabeth de Segrave, 5th Baroness Segrave, who married John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray.

Margaret de Segrave, who died young, before 1353.

A year after the marriage his wife inherited her father's title and estates, becoming in her own right Countess of Norfolk and Earl Marshal of England.

In 1350, Segrave and his wife sought a divorce, arguing that they had been contracted in marriage before Margaret was of age, and that she had never consented. The impetus for this was that Margaret wished to marry Walter Manny, 1st Baron Manny, with whom she was implicated. However, Segrave died at Bretby in Repton, Derbyshire on 1 April 1353, before the divorce had been granted. He was succeeded in the barony by his daughter Elizabeth.

3rd Baron of Segrave of Segrave (by writ) & 6th Baron Segrave (by tenure) ... but populary known as the 4th

References
1. Some Feudal Coats of Arms and Pedigrees. Joseph Foste. r1902. (p.115)
2. Archer II 2004.
3. Richardson II 2011, p. 639.
4. Richardson II 2011, p. 640.
5. Cokayne 1936, p. 384.
6. Archer 2004.
7. Anne Commire, Women in World History (vol. 10, 2000) p. 229
8. Plantagenet Ancestry 2011, p. 638.

Sources
Archer, Rowena E. (2004). "Mowbray, John (III), fourth Lord Mowbray (1340–1368)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/19452. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Archer, Rowena E. (2004). "‘Brotherton, Margaret, suo jure duchess of Norfolk (c.1320–1399)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/53070. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Cokayne, George Edward (1936). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday and Lord Howard de Walden. IX. London: St. Catherine Press. pp. 380–5.

Cokayne, George Edward (1949). The Complete Peerage, edited by Geoffrey H. White. XI. London: St. Catherine Press. pp. 609–10.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=John_Segrave,_4th_Baron_Segrave&oldid=763588239"
Categories: 1315 births 1353 deaths Barons Segrave
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John married de Brotherton, Margaret in 1335 in England. Margaret (daughter of of Brotherton, Earl Thomas and Hales, Lady Alice) was born in 1320 in Brotherton, Yorkshire, England; died on 24 Mar 1399 in England; was buried on 1 Apr 1399 in Greyfriars, London, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 10th Earl of Arundel and Surrey
• Appointments / Titles: Knight of the Garter
• Life Event: Peerage of England
• Nickname: Copped Hat
• FSID: KFLJ-T3Q
• Appointments / Titles: 21 Jan 1959; Earl Of Arundel

Richard married Despencer, Countess Isabel on 17 Feb 1320 in King's Chapel, Havering atte Bower, Essex, England. Isabel was born in 1314 in Winchester, Hampshire, England; died on 19 Jan 1371 in Arundel, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Plantagenet, Eleanor of Lancaster on 5 Feb 1344 in Lancashire, England. Eleanor (daughter of Plantagenet, Henry and de Chaworth, Maud) was born on 11 Sep 1318 in Grismond or Grosmont Castle (destroyed), Grosmont, Monmouthshire, Wales; died on 19 Jan 1372 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; was buried after 19 Jan 1872 in Lewes Priory (Historical), Lewes, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Knight of the Garter
• Appointments / Titles: Lord Duke
• FSID: LHTZ-3WG
• Appointments / Titles: 10 Feb 1383; 6th Lord of Mowbray
• Appointments / Titles: 12 Feb 1383; 1st Earl of Nottingham
• Appointments / Titles: 30 Jun 1385; Earl Marshall of England
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1389 and 1399; Warden of the East March
• Appointments / Titles: 29 Sep 1397; 1st Duke of Norfolk

Notes:

Thomas de Mowbray , 1st Duke of Norfolk

Spouse(s) Elizabeth le Strange
Elizabeth Arundel
Issue Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk
John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk
Elizabeth Mowbray
Isabel Mowbray
Margaret Mowbray
Father John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray
Mother Elizabeth de Segrave
Born 22 March 1367 or 1368
Died 22 September 1399 (aged 31 or 32)vVenice, Republic of Venice
Buried Venice, Italy

Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, KG, Earl Marshal (22 March 1367 or 1368 – 22 September 1399) was an English peer. As a result of his involvement in the power struggles which led up to the fall of Richard II, he was banished and died in exile in Venice.

Origins
Mowbray was the second son of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray, and Elizabeth de Segrave, suo jure Lady Segrave, daughter and heiress of John de Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave, by Margaret, daughter and heiress of Thomas of Brotherton, son of Edward I.[1] He had an elder brother, John de Mowbray, 1st Earl of Nottingham, and three sisters, Eleanor, Margaret and Joan (for details concerning his siblings see the article on his father, John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray).

Career
In April 1372, custody of both Thomas and his elder brother, John, was granted to Blanche Wake, a sister of their grandmother, Joan of Lancaster.[2] On 10 February 1383, he succeeded his elder brother, John Mowbray, 1st Earl of Nottingham, as Baron Mowbray and Segrave, and was created Earl of Nottingham on 12 February 1383.[3] On 30 June 1385 he was created Earl Marshal for life, and on 12 January 1386 he was granted the office in tail male.[4][a] He fought against the Scots and then against the French. He was appointed Warden of the East March towards Scotland in 1389, a position he held until his death.

He was one of the Lords Appellant to King Richard II who deposed some of the King's court favourites in 1387. He worked his way back into the king's good graces, however, and was likely instrumental in the murder, in 1397, of the king's uncle (and senior Lord Appellant), Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, who was imprisoned at Calais, where Nottingham was Captain. In gratitude, on 29 September 1397, the king created him Duke of Norfolk.[4][3]

In 1398, Norfolk quarreled with Henry of Bolingbroke, 1st Duke of Hereford (later King Henry IV), apparently due to mutual suspicions stemming from their roles in the conspiracy against the Duke of Gloucester. Before a duel between them could take place, Richard II banished them both. Mowbray left England on 19 October 1398.[6] While in exile, he succeeded as Earl of Norfolk when his grandmother, Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk, died on 24 March 1399.[6] He died of the plague at Venice on 22 September 1399.[3] Bolingbroke returned to England in 1399 and usurped the crown on 30 September 1399; shortly afterward, on 6 October 1399, the creation of Mowbray as Duke of Norfolk was annulled by Parliament, although Mowbray's heir retained his other titles.[6][3]

Arms of Mowbray
The traditional, and historic arms for the Mowbray family are "Gules, a lion rampant argent". Although it is certain that these arms are differenced by various devices, this primary blazon applies to all the family arms, including their peerages at Norfolk. They are never indicated to bear the arms of Thomas Brotherton, nor any other English Royal Arms.

Sir Bernard Burkes, C.B., LL.D.,Ulster King of Arms, in his book 'A General Armory of England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland', 1884, page 713, provides the following detailed listing of the Mowbray/Norfolk arms: "Mowbray (Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Nottingham, Earl of Warren and Surrey, Earl Marshal of England, and Baron Mowbray: dukedom and earldoms extinct 1475, when the barony fell into abeyance. The Mowbrays descended from Roger de Mowbray, son of Nigel d'Albini, who, possessing the lands of Mowbray [Montbray], assumed that surname by command of Henry I., his descendant, Roger de Mowbray, was summoned to Parliament 1295, the fifth baron was created Earl of Nottingham, 1377, d.s.p., his brother, the sixth Baron, was re-created Earl of Nottingham, 1383, constituted Earl Marshal, and created Duke of Norfolk, 139G, the fourth duke was created Earl of Warren and Surrey, vita patris, and d. without surviving issue, when all his honours became extinct except the barony, which fell into abeyance among the descendants of the daus. of the first Duke, of whom Lady Isabel is represented by the Earl of Berkeley, and Lady Margaret by the Lords Stourton and Pttre, as heirs general, and by the Duke of Norfolk, as heir male). Gu. a lion ramp. ar.

Crest—A leopard or, ducally gorged ar.; granted by patent to the first duke, 17 Richard II. [1377 – 1399], which acknowledges his right to bear for his crest " a golden leopard with a white label," the crest of his maternal ancestor, Thomas Plantagenet, of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk, and grants the coronet instead of the label, which would of right belong to the King's son.

Marriages and issue
He married firstly, after 20 February 1383, Elizabeth le Strange (c. 6 December 1373 – 23 August 1383), suo jure Lady Strange of Blackmere, daughter and heiress of John le Strange, 5th Baron Strange of Blackmere, by Isabel Beauchamp, daughter of Thomas Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick, by whom he had no issue.[3]

He married secondly Elizabeth Arundel (c.1372 – 8 July 1425), widow of Sir William Montagu, and daughter of Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel, by Elizabeth Bohun, daughter of William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, by whom he had two sons and three daughters:[3]

Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk.[7]
John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk.[7]
Elizabeth Mowbray, who married Michael de la Pole, 3rd Earl of Suffolk.[7]
Margaret Mowbray, who married firstly Sir Robert Howard, by whom she was the mother of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and secondly Sir John Grey of Ruthin, Derbyshire.[7]
Isabel Mowbray; married firstly Sir Henry Ferrers, son of 5th Baron Ferrers of Groby, and secondly James Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley.[7]

Shakespeare
Mowbray's quarrel with Bolingbroke and subsequent banishment are depicted in the opening scene of Shakespeare's Richard II.[8] Thomas Mowbray (as he is called in the play) prophetically replies to King Richard's "Lions make leopards tame" with the retort, "Yea, but not change his spots." Mowbray's death in exile is announced later in the play by the Bishop of Carlisle.

Notes
a. Cockayne gives the year 1385 as when he was created Earl Marshal. Round, howev,e prrovides that he was granted the office of Marshal of England in 1385 but only formally received the title of Earl Marshal i1n386. [5]

Citations
1. Richardson III 2011, pp. 206-7.
2. Cokayne 1936, p. 780.
3. Richardson III 2011, p. 208.
4. Cokayne 1936, p. 385.
5. Round 1899, pp. 314-315.
6. Cokayne 1936, p. 603.
7. Richardson III 2011, p. 2010.
8. McConnell, Louise (2000).D ictionary of Shakespeare, p. 194. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn PublishersI. SBN 1-57958-215-X.

References
Cokayne, George Edward (1936). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday and Lord Howard de Walden. IX. London: St. Catherine Press.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966381.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. IV (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1460992709.

Round, J.H. (1899). Commune of London and Other Studies.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_de_Mowbray,_1st_Duke_of_Norfolk&oldid=785851946"
Categories: 1360s births 1399 deaths Earls Marshal Dukes of Norfolk Earls of Norfolk (1312)
Earls of Nottingham Barons Mowbray Barons Segrave Knights of the Garter
14th-century deaths from plague (disease) 14th-century English people Male Shakespearean characters
This page was last edited on 15 June 2017, at 19:38.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

He was the first Duke of Norfolk, Earl Of Nottingham, Earl Marshal. A close relative of Richard II. Thomas fell foul of the king and was banished for life in 1398, dying in Venice in 1399,aged 33. He had married Elizabeth Fitzaian, daughter of Richard Fitzalan, Earl of Arundel. Thomas appears in Shakespeare's "King Richard II"

Find A Grave Memorial# 131795154. Taken from Findagrave website created by Kat: "Sir John was the elder son of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray, and Elizabeth Segrave.
He had a younger brother, Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and three sisters, Eleanor, Margaret and Joan.
After the deaths of his parents he became Baron Segrave and Baron Mowbray.
John and his brother Thomas was granted to their great aunt Blanche Wake, a sister of their grandmother, Joan of Lancaster.
He was knighted on April 23, 1377 with the future Richard II and the future Henry IV when the two noblemen were made Knights of the Bath.
John was created Earl of Nottingham, on July 16 1377, when Richard II was crowned. As joint tenants of the estates of William Beauchamp of Bedford, he and William Latimer, 4th Baron Latimer successfully claimed the right to serve as Almoner at the coronation.
John died before February 12, 1383, aged seventeen and unmarried, and was buried at the Whitefriars in Fleet Street, London. The earldom of Nottingham became extinct at his death. He was succeeded in the barony of Mowbray by his younger brother, Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, who became Earl of Nottingham on January 12, 1386 by a new creation of the earldom."

m. (ante 1368) Sir John Welles, 5th Baron Welles (p. John Welles and Maud Roos). Issue:
* Eudes (or Ives) married Maud Greystoke
* Eleanor m.1 Sir Hugh Poynings; m.2 Sir Godfrey Hilton

Thomas married FitzAlan, Elizabeth in 1384 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England. Elizabeth (daughter of FitzAlan, Lord Richard IV and de Bohun, Countess Elizabeth) was born on 8 Jul 1366 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; died on 8 Jul 1425 in Wighill, Yorkshire, England; was buried on 17 Jul 1425 in St Michael Churchyard, Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thomas married le Strange, Elizabeth after 20 Feb 1383 in England. Elizabeth was born on 22 Dec 1373 in Chawton, Hampshire, England; died on 14 Sep 1383 in Chawton, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Baroness FitaAlan
• Appointments / Titles: Duchess
• Appointments / Titles: Duchess of Norfolk
• FSID: LRF9-PX3

Notes:

Elizabeth Fitzalan, Duchess of Norfolk
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Lady Elizabeth Fitzalan, Duchess of Norfolk (1366 – 8 July 1425)[1] was an English noblewoman and the wife of Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk. Through her eldest daughter, Lady Margaret Mowbray, Elizabeth was an ancestress of Queens consort Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, and the Howard Dukes of Norfolk. Her other notable descendants include Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk; Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby; Sir Thomas Wyatt, the younger; and Lady Jane Grey (by both parents).

Marriages and children
Lady Elizabeth was born in Derbyshire, England, a daughter of Richard Fitzalan, 11th Earl of Arundel and his first wife Elizabeth de Bohun, daughter of William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton and Elizabeth de Badlesmere.

Elizabeth had four husbands and at least six children:
1) Sir William Montacute, the eldest son of William de Montagu, 2nd Earl of Salisbury (before December1378).
2) Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk (1384)
3) Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk (b. 17 September 1385)
4) Margaret de Mowbray (b. 1388), married Sir Robert Howard (1385 - 1436), and from this marriage descended Queens consort Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, and the Howard Dukes of Norfolk.
5)John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk (b. 1392)
60 Isabel de Mowbray (b.1400), married James Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley
Sir Robert Goushill or Gousell of Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire (before 18 August 1401)
1) Elizabeth Goushill or Gousell (1404-1491), wife of Sir Robert Wingfield of Letheringham, Suffolk (1403-between 6 October 1452 and 21 November 1454), they were great-grandparents to Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk.
2) Joan or Jean Goushill or Gousell (b. 1409), wife of Thomas Stanley, 1st Baron Stanley, King of Mann, and parents of Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby.
3) Sir Gerald or Gerard Afflete (before 1411)

She died 8 July 1425 in Wighill, Yorkshire, England, and was buried with her third husband in the Goushill tomb in St Michael's Church, Hoveringham, Thurgarton Hundred, Nottinghamshire, England.

References
1. Memorials of the Order of the Garter from Its Foundation to the Present ... By Geogre Frederick p. 298 (https://www.google.com/books?id=4xwNAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA2-PA298&dq=%22Elizabeth+Fitzalan%22&as_brr=0&ei=No0pR_KsA6jA7AKJh_DoDg) accessed 1 November 2007

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Fitzalan,_Duchess_of_Norfolk&oldid=758564223"
Categories: 1366 births 1425 deaths People from Derbyshire Daughters of British earls
Women of medieval England English duchesses by marriage Disease-related deaths in England
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Elizabeth married Goushill, Sir Robert on 28 Aug 1401. Robert was born in 1350 in Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire, England; died on 21 Jul 1403 in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England; was buried after 21 Jul 1403 in St Michael Churchyard, Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married de Mowbray, Thomas in 1384 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England. Thomas (son of de Mowbray, John III and de Segrave, Baroness Elizabeth) was born on 22 Mar 1367 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; died on 22 Sep 1399 in Venice, Venezia, Veneto, Italy; was buried after 22 Sep 1399 in Venice, Venezia, Veneto, Italy. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Life Event: Peerage of England
• FSID: LC5X-KB5
• Appointments / Titles: 1449; Member of Parliment
• Military: 1452; Expedition to Guyenne
• Military: 26 Jul 1453; Present at the Battle of Chastillon
• Appointments / Titles: 1461; Constable of Colchester Castle
• Appointments / Titles: 1461; King's carver
• Appointments / Titles: 1461; Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk
• Military: 29 Mar 1461; At the Battle of Towton
• Appointments / Titles: 29 Mar 1461; Knight of the Garter
• Military: 1462; He and Lords Fauconberg and Clinton made a descent on Brittany, and took Croquet and the Isle of Rhé.
• Appointments / Titles: 1463; 1st Duke of Norfolk of the Howard family
• Appointments / Titles: 1470; Created a baron by King Henry VI
• Military: 22 Aug 1485; Commanded the vanguard, largely composed of archers at the Battle of Bosworth Field

Notes:

John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk
Spouse(s) Katherine Moleyns
Margaret Chedworth
Issue Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk
Nicholas Howard
Isabel Howard
Anne Howard
Margaret Howard
Jane Howard
Katherine Howard
Noble family Howard
Father Sir Robert Howard
Mother Margaret Mowbray
Born c.1425
Died 22 August 1485

Arms of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk
John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk KG (c. 1425 – 22 August 1485), was an English nobleman, soldier, politician, and the first Howard Duke of Norfolk. He was a close friend and loyal supporter of King Richard III, with whom he was slain at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485.

Family
John Howard, born about 1425, was the son of Sir Robert Howard of Tendring (1398–1436) and Margaret de Mowbray (1391–1459), eldest daughter of Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk (of the first creation) (1366–1399), by Elizabeth FitzAlan (1366–1425). His paternal grandparents were Sir John Howard of Wiggenhall, Norfolk, and Alice Tendring, daughter of Sir William Tendring.

Howard was a descendant of English royalty through both sides of his family. On his father's side, Howard was descended from Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall, the second son of King John, who had an illegitimate son, named Richard (d.1296), whose daughter, Joan of Cornwall, married Sir John Howard (d. shortly before 23 July 1331). On his mother's side, Howard was descended from Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk, the elder son of Edward I of England by his second wife, Margaret of France, and from Edward I's younger brother, Edmund Crouchback.

Career
Howard succeeded his father in 1436. In his youth he was in the household of John Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk (d. 1461), and was drawn into Norfolk's conflicts with William de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk. In 1453 he was involved in a lawsuit with Suffolk's wife, Alice Chaucer. He had been elected to Parliament in 1449 and during the 1450s he held several local offices. According to Crawford, he was at one point during this period described as 'wode as a wilde bullok'. He is said to have been with Lord Lisle in his expedition to Guyenne in 1452, which ended in defeat at Castillon on 17 July 1453. He received an official commission from the King on 10 December 1455 and also had been utilised by Henry to promote friendship between Lord Moleyns (his father-in-law) and one John Clopton.

He was a staunch adherent of the House of York during the Wars of the Roses, and was knighted by King Edward IV at the Battle of Towton on 29 March 1461, and in the same year was appointed Constable of Norwich and Colchester castles, and became part of the royal household as one of the King's carvers, 'the start of a service to the house of York which was to last for the rest of his life'.

In 1461 Howard was High Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk, and during the years 1462-4 he took part in military campaigns against the Lancastrians. In 1467 he served as deputy for Norfolk as Earl Marshal at 'the most splendid tournament of the age when Antoine, count of La Roche, the Bastard of Burgundy, jousted against the Queen's brother, Lord Scales. In the same year he was one of three ambassadors sent to Burgundy to arrange the marriage of the King's sister, Margaret of York, to Charles, Duke of Burgundy. At about this time he was made a member of the King's council, and in 1468 he was among those who escorted Margaret to Burgundy for her wedding. During the 1460s Howard had become involved in the internal politics of St John's Abbey in Colchester, of which he was a patron. He interfered with the abbatial elections at the Abbey following the death of Abbot Ardeley in 1464, helping the Yorkist supporter John Canon to win the election. Howard then appears to have interfered again in support of Abbot Stansted's election following Canon's death in 1464.

Howard's advancement in the King's household continued. By 1467 he was a knight of the body, and in September 1468 was appointed Treasurer of the Royal Household, an office which he held for only two years, until Edward lost the throne in 1470.

According to Crawford, Howard was a wealthy man by 1470, when Edward IV's first reign ended and he went into exile on the continent. In the area around Stoke by Nayland Howard held some sixteen manors, seven of which the King had granted him in 1462. After 1463, he purchased a number of other manors, including six forfeited by John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford, the son of his cousin, Elizabeth Howard.

Howard was summoned to Parliament from 15 October 1470 by writs directed to Iohanni Howard de Howard Militi and Iohanni Howard Chivaler, whereby he is held to have become Lord Howard. On 24 April 1472 he was admitted to the Order of the Garter.

In April 1483 he bore the royal banner at the funeral of King Edward IV. He supported Richard III's usurpation of the throne from King Edward V, and was appointed Lord High Steward. He bore the crown before Richard at his coronation, while his eldest son, the Earl of Surrey, carried the Sword of State. On 28 June 1483 he was created Duke of Norfolk, third creation, the first creation having become extinct on the death of John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk, in 1476, and the second creation having been invalidated by Richard's illegitimisation, on 25 June 1483, of Edward IV's second son Richard of York. This left John Howard as heir to the duchy, and his alliance with Richard ensured his acquisition of the title. He was also created Earl Marshal, and Lord Admiral of all England, Ireland, and Aquitaine.

The Duke's principal home was at Stoke-by-Nayland (and later Framlingham Castle) in Suffolk. However, after his second marriage he frequently resided at Ockwells Manor at Cox Green in Bray as it was conveniently close to the royal residence at Windsor Castle.

Marriages and issue
Effigy of Lady Anne Gorges, Gorges tomb, Wraxall Church
Before 29 September 1442 Howard married Katherine Moleyns (d. 3 November 1465), the daughter of Sir William Moleyns (7 January 1378 – 8 June 1425), styled Lord Moleyns, of Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire, and his wife, Margery Whalesborough (d. 26 March 1439). There is confusion in some sources between the wives of Sir William Moleyns (d. 8 June 1425) and his eldest son and heir, Sir William Moleyns, who was slain at the siege of Orleans on 8 May 1429, and who married, on 1 May 1423, as his second wife, Anne Whalesborough (died c. 1487), the daughter and co-heir of John Whalesborough, esquire, of Whalesborough, Cornwall.

By Katherine Moleyns Howard had two sons and four daughters:

Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Surrey (1443–21 May 1524), who married firstly, on 30 April 1472, as her second husband, Elizabeth Tilney, by whom he had ten children including Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, and Elizabeth Howard, wife of Sir Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire; he married secondly, in 1497, Agnes Tilney, by whom he had eleven children.
Nicholas Howard (died c.1468).
Isabel or Elizabeth Howard, who married Robert Mortimer (d.1485), esquire, of Landmere in Thorpe-le-Soken, slain at Bosworth, by whom she had a daughter, Elizabeth, who married George Guildford, younger son of Sir Richard Guildford.
Anne Howard (1446–1474), who married Sir Edmund Gorges (d.1512) of Wraxall, by whom she had issue including Sir Thomas Gorges.
Jane Howard (1450 – August 15, 1508), who in 1481 married Sir John Timperley of Hintlesham, Suffolk, no issue.
Margaret Howard (1445–1484), who married Sir John Wyndham of Crownthorpe and Felbrigg, Norfolk, by whom she had issue.

Howard married secondly, before 22 January 1467, Margaret (1436–1494), the daughter of Sir John Chedworth and his wife, Margaret Bowett,[16] and widow, firstly of Nicholas Wyfold (1420–1456), Lord Mayor of London, and secondly of Sir John Norreys (1400 – 1 September 1466), Master of the Wardrobe.[17]

By his second wife, Margaret Chedworth, he had one daughter:[17]

Katherine Howard (died 17 March 1536), who married John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, by whom she had issue.

Death
John Howard was slain at the Battle of Bosworth Field on 22 August 1485 along with his friend and patron King Richard.[18] Howard was the commander of the vanguard, and his son, the Earl of Surrey, his lieutenant. Howard was killed when a Lancastrian arrow struck him in the face after the face guard had been torn off his helmet during an earlier altercation with the Earl of Oxford.[19] He was slain prior to King Richard, which had a demoralising effect on the king. Shakespeare relates how, the night before, someone had left John Howard a note attached to his tent warning him that King Richard III, his "master," was going to be double-crossed (which he was):

"Jack of Norfolk, be not too bold, For Dickon, thy master, is bought and sold."[20]

However, this story does not appear prior to Edward Hall in 1548, so the story may well be an apocryphal embellishment of a later era.[21] He was buried in Thetford Priory, but his body seems to have been moved at the Reformation, possibly to the tomb of the 3rd Duke of Norfolk at Framlingham Church. The monumental brass of his first wife Katherine Moleyns can, however, still be seen in Suffolk.

Howard was the great-grandfather of Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, the second and fifth Queens consort, respectively, of King Henry VIII. Thus, through Anne Boleyn, he was the great-great-grandfather of Elizabeth I. His titles were declared forfeit after his death by King Henry VII, but his son, the 1st Earl of Surrey, was later restored as 2nd Duke (the Barony of Howard, however, remains forfeit). His senior descendants, the Dukes of Norfolk, have been Earls Marshal and Premier Peers of England since the 17th century, and male-line descendants hold the Earldoms of Carlisle, Suffolk, Berkshire and Effingham.

References
Cokayne, George Edward (1936). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday and Lord Howard de Walden. IX. London: St. Catherine Press. pp. 42, 610–12.

Crawford, Anne (2004). "Howard, John, first duke of Norfolk (d. 1485)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13921. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. I (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1-4499-6637-3.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. pp. 313, 409–413. ISBN 1-4499-6638-1. Retrieved 10 September 2013.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1-4499-6639-X.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. I (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1-4499-6631-4.

Watson, J. Yelloly (1877). The Tendring Hundred in the Olden Time. Colchester: Benham & Harrison. pp. 11–14, 163–4. Retrieved 10 September 2013.

D. N. J. MacCulloch (ed.). The Chorography of Suffolk.

Paul Murray Kendall, Richard The Third, George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1955 ISBN 0-04-942048-8

Neil Grant, The Howards of Norfolk, Franklin Watts Ltd., London, 1972

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1891). "Howard, John (1430?-1485)". Dictionary of National Biography. 28. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

Categories: 1425 births1485 deathsEarls MarshalKnights of the GarterLord High Admirals of EnglandDukes of NorfolkBarons MowbrayBarons SegraveHoward family (English aristocracy)English military personnel killed in actionHigh Sheriffs of BerkshireHigh Sheriffs of OxfordshireHigh Sheriffs of NorfolkHigh Sheriffs of SuffolkPeople from BaberghPeople from Bray, Berkshire15th-century English peopleMale Shakespearean characters
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This page was last edited on 10 April 2017, at 23:51.
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John married de Moleynes, Catherine in 1440 in England. Catherine (daughter of de Moleynes, William) was born in 1424 in Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire, England; was christened between 1424 and 1465 in Stoke By Nayland, Suffolk, England; died on 3 Nov 1465 in Stoke By Nayland, Suffolk, England; was buried on 22 Nov 1465 in Nayland, Suffolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 3rd Baron of Audley
• FSID: LJBR-JFW
• Residence: Heleigh Castle, Madeley, Staffordshire, England

Notes:

Sir John Tuchet [i] b abt 1348, Staffordshire, England, d 23 Jun 1372. He md Maud [j] bef 1371. She was b abt 1354, d bef 3 Nov 1405.
http://www.geneajourney.com/tuchet.html

John married de Mortimer, Lady Margaret in 1371 in England. Margaret (daughter of de Mortimer, Earl Roger and de Montague, Phillippa Elizabeth) was born on 9 Feb 1352 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England; died on 12 Nov 1405 in Elvaston cum Thurlston, Ambaston, Derbyshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 5th Baroness of Seagrave
• FSID: K8BY-JWT

Notes:

Direct descendant of Robert de Vere, who signed Magna Carta as surety for King John

Elizabeth married de Mowbray, John III on 25 Mar 1349 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. John (son of de Mowbray, Sir John II and Plantagenet, Lady Joan of Lancaster) was born on 3 Jul 1340 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; was christened on 10 Jul 1340 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; died on 25 Oct 1368 in Thrace, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey; was buried after 25 Oct 1368 in Thrace, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 11th Earl of Arundel
• FSID: L8BX-892

Richard married de Bohun, Countess Elizabeth on 28 Sep 1359 in Derbyshire, England. Elizabeth (daughter of de Bohun, Earl William and de Badlesmere, Countess Elizabeth) was born in 1350 in Derby, Derbyshire, England; died on 3 Apr 1385 in Arundel, Sussex, England; was buried after 3 Apr 1385 in Lewes Priory (Historical), Lewes, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]