Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: 9Z4T-DFJ
• Occupation: Coroner of Norfolk

Notes:

On 07 May 1308 he was assaulted on the job in Norwich, England

Family/Spouse: Hales, Lady Alice. Alice was born in UNKNOWN in England; died in 1304 in England; was buried in 1304 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Countess of Norfolk
• FSID: LR9J-D6M

Notes:

Thomas Brotherton married before 8 January 1326, Alice de Hales daughter of Sir Roger de Hales of Hales Hall in Loddon in Roughton, Norfolk, by his wife, Alice. Alice Hales died by 12 October 1330, when a chantry was founded for her soul in Bosham, Sussex, England. This belies the note that she died in Bosham, Suffolk, England since no such place is known to exist. However there is a church is the noted town of Bosham, Sussex, England. So it appears that people have created a mythical town in Suffolk based upon the fact that chantry was performed in Bosham, Sussex. Since Alice died before her husband, Thomas; and Thomas died in Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, England; and Alice is buried in Bury St Edmunds; it would make sense to assume that she died in Bury St Edmunds rather than an unknown place in Suffolk.

Alice married of Brotherton, Earl Thomas before 8 Jan 1326 in Loddon, Norfolk, England. Thomas (son of Plantagenet, Edward of England I and de France, Marguerite) was born on 1 Jun 1300 in Manor House, Brotherton, Yorkshire, England; died on 4 Aug 1338 in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England; was buried on 18 Aug 1338 in Bury St Edmunds Abbey, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Duchess
• Life Event: Peerage of England
• FSID: 9HKX-8B3
• Appointments / Titles: 1338; Countess of Norfolk
• Appointments / Titles: 1338; Earl Marshall of England
• Appointments / Titles: 29 Sep 1397; Duchess of Norfolk

Notes:

Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk

Spouse(s) John Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave
Sir Walter Mauny
Issue
John de Segrave
John de Segrave (again)
Elizabeth de Segrave
Margaret de Segrave
Thomas Mauny
Anne Mauny
Isabel Mauny
Father Thomas of Brotherton
Mother Alice Hales
Born c.1320
Died 24 March 1399
Buried Grey Friars, London

Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Margaret, in her own right Countess of Norfolk (sometimes surnamed Brotherton or Marshal;[1] c. 1320–24 March 1399), was the daughter and eventual sole heir of Thomas of Brotherton, eldest son of Edward I, by his second marriage. In 1338 she succeeded to the earldom of Norfolk and the office of Earl Marshal.

Family
Margaret (b. about 1320), was the daughter of Thomas of Brotherton and Alice de Hales (d. in or before 1330). Her paternal grandparents were Edward I and Margaret (1279?–1318), daughter of Philippe III of France (d.1285).[2] Her maternal grandparents were Roger de Hales of Hales Hall in Loddon, Roughton, Norfolk and Alice.[3][4] She had a brother and sister:
Edward of Norfolk, who married Beatrice de Mortimer, daughter of Roger de Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, but died without issue before 9 August 1334.[5] Alice of Norfolk, who married Sir Edward de Montagu.[6]

Life
In 1335 aged 15 (the typical age of marriage for maidens of that era), she was married to John Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave, and proceeded to have four children - two sons and two daughters - by him. In 1350, she sought a divorce on the ground that they had been contracted in marriage (in other words betrothed) before she was of marriageable age, and that she had never consented to cohabit with him. She made known her intention of traveling to the continent in order to plead personally with the Pope for a divorce. King Edward III prohibited her from leaving England, but she set off incognito anyway, having taken care to obtain a safe conduct from the King of France.

The following year (1351) Edward III charged her with having crossed the English Channel in contravention of his prohibition.[7] The inquisition, regarding this incident, shows that Margaret unlawfully crossed the Channel and met with a servant of her future husband, Sir Walter de Mauny, who broke his lantern with his foot so she could pass unnoticed and acted as her guardian during her sojourn in France. This incident and the involvement of her future husband's retainer may indicate the real motivation for Margaret seeking a divorce.

The divorce case was ultimately heard by the Pope's auditor, the Dean of St. Hilary's at Poitiers. However, Margaret's first husband died in 1353, before the divorce could be finalized. Shortly thereafter, and just before 30 May 1354, she married Sir Walter de Mauny without the King's licence. They were married 18 years, and had three children before he died at London on 8 or 13 January 1372.[8]

On 29 September 1397, Margaret was created Duchess of Norfolk for life.[8] She died 24 March 1399, and was buried in the choir of Grey Friars in the City of London.[8]

The executors of her will are reported to be John Sileby & Walter fitz Piers, who in 1399 were reported to be attempting to recover money due to her estate.[9]

Marriages and issue
Margaret married firstly, about 1335,[4] John Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave, by whom she had two sons and two daughters:[10]

John de Segrave, who died young.[10]

John de Segrave (d. before 1 April 1353), second of that name, who was contracted to marry Blanche of Lancaster, younger daughter and coheiress of Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster. However the contract was later declared void[11] and Blanche later married John of Gaunt. About 1349, a double marriage was solemnized in which John Segrave married Blanche Mowbray, while John's sister, Elizabeth Segrave, married Blanche Mowbray's brother, John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray, Pope Clement VI having granted dispensations for the marriages at the request of Lancaster, in order to prevent 'disputes between the parents', who were neighbours.[12][13][11]

Elizabeth de Segrave, 5th Baroness Segrave, who married John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray.[11]

Margaret de Segrave, who died young, before 1353.[11]

Shortly before 30 May 1354, Margaret married secondly, and without the King's licence, Sir Walter Mauny,[14] by whom she had a son and two daughters:[11]
Thomas Mauny, who was drowned in a well at Deptford at the age of ten.[11]
Anne Mauny, who married John Hastings, 2nd Earl of Pembroke.[11]
Isabel Mauny, who was living in 1358, but died without issue before 30 November 1371.[11]
Distinction

As her brother had died without issue, she succeeded to the earldom of Norfolk and the office of Earl Marshal at her father's death in 1338. To date, she is the only woman to have held the latter office.

Fictional representations
Margaret is a character in Georgette Heyer's last novel My Lord John, where she is portrayed sympathetically as a kindly though outwardly formidable old lady.

References
1. "Brotherton [Marshal], Margaret". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/53070 (https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F53070) . (Subscription or UK public library membership (https://global.oup.com/oxforddnb/info/freeodnb/libraries/) required.)
2. Waugh 2004.
3. Richardson II 2011, p. 631.
4. Archer II 2004.
5. Richardson II 2011, p. 634.
6. Richardson II 2011, pp. 634-5.
7. Richardson II 2011, pp. 637-8.
8. Richardson II 2011, p. 638.
9. Plea Rolls of the Court of Common Pleas. National Archives; CP 40/555; http://aalt.law.uh.edu/H4/CP40no555/bCP40no555dorses/IMG_0329.htm; first entry
10. Richardson II 2011, p. 639.
11. Richardson II 2011, p. 640.
12. Cokayne 1936, p. 384.
13. Archer I 2004.
14. Sumption 2004.

Sources
Archer, Rowena E. (2004). "Mowbray, John (III), fourth Lord Mowbray (1340–1368)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/19452. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Archer, Rowena E. (2004). "‘Brotherton, Margaret, suo jure duchess of Norfolk (c.1320–1399)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/53070. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Cokayne, George Edward (1936). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday and Lord Howard de Walden. IX. London: St. Catherine Press. pp. 380–5.

Cokayne, George Edward (1949). The Complete Peerage, edited by Geoffrey H. White. XI. London: St. Catherine Press. pp. 609–10.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966349.

Sumption, Jonathan (2004). "Mauny, Sir Walter (c.1310–1372)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/17985. (Subscription or UK public ibrary membership required.)

Waugh, Scott L. (2004). "Thomas, first earl of Norfolk (1300–1338)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27196. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Calendar Inquisitions Miscellaneous, vol. 3, 1937

Calendar of Entries in the Papal Registers: Letters, 4, 1902

Segrave, Charles, The Segrave Family: 1066 to 1935

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Categories: 1320 births 1399 deaths House of Plantagenet Earls of Norfolk (1312) Dukes of Norfolk
Women of medieval England Pre-1876 life peers Hereditary women peers Created suo jure peeresses
Earls Marshal English duchesses English countesses 14th-century English people
Duchesses of Norfolk
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Family/Spouse: de Mauny, Gauthier. Gauthier was born in 1310 in England; died on 21 Jan 1372 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married de Segrave, Sir John in 1335 in England. John (son of de Segrave, Sir Stephen and FitzAlan, Lady Alice) was born on 4 May 1315 in Norfolk, England; died on 1 Apr 1353 in Bretby, Derbyshire, England; was buried on 9 Apr 1353 in Chacombe Priory, Chacombe, Northamptonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 5th Baroness of Seagrave
• FSID: K8BY-JWT

Notes:

Direct descendant of Robert de Vere, who signed Magna Carta as surety for King John

Elizabeth married de Mowbray, John III on 25 Mar 1349 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. John (son of de Mowbray, Sir John II and Plantagenet, Lady Joan of Lancaster) was born on 3 Jul 1340 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; was christened on 10 Jul 1340 in Epworth, Lincolnshire, England; died on 25 Oct 1368 in Thrace, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey; was buried after 25 Oct 1368 in Thrace, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Knight of the Garter
• Appointments / Titles: Lord Duke
• FSID: LHTZ-3WG
• Appointments / Titles: 10 Feb 1383; 6th Lord of Mowbray
• Appointments / Titles: 12 Feb 1383; 1st Earl of Nottingham
• Appointments / Titles: 30 Jun 1385; Earl Marshall of England
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1389 and 1399; Warden of the East March
• Appointments / Titles: 29 Sep 1397; 1st Duke of Norfolk

Notes:

Thomas de Mowbray , 1st Duke of Norfolk

Spouse(s) Elizabeth le Strange
Elizabeth Arundel
Issue Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk
John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk
Elizabeth Mowbray
Isabel Mowbray
Margaret Mowbray
Father John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray
Mother Elizabeth de Segrave
Born 22 March 1367 or 1368
Died 22 September 1399 (aged 31 or 32)vVenice, Republic of Venice
Buried Venice, Italy

Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, KG, Earl Marshal (22 March 1367 or 1368 – 22 September 1399) was an English peer. As a result of his involvement in the power struggles which led up to the fall of Richard II, he was banished and died in exile in Venice.

Origins
Mowbray was the second son of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray, and Elizabeth de Segrave, suo jure Lady Segrave, daughter and heiress of John de Segrave, 4th Baron Segrave, by Margaret, daughter and heiress of Thomas of Brotherton, son of Edward I.[1] He had an elder brother, John de Mowbray, 1st Earl of Nottingham, and three sisters, Eleanor, Margaret and Joan (for details concerning his siblings see the article on his father, John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray).

Career
In April 1372, custody of both Thomas and his elder brother, John, was granted to Blanche Wake, a sister of their grandmother, Joan of Lancaster.[2] On 10 February 1383, he succeeded his elder brother, John Mowbray, 1st Earl of Nottingham, as Baron Mowbray and Segrave, and was created Earl of Nottingham on 12 February 1383.[3] On 30 June 1385 he was created Earl Marshal for life, and on 12 January 1386 he was granted the office in tail male.[4][a] He fought against the Scots and then against the French. He was appointed Warden of the East March towards Scotland in 1389, a position he held until his death.

He was one of the Lords Appellant to King Richard II who deposed some of the King's court favourites in 1387. He worked his way back into the king's good graces, however, and was likely instrumental in the murder, in 1397, of the king's uncle (and senior Lord Appellant), Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, who was imprisoned at Calais, where Nottingham was Captain. In gratitude, on 29 September 1397, the king created him Duke of Norfolk.[4][3]

In 1398, Norfolk quarreled with Henry of Bolingbroke, 1st Duke of Hereford (later King Henry IV), apparently due to mutual suspicions stemming from their roles in the conspiracy against the Duke of Gloucester. Before a duel between them could take place, Richard II banished them both. Mowbray left England on 19 October 1398.[6] While in exile, he succeeded as Earl of Norfolk when his grandmother, Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk, died on 24 March 1399.[6] He died of the plague at Venice on 22 September 1399.[3] Bolingbroke returned to England in 1399 and usurped the crown on 30 September 1399; shortly afterward, on 6 October 1399, the creation of Mowbray as Duke of Norfolk was annulled by Parliament, although Mowbray's heir retained his other titles.[6][3]

Arms of Mowbray
The traditional, and historic arms for the Mowbray family are "Gules, a lion rampant argent". Although it is certain that these arms are differenced by various devices, this primary blazon applies to all the family arms, including their peerages at Norfolk. They are never indicated to bear the arms of Thomas Brotherton, nor any other English Royal Arms.

Sir Bernard Burkes, C.B., LL.D.,Ulster King of Arms, in his book 'A General Armory of England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland', 1884, page 713, provides the following detailed listing of the Mowbray/Norfolk arms: "Mowbray (Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Nottingham, Earl of Warren and Surrey, Earl Marshal of England, and Baron Mowbray: dukedom and earldoms extinct 1475, when the barony fell into abeyance. The Mowbrays descended from Roger de Mowbray, son of Nigel d'Albini, who, possessing the lands of Mowbray [Montbray], assumed that surname by command of Henry I., his descendant, Roger de Mowbray, was summoned to Parliament 1295, the fifth baron was created Earl of Nottingham, 1377, d.s.p., his brother, the sixth Baron, was re-created Earl of Nottingham, 1383, constituted Earl Marshal, and created Duke of Norfolk, 139G, the fourth duke was created Earl of Warren and Surrey, vita patris, and d. without surviving issue, when all his honours became extinct except the barony, which fell into abeyance among the descendants of the daus. of the first Duke, of whom Lady Isabel is represented by the Earl of Berkeley, and Lady Margaret by the Lords Stourton and Pttre, as heirs general, and by the Duke of Norfolk, as heir male). Gu. a lion ramp. ar.

Crest—A leopard or, ducally gorged ar.; granted by patent to the first duke, 17 Richard II. [1377 – 1399], which acknowledges his right to bear for his crest " a golden leopard with a white label," the crest of his maternal ancestor, Thomas Plantagenet, of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk, and grants the coronet instead of the label, which would of right belong to the King's son.

Marriages and issue
He married firstly, after 20 February 1383, Elizabeth le Strange (c. 6 December 1373 – 23 August 1383), suo jure Lady Strange of Blackmere, daughter and heiress of John le Strange, 5th Baron Strange of Blackmere, by Isabel Beauchamp, daughter of Thomas Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick, by whom he had no issue.[3]

He married secondly Elizabeth Arundel (c.1372 – 8 July 1425), widow of Sir William Montagu, and daughter of Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel, by Elizabeth Bohun, daughter of William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, by whom he had two sons and three daughters:[3]

Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk.[7]
John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk.[7]
Elizabeth Mowbray, who married Michael de la Pole, 3rd Earl of Suffolk.[7]
Margaret Mowbray, who married firstly Sir Robert Howard, by whom she was the mother of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and secondly Sir John Grey of Ruthin, Derbyshire.[7]
Isabel Mowbray; married firstly Sir Henry Ferrers, son of 5th Baron Ferrers of Groby, and secondly James Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley.[7]

Shakespeare
Mowbray's quarrel with Bolingbroke and subsequent banishment are depicted in the opening scene of Shakespeare's Richard II.[8] Thomas Mowbray (as he is called in the play) prophetically replies to King Richard's "Lions make leopards tame" with the retort, "Yea, but not change his spots." Mowbray's death in exile is announced later in the play by the Bishop of Carlisle.

Notes
a. Cockayne gives the year 1385 as when he was created Earl Marshal. Round, howev,e prrovides that he was granted the office of Marshal of England in 1385 but only formally received the title of Earl Marshal i1n386. [5]

Citations
1. Richardson III 2011, pp. 206-7.
2. Cokayne 1936, p. 780.
3. Richardson III 2011, p. 208.
4. Cokayne 1936, p. 385.
5. Round 1899, pp. 314-315.
6. Cokayne 1936, p. 603.
7. Richardson III 2011, p. 2010.
8. McConnell, Louise (2000).D ictionary of Shakespeare, p. 194. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn PublishersI. SBN 1-57958-215-X.

References
Cokayne, George Edward (1936). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday and Lord Howard de Walden. IX. London: St. Catherine Press.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966381.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. IV (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1460992709.

Round, J.H. (1899). Commune of London and Other Studies.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_de_Mowbray,_1st_Duke_of_Norfolk&oldid=785851946"
Categories: 1360s births 1399 deaths Earls Marshal Dukes of Norfolk Earls of Norfolk (1312)
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He was the first Duke of Norfolk, Earl Of Nottingham, Earl Marshal. A close relative of Richard II. Thomas fell foul of the king and was banished for life in 1398, dying in Venice in 1399,aged 33. He had married Elizabeth Fitzaian, daughter of Richard Fitzalan, Earl of Arundel. Thomas appears in Shakespeare's "King Richard II"

Find A Grave Memorial# 131795154. Taken from Findagrave website created by Kat: "Sir John was the elder son of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray, and Elizabeth Segrave.
He had a younger brother, Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and three sisters, Eleanor, Margaret and Joan.
After the deaths of his parents he became Baron Segrave and Baron Mowbray.
John and his brother Thomas was granted to their great aunt Blanche Wake, a sister of their grandmother, Joan of Lancaster.
He was knighted on April 23, 1377 with the future Richard II and the future Henry IV when the two noblemen were made Knights of the Bath.
John was created Earl of Nottingham, on July 16 1377, when Richard II was crowned. As joint tenants of the estates of William Beauchamp of Bedford, he and William Latimer, 4th Baron Latimer successfully claimed the right to serve as Almoner at the coronation.
John died before February 12, 1383, aged seventeen and unmarried, and was buried at the Whitefriars in Fleet Street, London. The earldom of Nottingham became extinct at his death. He was succeeded in the barony of Mowbray by his younger brother, Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, who became Earl of Nottingham on January 12, 1386 by a new creation of the earldom."

m. (ante 1368) Sir John Welles, 5th Baron Welles (p. John Welles and Maud Roos). Issue:
* Eudes (or Ives) married Maud Greystoke
* Eleanor m.1 Sir Hugh Poynings; m.2 Sir Godfrey Hilton

Thomas married FitzAlan, Elizabeth in 1384 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England. Elizabeth (daughter of FitzAlan, Lord Richard IV and de Bohun, Countess Elizabeth) was born on 8 Jul 1366 in Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England; died on 8 Jul 1425 in Wighill, Yorkshire, England; was buried on 17 Jul 1425 in St Michael Churchyard, Hoveringham, Nottinghamshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thomas married le Strange, Elizabeth after 20 Feb 1383 in England. Elizabeth was born on 22 Dec 1373 in Chawton, Hampshire, England; died on 14 Sep 1383 in Chawton, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Countess of Nottingham
• Appointments / Titles: Duchess
• Appointments / Titles: Duchess of Norfolk
• FSID: LRX9-J3F
• Alternate Death: 17 Jul 1425, Stringston, Somerset, England

Margaret married Howard, Sir Robert in 1410 in Norfolk, England. Robert (son of Howard, John and Tendring, Alice) was born in 1383 in Forncett Manor, Forncett, Norfolk, England; died in 1437 in Suffolk, England; was buried in Apr 1437 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Life Event: Peerage of England
• FSID: LC5X-KB5
• Appointments / Titles: 1449; Member of Parliment
• Military: 1452; Expedition to Guyenne
• Military: 26 Jul 1453; Present at the Battle of Chastillon
• Appointments / Titles: 1461; Constable of Colchester Castle
• Appointments / Titles: 1461; King's carver
• Appointments / Titles: 1461; Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk
• Military: 29 Mar 1461; At the Battle of Towton
• Appointments / Titles: 29 Mar 1461; Knight of the Garter
• Military: 1462; He and Lords Fauconberg and Clinton made a descent on Brittany, and took Croquet and the Isle of Rhé.
• Appointments / Titles: 1463; 1st Duke of Norfolk of the Howard family
• Appointments / Titles: 1470; Created a baron by King Henry VI
• Military: 22 Aug 1485; Commanded the vanguard, largely composed of archers at the Battle of Bosworth Field

Notes:

John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk
Spouse(s) Katherine Moleyns
Margaret Chedworth
Issue Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk
Nicholas Howard
Isabel Howard
Anne Howard
Margaret Howard
Jane Howard
Katherine Howard
Noble family Howard
Father Sir Robert Howard
Mother Margaret Mowbray
Born c.1425
Died 22 August 1485

Arms of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk
John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk KG (c. 1425 – 22 August 1485), was an English nobleman, soldier, politician, and the first Howard Duke of Norfolk. He was a close friend and loyal supporter of King Richard III, with whom he was slain at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485.

Family
John Howard, born about 1425, was the son of Sir Robert Howard of Tendring (1398–1436) and Margaret de Mowbray (1391–1459), eldest daughter of Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk (of the first creation) (1366–1399), by Elizabeth FitzAlan (1366–1425). His paternal grandparents were Sir John Howard of Wiggenhall, Norfolk, and Alice Tendring, daughter of Sir William Tendring.

Howard was a descendant of English royalty through both sides of his family. On his father's side, Howard was descended from Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall, the second son of King John, who had an illegitimate son, named Richard (d.1296), whose daughter, Joan of Cornwall, married Sir John Howard (d. shortly before 23 July 1331). On his mother's side, Howard was descended from Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk, the elder son of Edward I of England by his second wife, Margaret of France, and from Edward I's younger brother, Edmund Crouchback.

Career
Howard succeeded his father in 1436. In his youth he was in the household of John Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk (d. 1461), and was drawn into Norfolk's conflicts with William de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk. In 1453 he was involved in a lawsuit with Suffolk's wife, Alice Chaucer. He had been elected to Parliament in 1449 and during the 1450s he held several local offices. According to Crawford, he was at one point during this period described as 'wode as a wilde bullok'. He is said to have been with Lord Lisle in his expedition to Guyenne in 1452, which ended in defeat at Castillon on 17 July 1453. He received an official commission from the King on 10 December 1455 and also had been utilised by Henry to promote friendship between Lord Moleyns (his father-in-law) and one John Clopton.

He was a staunch adherent of the House of York during the Wars of the Roses, and was knighted by King Edward IV at the Battle of Towton on 29 March 1461, and in the same year was appointed Constable of Norwich and Colchester castles, and became part of the royal household as one of the King's carvers, 'the start of a service to the house of York which was to last for the rest of his life'.

In 1461 Howard was High Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk, and during the years 1462-4 he took part in military campaigns against the Lancastrians. In 1467 he served as deputy for Norfolk as Earl Marshal at 'the most splendid tournament of the age when Antoine, count of La Roche, the Bastard of Burgundy, jousted against the Queen's brother, Lord Scales. In the same year he was one of three ambassadors sent to Burgundy to arrange the marriage of the King's sister, Margaret of York, to Charles, Duke of Burgundy. At about this time he was made a member of the King's council, and in 1468 he was among those who escorted Margaret to Burgundy for her wedding. During the 1460s Howard had become involved in the internal politics of St John's Abbey in Colchester, of which he was a patron. He interfered with the abbatial elections at the Abbey following the death of Abbot Ardeley in 1464, helping the Yorkist supporter John Canon to win the election. Howard then appears to have interfered again in support of Abbot Stansted's election following Canon's death in 1464.

Howard's advancement in the King's household continued. By 1467 he was a knight of the body, and in September 1468 was appointed Treasurer of the Royal Household, an office which he held for only two years, until Edward lost the throne in 1470.

According to Crawford, Howard was a wealthy man by 1470, when Edward IV's first reign ended and he went into exile on the continent. In the area around Stoke by Nayland Howard held some sixteen manors, seven of which the King had granted him in 1462. After 1463, he purchased a number of other manors, including six forfeited by John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford, the son of his cousin, Elizabeth Howard.

Howard was summoned to Parliament from 15 October 1470 by writs directed to Iohanni Howard de Howard Militi and Iohanni Howard Chivaler, whereby he is held to have become Lord Howard. On 24 April 1472 he was admitted to the Order of the Garter.

In April 1483 he bore the royal banner at the funeral of King Edward IV. He supported Richard III's usurpation of the throne from King Edward V, and was appointed Lord High Steward. He bore the crown before Richard at his coronation, while his eldest son, the Earl of Surrey, carried the Sword of State. On 28 June 1483 he was created Duke of Norfolk, third creation, the first creation having become extinct on the death of John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk, in 1476, and the second creation having been invalidated by Richard's illegitimisation, on 25 June 1483, of Edward IV's second son Richard of York. This left John Howard as heir to the duchy, and his alliance with Richard ensured his acquisition of the title. He was also created Earl Marshal, and Lord Admiral of all England, Ireland, and Aquitaine.

The Duke's principal home was at Stoke-by-Nayland (and later Framlingham Castle) in Suffolk. However, after his second marriage he frequently resided at Ockwells Manor at Cox Green in Bray as it was conveniently close to the royal residence at Windsor Castle.

Marriages and issue
Effigy of Lady Anne Gorges, Gorges tomb, Wraxall Church
Before 29 September 1442 Howard married Katherine Moleyns (d. 3 November 1465), the daughter of Sir William Moleyns (7 January 1378 – 8 June 1425), styled Lord Moleyns, of Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire, and his wife, Margery Whalesborough (d. 26 March 1439). There is confusion in some sources between the wives of Sir William Moleyns (d. 8 June 1425) and his eldest son and heir, Sir William Moleyns, who was slain at the siege of Orleans on 8 May 1429, and who married, on 1 May 1423, as his second wife, Anne Whalesborough (died c. 1487), the daughter and co-heir of John Whalesborough, esquire, of Whalesborough, Cornwall.

By Katherine Moleyns Howard had two sons and four daughters:

Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Surrey (1443–21 May 1524), who married firstly, on 30 April 1472, as her second husband, Elizabeth Tilney, by whom he had ten children including Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, and Elizabeth Howard, wife of Sir Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire; he married secondly, in 1497, Agnes Tilney, by whom he had eleven children.
Nicholas Howard (died c.1468).
Isabel or Elizabeth Howard, who married Robert Mortimer (d.1485), esquire, of Landmere in Thorpe-le-Soken, slain at Bosworth, by whom she had a daughter, Elizabeth, who married George Guildford, younger son of Sir Richard Guildford.
Anne Howard (1446–1474), who married Sir Edmund Gorges (d.1512) of Wraxall, by whom she had issue including Sir Thomas Gorges.
Jane Howard (1450 – August 15, 1508), who in 1481 married Sir John Timperley of Hintlesham, Suffolk, no issue.
Margaret Howard (1445–1484), who married Sir John Wyndham of Crownthorpe and Felbrigg, Norfolk, by whom she had issue.

Howard married secondly, before 22 January 1467, Margaret (1436–1494), the daughter of Sir John Chedworth and his wife, Margaret Bowett,[16] and widow, firstly of Nicholas Wyfold (1420–1456), Lord Mayor of London, and secondly of Sir John Norreys (1400 – 1 September 1466), Master of the Wardrobe.[17]

By his second wife, Margaret Chedworth, he had one daughter:[17]

Katherine Howard (died 17 March 1536), who married John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, by whom she had issue.

Death
John Howard was slain at the Battle of Bosworth Field on 22 August 1485 along with his friend and patron King Richard.[18] Howard was the commander of the vanguard, and his son, the Earl of Surrey, his lieutenant. Howard was killed when a Lancastrian arrow struck him in the face after the face guard had been torn off his helmet during an earlier altercation with the Earl of Oxford.[19] He was slain prior to King Richard, which had a demoralising effect on the king. Shakespeare relates how, the night before, someone had left John Howard a note attached to his tent warning him that King Richard III, his "master," was going to be double-crossed (which he was):

"Jack of Norfolk, be not too bold, For Dickon, thy master, is bought and sold."[20]

However, this story does not appear prior to Edward Hall in 1548, so the story may well be an apocryphal embellishment of a later era.[21] He was buried in Thetford Priory, but his body seems to have been moved at the Reformation, possibly to the tomb of the 3rd Duke of Norfolk at Framlingham Church. The monumental brass of his first wife Katherine Moleyns can, however, still be seen in Suffolk.

Howard was the great-grandfather of Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, the second and fifth Queens consort, respectively, of King Henry VIII. Thus, through Anne Boleyn, he was the great-great-grandfather of Elizabeth I. His titles were declared forfeit after his death by King Henry VII, but his son, the 1st Earl of Surrey, was later restored as 2nd Duke (the Barony of Howard, however, remains forfeit). His senior descendants, the Dukes of Norfolk, have been Earls Marshal and Premier Peers of England since the 17th century, and male-line descendants hold the Earldoms of Carlisle, Suffolk, Berkshire and Effingham.

References
Cokayne, George Edward (1936). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday and Lord Howard de Walden. IX. London: St. Catherine Press. pp. 42, 610–12.

Crawford, Anne (2004). "Howard, John, first duke of Norfolk (d. 1485)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13921. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. I (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1-4499-6637-3.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. pp. 313, 409–413. ISBN 1-4499-6638-1. Retrieved 10 September 2013.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1-4499-6639-X.

Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. I (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1-4499-6631-4.

Watson, J. Yelloly (1877). The Tendring Hundred in the Olden Time. Colchester: Benham & Harrison. pp. 11–14, 163–4. Retrieved 10 September 2013.

D. N. J. MacCulloch (ed.). The Chorography of Suffolk.

Paul Murray Kendall, Richard The Third, George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1955 ISBN 0-04-942048-8

Neil Grant, The Howards of Norfolk, Franklin Watts Ltd., London, 1972

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1891). "Howard, John (1430?-1485)". Dictionary of National Biography. 28. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

Categories: 1425 births1485 deathsEarls MarshalKnights of the GarterLord High Admirals of EnglandDukes of NorfolkBarons MowbrayBarons SegraveHoward family (English aristocracy)English military personnel killed in actionHigh Sheriffs of BerkshireHigh Sheriffs of OxfordshireHigh Sheriffs of NorfolkHigh Sheriffs of SuffolkPeople from BaberghPeople from Bray, Berkshire15th-century English peopleMale Shakespearean characters
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John married de Moleynes, Catherine in 1440 in England. Catherine (daughter of de Moleynes, William) was born in 1424 in Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire, England; was christened between 1424 and 1465 in Stoke By Nayland, Suffolk, England; died on 3 Nov 1465 in Stoke By Nayland, Suffolk, England; was buried on 22 Nov 1465 in Nayland, Suffolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: 2nd Duke of Norfolk
• Appointments / Titles: Earl of Marshall
• Appointments / Titles: Sheriff of Norfolk & Surrey
• FSID: LCC6-7J3
• Occupation: Peerage of England
• Religion: Catholic
• Military: Between 1469 and 1470; Sided with King Edward IV
• Military: 14 Apr 1471; Battle of Barnet
• Appointments / Titles: 4 Jan 1478, England; Knight of the Order of the Bath
• Appointments / Titles: 14 Jan 1478; Knighted
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1483 and 1485, England; Privy Counselor
• Appointments / Titles: 1483, England; 1st Earl of Surrey
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1483 and 1485; Earl of Surrey
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1489 and 1514; Earl of Surrey
• Appointments / Titles: 1491, England; Order of the Garter
• Appointments / Titles: 1501; Knight of the Garter
• Appointments / Titles: 1 Feb 1514, England; 2nd Duke of Norfolk

Notes:

Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Thomas Howard
The Duke of Norfolk
Spouse(s) Elizabeth Tilney
Agnes Tilney
Issue Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
Sir Edward Howard
Lord Edmund Howard
Elizabeth Howard
Muriel Howard
William Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Effingham
Lord Thomas Howard
Richard Howard
Dorothy Howard
Anne Howard
Katherine Howard
Elizabeth Howard
Noble family House of Howard
Father John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk
Mother Katherine Moleyns
Born 1443
Died 21 May 1524

Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk KG PC (1443 – 21 May 1524), styled Earl of Surrey from 1483 to 1485 and again from 1489 to 1514, was an English nobleman and politician. He was the only son of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, by his first wife, Katherine Moleyns. The Duke was the grandfather of both Queen Anne Boleyn and Queen Catherine Howard and the great grandfather of Queen Elizabeth I. He served four monarchs as a soldier and statesman.

Early life
Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk, was born in 1443 at Stoke-by-Nayland, Suffolk, the only surviving son of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, by his first wife, Katherine, the daughter of William Moleyns (d. 8 June 1425) and his wife Margery. He was educated at Thetford Grammar School.

Service under Edward IV
While a youth he entered the service of King Edward IV as a henchman. Howard took the King's side when war broke out in 1469 with the Earl of Warwick, and took sanctuary at Colchester when the King fled to Holland in 1470. Howard rejoined the royal forces at Edward's return to England in 1471, and was severely wounded at the Battle of Barnet on 14 April 1471. He was appointed an esquire of the body in 1473. On 14 January 1478 he was knighted by Edward IV at the marriage of the King's second son, the young Duke of York, and Lady Anne Mowbray (d.1483).

Service under Richard III
After the death of Edward IV on 9 April 1483, Thomas Howard and his father John supported Richard III's usurpation of the throne. Thomas bore the Sword of State at Richard's coronation, and served as steward at the coronation banquet. Both Thomas and his father were granted lands by the new King, and Thomas was also granted an annuity of £1000. On 28 June 1483, John Howard was created Duke of Norfolk, while Thomas was created Earl of Surrey. Surrey was also sworn of the Privy Council and invested with the Order of the Garter. In the autumn of that year Norfolk and Surrey suppressed a rebellion against the King by the Duke of Buckingham. Both Howards remained close to King Richard throughout his two-year reign, and fought for him at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485, where Surrey was wounded and taken prisoner, and his father killed. Surrey was attainted in the first Parliament of the new King, Henry VII, stripped of his lands, and committed to the Tower of London, where he spent the next three years.

Service under Henry VII
Howard was offered an opportunity to escape during the rebellion of the Earl of Lincoln in 1487, but refused, perhaps thereby convincing Henry VII of his loyalty. In May 1489 Henry restored him to the earldom of Surrey, although most of his lands were withheld, and sent him to quell a rebellion in Yorkshire. Surrey remained in the north as the King's lieutenant until 1499. In 1499 he was recalled to court, and accompanied the King on a state visit to France in the following year. In 1501 he was again appointed a member of the Council, and on 16 June of that year was made Lord High Treasurer. Surrey, Bishop Richard Foxe, the Lord Privy Seal, and Archbishop William Warham, the Lord Chancellor, became the King's 'executive triumvirate'. He was entrusted with a number of diplomatic missions. In 1501 he was involved in the negotiations for Catherine of Aragon's marriage to Arthur, Prince of Wales, and in 1503 conducted Margaret Tudor to Scotland for her wedding to King James IV.

Service under Henry VIII
Surrey was an executor of the will of King Henry VII when the King died on 21 April 1509, and played a prominent role in the coronation of King Henry VIII, in which he served as Earl Marshal. He challenged Thomas Wolsey in an effort to become the new King's first minister, but eventually accepted Wolsey's supremacy. Surrey expected to lead the 1513 expedition to France, but was left behind when the King departed for Calais on 30 June 1513. Shortly thereafter James IV launched an invasion, and Surrey, with the aid of other noblemen and his sons Thomas and Edmund, crushed James's much larger force near Branxton, Northumberland, on 9 September 1513 at the Battle of Flodden. The Scots may have lost as many as 10,000 men, and King James was killed. The victory at Flodden brought Surrey great popular renown and royal rewards. On 1 February 1514 he was created Duke of Norfolk, and his son Thomas was made Earl of Surrey. Both were granted lands and annuities, and the Howard arms were augmented in honour of Flodden with an escutcheon bearing the lion of Scotland pierced through the mouth with an arrow.

Final years
In the final decade of his life, Norfolk continued his career as a courtier, diplomat and soldier. In 1514 he joined Wolsey and Foxe in negotiating the marriage of Mary Tudor to King Louis XII of France, and escorted her to France for the wedding. On 1 May 1517 he led a private army of 1300 retainers into London to suppress the Evil May Day riots. In May 1521 he presided as Lord High Steward over the trial of Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham. According to Head, 'he pronounced the sentence of death with tears streaming down his face'.

By the spring of 1522, Norfolk was almost 80 years of age and in failing health. He withdrew from court, resigned as Lord Treasurer in favour of his son in December of that year, and after attending the opening of Parliament in April 1523, retired to his ducal castle at Framlingham in Suffolk where he died on 21 May 1524. His funeral and burial on 22 June at Thetford Priory were said to have been 'spectacular and enormously expensive, costing over £1300 and including a procession of 400 hooded men bearing torches and an elaborate bier surmounted with 100 wax effigies and 700 candles', befitting the richest and most powerful peer in England. After the dissolution of Thetford Priory, the Howard tombs were moved to the Church of St Michael the Archangel, Framlingham. A now-lost monumental brass depicting the 2nd Duke was formerly in the Church of St. Mary at Lambeth.

Marriages and issue
On 30 April 1472 Howard married Elizabeth Tilney, the daughter of Sir Frederick Tilney of Ashwellthorpe, Norfolk, and widow of Sir Humphrey Bourchier, slain at Barnet, son and heir apparent of Sir John Bourchier, 1st Baron Berners. They had issue:
1) Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
2) Sir Edward Howard
3) Lord Edmund Howard, father of Henry VIII's fifth Queen, Catherine Howard
4) Sir John Howard
5) Henry Howard
6) Charles Howard
7) Henry Howard (the younger)
8) Richard Howard
9) Elizabeth Howard, married Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, and was mother of Queen Anne Boleyn, and grandmother of Queen Elizabeth.
10) Muriel Howard (d.1512), married firstly John Grey, Viscount Lisle (d.1504), and secondly Sir Thomas Knyvet

Norfolk's first wife died on 4 April 1497, and on 8 November 1497 he married, by dispensation dated 17 August 1497, her cousin, Agnes Tilney, the daughter of Hugh Tilney of Skirbeck and Boston, Lincolnshire and Eleanor, a daughter of Walter Tailboys. They had issue:

William Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Effingham
Lord Thomas Howard (1511–1537)
Richard Howard (d.1517)
Dorothy Howard, married Edward Stanley, 3rd Earl of Derby
Anne Howard, married John de Vere, 14th Earl of Oxford
Catherine Howard, married firstly, Rhys ap Gruffydd. Married secondly, Henry Daubeney, 1st Earl of Bridgewater.
Elizabeth Howard (d. 1536), married Henry Radclyffe, 2nd Earl of Sussex.

Footnotes
Richardson 2004, pp. 236, 504; Cokayne 1936, pp. 41, 612
Richardson 2004, p. 236
Head 2008.
Head 2008; Cokayne 1936
Richardson 2004, pp. 141, 236; Cokayne 1912, pp. 153–154
Richardson 2004, p. 236; Loades 2008
Richardson 2004, p. 236;Warnicke 2008
Richardson 2004, p. 236; Hughes 2007
Richardson 2004, p. 236; Gunn 2008.
Richardson 2004, p. 237
Richardson 2004, p. 237; Riordan 2004
Weir 1991, p. 619
Richardson 2004, p. 237; Cokayne 1916, pp. 209–211
Richardson 2004, p. 237; Cokayne 1945, pp. 244–245
Douglas Richardson. Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families, 2nd Edition. 2011. pg 267-74.
Douglas Richardson. Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families, 2nd Edition. 2011. pg 523-5.
Alleged daughter of Henry de Beaumont, 3rd Lord and Margaret de Vere [Douglas Richardson. Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families, 2nd Edition. 2011. pg 523.]

References
Cokayne, George Edward (1912). The Complete Peerage edited by the Honourable Vicary Gibbs. II. London: St. Catherine Press.
Cokayne, George Edward (1916). The Complete Peerage edited by the Honourable Vicary Gibbs. IV. London: St. Catherine Press.
Cokayne, George Edward (1936). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday. IX. London: St. Catherine Press.
Cokayne, George Edward (1945). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday. X. London: St. Catherine Press.
Cokayne, George Edward (1953). The Complete Peerage, edited by Geoffrey H. White. XII, Part I. London: St. Catherine Press.
Davies, Catherine (2008). Howard (née Tilney), Agnes, duchess of Norfolk (b. in or before 1477, d. 1545), noblewoman. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 12 March 2011.
Gunn, S.J. (2008). Knyvet, Sir Thomas (c.1485–1512), courtier and sea captain. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
Head, David M. (2008). Howard, Thomas, second duke of Norfolk (1443–1524), magnate and soldier. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 12 March 2011.
Hughes, Jonathan (2007). Boleyn, Thomas, earl of Wiltshire and earl of Ormond (1476/7–1539), courtier and nobleman. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
Knafla, Louis A. (2008). Stanley, Edward, third earl of Derby (1509–1572), magnate. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
Loades, David (2008). Howard, Sir Edward (1476/7–1513), naval commander. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
McDermott, James (2008). Howard, William, first Baron Howard of Effingham (c.1510–1573), naval commander. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 12 March 2011.
Richardson, Douglas (2004). Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company Inc. Retrieved 17 March 2011.
Riordan, Michael (2004). Howard, Lord Thomas (c.1512–1537), courtier. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 12 March 2011.
Ridgard, John (1985). Medieval Framlingham. 27. Woodbridge: Suffolk Record Society.
Warnicke, Retha M. (2008). Katherine (Catherine; nee Katherine Howard) (1518x24-1542), queen of England and Ireland, fifth consort of Henry VIII. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
Weir, Alison (1991). The Six Wives of Henry VIII. New York: Grove Weidenfeld.

Attribution
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Mandell, Creighton (1891). "Howard, Thomas II (1473-1554)". In Lee, Sidney. Dictionary of National Biography. 28. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 64–67.

Further reading
Harris, Barbara. "Marriage Sixteenth-Century Style: Elizabeth Stafford and the Third Duke of Norfolk," Journal of Social History, Spring 1982, Vol. 15 Issue 3;
Head, David M. Ebbs & Flows of Fortune: The Life of Thomas Howard, Third Duke of Norfolk (1995), 360pp; the standard scholarly biography

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Howard,_2nd_Duke_of_Norfolk&oldid=773159314"
Categories: Dukes of NorfolkBarons MowbrayBarons SegraveHoward family (English aristocracy)Earls of SurreyPeople of the Wars of the RosesLord High StewardsLord High Treasurers of EnglandEarls MarshalKnights of the GarterPeople educated at Ipswich School1443 births1524 deathsMale Shakespearean charactersPeople of the Tudor periodPrisoners in the Tower of LondonPeople educated at Thetford Grammar School16th-century English politicians
This page was last edited on 31 March 2017, at 17:58.
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Thomas Howard, 2nd duke of Norfolk, (born 1443—died May 21, 1524, Framlingham, Suffolk, Eng.), noble prominent during the reigns of Henry VII and Henry VIII of England.

Son of the 1st Duke of Norfolk, Thomas Howard early shared his father’s fortunes; he fought at Barnet for Edward IV and was made steward of the royal household and created Earl of Surrey in 1483 (at the same time that his father was created duke). Taken prisoner at Bosworth Field while fighting for Richard III, he was attainted and remained in captivity until January 1489, when he was released and restored to his earldom of Surrey but not to the dukedom of Norfolk. He was then entrusted with the maintenance of order in Yorkshire and with the defense of the Scottish borders; he was made lord treasurer and a privy councillor in 1501, and he helped to arrange the marriage between Margaret, the daughter of Henry VII, and James IV of Scotland. Henry VIII, too, employed him on public business, but the earl grew jealous of Thomas Wolsey, and for a short time he absented himself from court. He commanded the army that defeated the Scots at Flodden in September 1513, and he was created Duke of Norfolk in February of the following year, with precedency as of the creation of 1483.

In his later years Norfolk worked more harmoniously with Wolsey. He was guardian of England during Henry’s absence in France in 1520, and he acted as lord high steward at the trial of his friend Edward Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, in 1521.

Thomas married Tilney, Elizabeth on 30 Apr 1472 in Norwich, Norfolk, England. Elizabeth (daughter of Tilney, Sir Frederick and Cheney, Elizabeth) was born in 1445 in Ashwellthorpe, Norfolk, England; died on 4 Apr 1497 in Thetford, Norfolk, England; was buried after 4 Apr 1497 in Thetford, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thomas married Tilney, Lady Elizabeth Agnes on 8 Nov 1497 in England. Elizabeth (daughter of Tilney, Henry and Tailboys, Eleanor) was born in 1477 in Ashwellthorpe, Norfolk, England; died in May 1545 in London, London, England; was buried on 31 May 1545 in Thetford Abbey, Thetford, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Countess of Bridgewater
• FSID: 9SLR-JRR

Catherine married ap Gruffydd, Sir Rhys in 1524 in North Crawley, Buckinghamshire, England. Rhys (son of ap Rhys, Gruffydd and St John, Catherine) was born in 1508 in Wales; died in Dec 1531 in Tower Hill, London, London, England; was buried on 4 Jan 1532 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: L6GB-V48
• Birth: 1508, Newton, Lancashire, England

Family/Spouse: Jones, Lady Eleanor. Eleanor (daughter of Jones, Thomas) was born in 1529 in Newton House, Llandeilo, Carmarthenshire, Wales; died in 1595 in Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: L7XL-KJG

Thomas married Scudamore, Sybill in 1553 in Swansea, Glamorgan, Wales. Sybill (daughter of Skydmore, John and Vaughan, Sybil) was born in 1536 in Glamorgan, Wales; died in 1635 in Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Nickname: Scion

Notes:

John ap Philip Thomas
From GENi

John ap Philip Thomas
Also Known As: "Sion"
Birthdate: circa 1554 (26)
Birthplace: Monmouthshire, Wales, United Kingdom
Death: Died 1580 in Monmouthshire, Wales, United Kingdom

Immediate Family:
Father:
Philip ap Thomas
Sybell Griffith / Rice / Thomas
Spouse:
Gwenllian Thomas
Children:
Rice Thomas
Evan Thomas

In 1585 John Philip Thomas inherited the Grosmont-Manor. He married in Swansea and had issue.

The manor of Grosmont comprised the parishes of Grosmont and Llangua, the boundaries being identical, together with that part of the parish of Llanfihangel lying between the brook called and the boundary of Llangua, being the hamlet of Penbiddle.

John married Herbert, Gwenllian in 1578 in Swansea, Glamorgan, Wales. Gwenllian (daughter of Herbert, Watkin and Thomas, Margaret) was born in 1558 in Skenfrith, Monmouthshire, Wales; died in 1584 in Swansea, Glamorgan, Wales; was buried in 1584 in Swansea, Glamorgan, Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]