Notes
Matches 7,701 to 7,750 of 7,802
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| 7701 | Wikiwand Claudia[1][2][3] (born 57 BC/56 BC) was the daughter of Fulvia by her first husband Publius Clodius Pulcher. She was the stepdaughter of Mark Antony and half-sister of his sons Marcus Antonius Antyllus and Iullus Antonius. Biography She had one full sibling from her parents; Publius Clodius Pulcher, and three half-brothers from her mother Fulvia; Gaius Scribonius Curio, Marcus Antonius Antyllus and Iullus Antonius. Mark Antony was her mother's third husband. As Clodius had done previously, Antony was happy to accept Fulvia's money to boost his career. Following Julius Caesar's assassination in 44 BC, Antony formed the second triumvirate with Octavian and Lepidus and embarked on a savage proscription. To solidify the political alliance, Fulvia offered Claudia to young Octavian as wife, while Lepidus offered his wife's niece Servilia (daughter of Junia Prima and Publius Servilius Isauricus).[4] Subsequently, Octavian chose Claudia. Not much is known about their marriage and little information survives about Claudia. These actions caused political and social unrest, but when Octavian asked for a divorce from Claudia, Fulvia herself decided to take action. Together with Lucius Antonius, her brother-in-law, she raised eight legions in Italy to fight for Antonius' rights against Octavian, in what became the Perusine War. The army occupied Rome for a short time, but eventually retreated to Perusia (modern Perugia). Octavian besieged Fulvia and Lucius Antonius in the winter of 41-40 BC, starving them into surrender. Fulvia was exiled to Sicyon, where she died of a sudden illness. Octavian divorced Claudia to marry Scribonia, with whom he would have his only child, Julia the Elder. His marriage with Claudia was never consummated and when he divorced her, he stated that she was still a virgin.[5] | Appius Claudius Nero (I34113)
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| 7702 | Wikiwand Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus (January 14, 38 BC – summer of 9 BC), born Decimus Claudius Drusus,[also called Drusus Claudius Nero, Drusus, Drusus I, Nero Drusus, or Drusus the Elder was a Roman politician and military commander. He was a patrician Claudian on his birth father's side but his maternal grandmother was from a plebeian family. He was the son of Livia Drusilla and the legal stepson of her second husband, the Emperor Augustus. He was also brother of the Emperor Tiberius, father to both the Emperor Claudius and general Germanicus, paternal grandfather of the Emperor Caligula, and maternal great-grandfather of the Emperor Nero. He launched the first major Roman campaigns across the Rhine and began the conquest of Germania, becoming the first Roman general to reach the Weser and Elbe rivers. In 12 BC, Drusus led a successful campaign into Germania, subjugating the Sicambri. Later that year he led a naval expedition against Germanic tribes along the North Sea coast, conquering the Batavi and the Frisii, and defeating the Chauci near the mouth of the Weser. In 11 BC, he conquered the Usipetes and the Marsi, extending Roman control to the Upper Weser. In 10 BC, he launched a campaign against the Chatti and the resurgent Sicambri, subjugating both. The following year, while serving as consul, he conquered the Mattiaci and defeated the Marcomanni and the Cherusci, the latter near the Elbe. However, Drusus died later that year, depriving Rome of one of its best generals. Childhood Drusus was the youngest son of Livia Drusilla from her marriage to Tiberius Claudius Nero, who was legally declared his father before the couple divorced. Drusus was born between mid-March and mid-April 38 BC, three months after Livia married Augustus on 17 January. Gerhard Radke has proposed the date of March 28 as his most likely birthday, while Lindsay Powell interprets Ovid's Fasti as indicating a date of 13 January. Rumors arose that Augustus was the child's real father, although this has never been authoritatively proven. Claudius, however, encouraged the rumor during his reign as emperor to create an impression of more direct lineage from Augustus. According to Suetonius, Drusus was originally given "Decimus" as his praenomen, the first of a Roman male's conventional three names in Roman naming practice at the time. Nero was a traditional cognomen (third name) of the Claudii, whereas Drusus was given to a branch of the "gens Livia." Using a cognomen such as Nero as a first name was unusual, as was the prominence given to his maternal lineage in adopting Drusus as his cognomen. Drusus was raised in Claudius Nero's house with his brother, the future emperor Tiberius, until his legal father's death. The two brothers developed a famously close relationship that would last the rest of their lives. Tiberius named his eldest son after his brother, and Drusus did likewise, although eldest sons were usually named after their father or grandfather. Marriage Drusus married Antonia Minor, the daughter of Mark Antony and Augustus' sister, Octavia Minor, and gained a reputation of being completely faithful to her. Their children were Germanicus, Claudius, a daughter named Livilla ('little Livia'), and at least two others who did not survive infancy. After Drusus' death, Antonia never remarried, though she outlived him by nearly five decades. Three emperors were direct descendants of Drusus: his son Claudius, his grandson Caligula, and his great-grandson Nero. Drusus was returning from his advance to the Elbe when he fell from his horse,[39] lingering on for a month after the accident, by which point Tiberius had joined him. Shortly before his death he wrote a letter to Tiberius complaining about the style in which Augustus ruled.[citation needed] Suetonius reports that he had refused to return to Rome just before his death. Drusus' body was brought back to the city, and his ashes were deposited in the Mausoleum of Augustus. He remained extremely popular with the legionaries, who erected a monument (the Drususstein) in Mogontiacum (modern Mainz) on his behalf. Remnants of this are still standing. | Nero Claudius Drusus (I34049)
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| 7703 | Wilbur Raymond Vollrath, 86, of Pilot Grove, Missouri passed away peacefully at Katy Manor in Pilot Grove on January 8, 2020 surrounded by his loving family. Wilbur was born December 18, 1933 to Joe and Lorene Stoecklein Vollrath. He married Eunice Mae Knipp on January 11, 1955 at St. Andrew's in Tipton, Missouri. Wilbur attended grade school at St. Martins at Martinsville and graduated from Pilot Grove High School in 1952. He loved to share stories about his life experiences. He spent most of his working career as a carpenter and enjoyed working on his farm. Wood working and restoring tractors were his passions. He was a Pilot Grove volunteer fireman for many years, active in the Pilot Grove Lions Club, was a member of the Pilot Grove City Council and other various church and community organizations. He was a member of St. Joseph Catholic Church. He enjoyed visits from his children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Wilbur and Eunice enjoyed traveling and one of the highlights of his travels was his trip to Germany in 2014 to meet his family from his German heritage and to see where his Grandpa Stoecklein was born. He was preceded in death by his parents; brother Pete Vollrath; in-laws Oscar and Margaret Knipp, Ken Knipp, Elmer and Sara Miller, Jerry and Charlie Young. Wilbur is survived by his loving wife, Eunice of the home; children Steve (Susie) Vollrath of Sunrise Beach, Missouri, Mark (Linda) Vollrath, Sherry (Mike) Barry, Mary (Gregg) Triebsch all of Pilot Grove. He was blessed with 11 grandchildren and 19 great-grandchildren. He is also survived by sisters Joyce Knipp, Janet Young, Barbara Young; brothers James (Joyce), David (Jean), and Donald Vollrath; sister-in-law Johnnie Vollrath; and numerous nieces and nephews. Mass of Christian burial will be 10 a.m. Saturday, January 11, 2020 at St. Joseph Catholic Church in Pilot Grove with burial immediately following in St. Joseph Catholic Cemetery. Visitation will be 5:30 to 7:30 p.m. Friday evening at the church with Rosary beginning at 5 p.m.. Memorials are suggested to St. Joseph Catholic Church. Published in Boonville Daily News from Jan. 9 to Jan. 18, 2020 | Vollrath, Wilbur Raymond (I19402)
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| 7704 | Will Dated 06 Mar 1693 I Give and bequeath all the rest of my Estate both real and personal, unto my son Peter, whom I make the Soul Executor of this my Last will and testament. He faithfully performing what is herein 'im parted' both to my Self, wife, & children. That is to be understood, that my son Peter, who is herein mentioned my Executor, that he do well and faithfully provide for me and my wife, what is necessary for both of us During our natural life. Life Event 11 Apr 1677 [9, 11] whereas "I Thomas Browne of Newbury ... did give unto Peeter Godfry, in marriage with my Daughter when they first maryed, the possession of the house and Barne & eleven acres of earable Land, adjoyning to the sd House in Newbury aforesayd, as also seaven acres of meadow land lyeing at hither end of Birchen meadows, next George Little's, with a four acre lott in plumb island which was granted to me for my freehold portion with the privilege of com[mon]age ... wch premisses the sayd peter Godfry has possest ever since, but having no assurance of it, in writing, I the abovesaid Thomas Browne, do ... give, grant ... unto the said Peeter Godfry his heirs and assigns forever ... provided the said Peeter Godfry his heirs & assigns pay yearly, and from year to year, forty shillings ... unto me ... during my natural life, if it be demanded" One Barton family.net's Genealogy Project - Peter Godfrey Events of 1635 in Essex County The first white child born was Mary, daughter of Thomas Brown, who afterwards married Peter Godfrey, and lived to be eighty-six. "..of good repute as a maid and wife, and a widow." | Browne, Mary (I34674)
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| 7705 | WILL OF COLBARD FUGATE Russell County, Virginia Will Book 4, Page 8 Executed 14 Sep 1819 http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~varussel/probate/colbardfugate.html --------------------------------------------------- From The Fugate Family of Russell Co., VA by David Farris, Gateway Press 1986 There is some doubt as to who the original Fugate was in America. Early genealogists thought that Peter LaFoucate of Baltimore County, Maryland was the original settler. Further study, however, casts doubt on this and points to James Fugett who married Martha Poel (Poole). James was the son of James Fugett and Emaline Lamb of Ltegray, London. James Fugett married Martha Poel in Henrico County, Virginia in 1694. The county was established in 1611, just four years after Jamestown. It extended on both sides of the James River from the junction of the James and Appomattox Rivers to the Blue Ridge Mountains. In 1634 there were 4914 settlers in Virginia, with 419 of these in Henrico County. In 1694 Henrico County consisted of Goochland (1727), Albemarle (1744), Amherst(1761), Fluvanna(1777), Nelson, Chesterfield (1747), Cumberland(1749), Buckingham(1732), Powhatan and part of Appomattox Counties as well as the cities of Richmond, Charlottesville and Colonial Heights. The boundaries have remained essentially unchanged since 1747. They are known to have resided in Perquimans Precinct, North Carolina, from 1697 to 1702. Josias Fugate is the earliest confirmed Fugate. He resided in the Northern Neck of Virginia in the Brunswick Parish of King George County. In Josias' will, dated 18 March, 1757, he mentions his sons Francis, John, Josias, Randolph, Martin and daughter Ann Swillavant, as well as his wife, Mary. Mary has, by tradition, been assumed to be Mary Martin. It is probable that his sons John, Josias, Randolph, and Martin, had moved elsewhere to settle. Randolph is known to have been in Orange County, Virginia, by 1738. Martin Fugate was recorded in Frederick County in 1755. The area he was located in was possibly the area known as Dunmore County from 1772 to 1777, renamed Shenandoah County in 1777, and later divided into Page and Warren Counties. He was also recorded in Culpeper Co., Virginia, in 1761, 1763, and 1775. It is probable that all his children were born in this area. His brother John Jr. was recorded as selling his land in the same area on 09 October, 1771 then purchasing land in 1772 in the Moccasin Valley in what was then Botetourt County, and later Fincastle, Washington, and finally Russell County. Martin was first noted in Russell County in 1789 as "exempt from taxation". It was in Russell County that Martin Fugate's estate was settled on 29 June, 1803. The area which is now Russell County was an intertribal Indian hunting preserve until 1745 when it became part of Augusta County. Between 1769 and 1785 it was contained in Botetourt, Fincastle, and Washington Counties. In 1786, Russell Country was formed from Washington County. The boundary lines extended from Clinch Mountain to the Cumberland Gap on the Kentucky Border and eastward to a point near Bluefield, Virginia. In 1790 the County had a population of 3338, including 190 slaves. The first known group of settlers arrived in Castles Woods, in 1770. Among this group, then considered squatters, was Charles Bickley, brother of Mary Carter. They claimed and settled on land to which they could not obtain legal title because of problems with the Loyal Company, Indians, and the Crown. Many of these first settlers did not obtain legal right to their land until the 1780s. A good account of the settlement of Southwest Virginia is given by Judge Lyman Chalkley. In 1772, Francis Fugate settled at Moccasin Creek, one year after Col. John Tate. In 1774, because of continuing Indian raids, Captain William Russell was ordered to build a number of palisade forts as a means of protection. These forts, which protected many of the Fugate ancestors include Elk Garden Fort, where Solomon Litton was captured by Indians, Fort Blackmore, where Dale Carter was killed, and Tate's Fort, located on Col. John Tate's land. Following them were, among others, Colbert Fugate, Robert Tate Sr. and Robert Tate Jr. The Moccasin Valley, where most of the Fugates and Tates settled, is a fertile but rocky farming area located in the southwestern part of Russell County. It extends from Hansonville to near Big Moccasin Gap in Scott County, with Clinch Mountain on the south and Moccasin Ridge on the North. The name of Big Moccasin Creek, attributed to Daniel Boone about 1769 after the first settlers found Indian moccasin footprints in the soft mud of the creek banks. Martin Fugate had at least 4 sons Francis, Henley, Zachariah, and Colbert were all mentioned in court records. In addition, Benjamin and William Fugate, all residing in Moccasin Creek are probably his sons. He also may have had a daughter, Ann, married to Samuel Haddix of Moccasin Creek. A possible second daughter, married to James McCarty, was killed by Indians in 1788. Martin's son Colbert, as well as Colbert's son, Isaac Beverly Fugate, who was born on 04 May, 1804, lived in Moccasin Valley, Russell County their entire lives. Colbert Fugate came to Russell County, VA in 1771 and settled on what was known as Big Moccasin Creek. Colbert Fugate served in Virginia's legislature for two terms. Colbert and his wife are buried on the family plantation which is still in the Tate family of Lebanon, VA. John Tate and Mary Bracken are buried there also. WILL OF COLBERT FUGATE Russell County, Virginia Will Book 4, Page 8 Executed 14 September 1819 In the name of God. Amen! I, Colbert Fugate of the county of Russell and State of Virginia being sick and weak in body but of sound mind and disposing memory (for which I thank God) and calling to mind the uncertainty of human life, and being desirous to dispose of all such worldly estate as it hath pleased God to bless me with - I give and bequeath the same in manner following, that is to say: 1st. I bequeath to Hannah Fugate, my wife, the plantation whereon I now live together with my farming utensils and household furniture except such part thereof as is herein otherwise disposed of, my stock of hogs, one Sorrell mare called Phillis, one three year old colt called the Brafford colt, three milk cows to be chosen by herself and all my slaves also ten head of sheep; all which I give and bequeath to her during her widowhood for the maintenance of herself and my infant children, Samuel Bracken, Isaac Beverly, Lucinda Clark and Lydia Drucilla Milford Fugate. If my said wife should hereafter marry then it is my will and desire that she should have the use of my said plantation during her natural life together with every thing above devised to her, except my slaves, which in that event, she is to have no part of. 2d. I have heretofore given to my son Robert Fugate and conveyed to him, the tract of land whereon he lives except a small portion of the purchase money which he paid, in addition to which and bequeath to him fifty acres of land adjoining his said plantation, which said 50 acres was purchased by my said son Robert and myself, together with all other property advanced by me to him. 3d. I have given to my son Zachariah Fugate the plantation in Scott County which I purchased of James Gibson Sen. who did not convey the same previous to his death, some of his heirs have conveyed part of it to my said son Zachariah & myself. It is my will and I hereby bequeath to my said son Zachariah the said plantation together with all the other property which I have advanced to him, and desire that a complete conveyance be made to him of the said land by the heirs and representatives of said Gibson, or if they all not make the said conveyance, that by a suit as he compel them to do so. And this property being more than I desire for the share of my said son, Zachariah, I require that he pay to my son Samuel Bracken Fugate within seven years from the date of this my will, five hundred dollars which I leave as a charge on the said land. 4th. I bequeath to my daughter Mary Dorton one hundred dollars in cash, in addition to what I have already advanced to her, and in addition to her equal share with my other children of such devices herein after inserted as shall dispose of any part of my property in that manner. 5th. I bequeath to my son John one hundred acres of land lying on Mocherson Ridge at the head of Dever's branch and one hundred dollars in cash, in addition to what I have already advanced him, and also in addition to what will be herein after devised to him equally with my other children. 6th. I bequeath to my daughter Edith one grey mare, saddle and bridle which she has not in possession; two good cows being those two called hers. Eight head of sheep: One feather bed and furniture and one hundred dollars in cash in addition to what will be herein after devised to her equally with my other children. 7th. I bequeath to my son Samuel Bracken Fugate five hundred dollars to be paid him as aforesaid by my son Zachariah. Also two cows, one two year hold heifer and one yearling, one spotted 2 year old colt, a bridle and saddle to be purchased by my executors and to be worth thirty dollars; one feather bed and furniture, and if the said horse dies before my said son attains full age, then I give him one hundred dollars in addition. I also give to my said son Samuel Bracken my Negro boy Billy hereby revoking so much of the devise to my wife as as gives the said Negro boy Billy to her. I also give to my said son Samuel Bracken the north west quarter of section seven of township four north, in range eight west of the tract of country appropriate for military bounty land in the state of Illinois, which quarter section contains one hundred and sixty acres, and was conveyed to me by Thomas Ja_____ and Mary his wife. 8th. I bequeath to my son Isaac Beverly Fugate ____in the plantation whereon I now liv Delegate to the Virginia House | Fugate, Colbert O (I31700)
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| 7706 | WILL OF COLBERT FUGATE Russell County, Virginia Will Book 4, Page 8 Executed 14 September 1819 In the name of God. Amen! I, Colbert Fugate of the county of Russell and State of Virginia being sick and weak in body but of sound mind and disposing memory (for which I thank God) and calling to mind the uncertainty of human life, and being desirous to dispose of all such worldly estate as it hath pleased God to bless me with - I give and bequeath the same in manner following, that is to say: 1st. I bequeath to Hannah Fugate, my wife, the plantation whereon I now live together with my farming utensils and household furniture except such part thereof as is herein otherwise disposed of, my stock of hogs, one Sorrell mare called Phillis, one three year old colt called the Brafford colt, three milk cows to be chosen by herself and all my slaves also ten head of sheep; all which I give and bequeath to her during her widowhood for the maintenance of herself and my infant children, Samuel Bracken, Isaac Beverly, Lucinda Clark and Lydia Drucilla Milford Fugate. If my said wife should hereafter marry then it is my will and desire that she should have the use of my said plantation during her natural life together with every thing above devised to her, except my slaves, which in that event, she is to have no part of. 2d. I have heretofore given to my son Robert Fugate and conveyed to him, the tract of land whereon he lives except a small portion of the purchase money which he paid, in addition to which and bequeath to him fifty acres of land adjoining his said plantation, which said 50 acres was purchased by my said son Robert and myself, together with all other property advanced by me to him. 3d. I have given to my son Zachariah Fugate the plantation in Scott County which I purchased of James Gibson Sen. who did not convey the same previous to his death, some of his heirs have conveyed part of it to my said son Zachariah & myself. It is my will and I hereby bequeath to my said son Zachariah the said plantation together with all the other property which I have advanced to him, and desire that a complete conveyance be made to him of the said land by the heirs and representatives of said Gibson, or if they all not make the said conveyance, that by a suit as he compel them to do so. And this property being more than I desire for the share of my said son, Zachariah, I require that he pay to my son Samuel Bracken Fugate within seven years from the date of this my will, five hundred dollars which I leave as a charge on the said land. 4th. I bequeath to my daughter Mary Dorton one hundred dollars in cash, in addition to what I have already advanced to her, and in addition to her equal share with my other children of such devices herein after inserted as shall dispose of any part of my property in that manner. 5th. I bequeath to my son John one hundred acres of land lying on Mocherson Ridge at the head of Dever's branch and one hundred dollars in cash, in addition to what I have already advanced him, and also in addition to what will be herein after devised to him equally with my other children. 6th. I bequeath to my daughter Edith one grey mare, saddle and bridle which she has not in possession; two good cows being those two called hers. Eight head of sheep: One feather bed and furniture and one hundred dollars in cash in addition to what will be herein after devised to her equally with my other children. 7th. I bequeath to my son Samuel Bracken Fugate five hundred dollars to be paid him as aforesaid by my son Zachariah. Also two cows, one two year hold heifer and one yearling, one spotted 2 year old colt, a bridle and saddle to be purchased by my executors and to be worth thirty dollars; one feather bed and furniture, and if the said horse dies before my said son attains full age, then I give him one hundred dollars in addition. I also give to my said son Samuel Bracken my Negro boy Billy hereby revoking so much of the devise to my wife as as gives the said Negro boy Billy to her. I also give to my said son Samuel Bracken the north west quarter of section seven of township four north, in range eight west of the tract of country appropriate for military bounty land in the state of Illinois, which quarter section contains one hundred and sixty acres, and was conveyed to me by Thomas Ja_____ and Mary his wife. 8th. I bequeath to my son Isaac Beverly Fugate ____in the plantation whereon I now liv From: Appalachian Aristocracy FROM:http://www.appalachianaristocracy.com/getperson.php?personID=I5305&tree=01 | Fugate, Mary Edith (I31659)
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| 7707 | At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Sexton, William Blake "WILL" (I10643)
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| 7708 | Willa of Provence was an early medieval Frankish queen in the Rhone valley. It is certain that she was the first consort of Rudolf I of Upper Burgundy; and later, from 912, consort of Hugh of Arles, border count of Provence, who in 926 became king of Northern Italy. Willa van de Provence was een vroegmiddeleeuwse Frankische koningin in het Rhônedal. Het is zeker dat ze de eerste echtgenote was van Rudolf I van Opper-Bourgondië; en later, vanaf 912, gemalin van Hugo van Arles, grensgraaf van de Provence, die in 926 koning van Noord-Italië werd. Everything else in her genealogy is more or less UNCERTAIN. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guilla_of_Provence https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willa_de_Provence https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willa_di_Provenza | de Provence, Guilla (I34298)
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| 7709 | William Andrew Staley was born in Morgan county on May 9, 1892, son of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Staley. He was married to Miss Margaret Day of Pilot Grove, on November 8, 1926, and they had two children, Lillian Margaret and Edward, who survive. William died at the United States Veterans Hospital at Excelsior Springs, Mo., on Thursday, aged 42 years, surrounded by his mother, Mrs. Ellen Staley, his widow and his sister, Mrs. W. T. White and Mr. White. He was preceded in death by a brother, Patrick Edmund Staley. - Sedalia Democrat - Friday, February 15, 1935 pg.4 -------------------------------------------- Info from death cert. Son of Tom Staley & Nellie Johnson. Married at time of death, wife Margaret Staley. Aged 42 yrs, 9 mons, 5 dys. | Staley, William Andrew (I15809)
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| 7710 | William Cole, ll From GENi William Cole, ll Also Known As: "William; Coale;" Birthdate: 1632 (46) Birthplace: Jamestown, (Present James City County), Virginia Colony Death: Died October 30, 1678 in Anne Arundel County, Province of Maryland Immediate Family: Father: William Cole Mother: Sarah Cole Spouses: Hester Coale; Hannah Galloway Cole and Elizabeth Harrison Cole Children: William Coale, lll; William Coale, lV; Thomas Cole; Sarah Coale; Elizabeth Smith; Cassandra Giles Philip Coale Siblings: William Cole; Mary Gwither; Jane Cole; John Cole Richard Cole About William Cole, ll Married three times: Hester (before 1655) Hannah (circa 1666) Elizabeth Thomas(circa 1670) He was a farmer. He was a Quaker minister. He resided circa 1651 at West River, Anne Arundel Co., MD. William Cole II was born in 1633 in the Puritan area near Jamestown, VA to William and Sarah Cole. He grew up there, then moved with his father to St. Mary's Co., MD in 1650. In 1655 he married Hester ____ at Severn, MD and was established in Severn by 1656. His first child, William Cole III was born on 9/26/1655. In 1657 two influential visitors, Thomas Thurston and Josiah Coale came and preached to a growing group of Friends (Quakers). William started writing his name Coale after this. At this time William II associated with older relative, Thomas Cole. In 1658 William refused to bear arms in the militia and was subjected to land penalties. In 1660 William moved his family to the West River in Anne Arundal Co., MD. West River is 30 miles south of Baltimore on the western shore of Chesapeake Bay. He owned 150 acres called "Great Bonnerston". Hester evidently died because in 1666 he married Hannah Galloway, the widow of Richard Galloway, in Ann Arundal Co., MD. They had a son, William Cole, IV born on 10/20/1667 at West River, Anne Arundal Co., MD. Jack Cole of Huntsville, AL believes they also had a son John born in 1669. Hannah probably died in childbirth because her date of death is November, 1669. In 1670 he married a third time to Elizabeth Thomas, daughter of Philip and Sarah Harrison Thomas. William II bought 500 acres on the Patuxent River called "Portland Manor" and another 100 acre tract called "Hickory Hills". In 1672 a dynamic English Founder of Society of Friends visited William. In 1676 William II moved from "Great Bonnerston" to "Portland Manor". William III took over the old homestead "Great Bonnerston" and William IV took over "Hickory Hills". William II died in 1678. Sources: 1.Abbrev: Ball>Crawford>Esau>Legg>Woody> Carmen Johnson Title: Ball>Crawford>Esau>Legg>Woody> Carmen Johnson Author: Carmen Hope Esau Johnson Repository: Name: Carmen Hope Johnson Po Box-545 Hoxie, KS 67740-0545 USA From The Thomas Family: WILLIAM COALE, of Anne Arundel Co., Md., was an eminent Minister of the Society of Friends, and the minute-book of the "Meeting at the Clifts " contains a number of testimonies to his memory, recorded at the time of his death. He /«., first, HESTER . Issue: i. WILLIAM, b. September 21, 1655, of whom presently. WILLIAM COALE, »,., second, HANNAH , who d. November 20, 1669. Issue: ii. WILLIAM, b. October 20, 1667 (q. v.). WILLIAM COALE, m., third, ELIZABETH, daughter of Philip and Sarah (Harrison) Thomas { iii. ELIZABETH, b. August 30, 1671; m. NATHAN, second son of Thomas Smith, Sr.,5 merchant, of Calvert Co., Md., and Alice, his wife. He d. 1711 (will, November 23, 1710; probate, January 30. 1710-11 ; Liber W. B., No. 5, folio 146). Issue (surname Smith)— order uncertain: 1 Will made October 26. 1678, proved February, 1678-79. Liber W. B., folio 02, names *' wife Elizabeth;" "son William, begotten of Hester, his wife ; son William, begotten of Hannah, his second wife; sons Samuell and Philip and daughter Elizabeth, begotten of his wife Elizabeth." * Will, January 13, 1685 ; his wife's, May 4, 1698. L JOSEPH, ■>., May 4,1710, LAURANA or LEURAN1A, daughter of Daniel and Elizabeth Richardson (g. v.). u. NATHAN. iii. WILLIAM. iv. THOMAS. v. PHILIP. vi. ELIZA or ELIZABETH. vii. SAVANA or SUSANNA. viii. SARAH. ix. MARY. X. CASSANDRA, m., January, 1722-23. JOHN GILES, JR. Issue (surnameGILES): i. Sarah, b, December 26, 1723 ; m. Samuel, son of Gerrard and Margaret (Johns) Hopkins (?. ?-.). ii. Elizabeth, m. Bankster. iv. PHILLIP, b. September 6, 1673 (g. v.). v. SAMUELL, b. April 9, 1676 | Coale, William II (I24777)
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| 7711 | William Cole, of Colehanger From GENi William Cole Birthdate: circa 1439 (50) Birthplace: Slade, Devon, England Death: Died 1489 in Slade, Devon, England Immediate Family: Father: Sir John Cole, Lord of Nythway Mother: Jane Cole Spouse: Elizabeth Cole Children: John Cole, of Rill, Esq.; Agnes Cole; Stephen Cole William Cole Siblings: Margaret Kelloway Baroness of Otterton(Cole) Simon Cole, of Slade About William Cole, of Colehanger The Genealogy of the Family of Cole, of the County of Devon: Of the County of Devon, and of ... by JAMES. EDWIN-COLE WILLIAM COLE younger son of John, and grandson of Sir John Cole, knight, married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Richard Weston of Wiltshire, knight, and by her had a son and heir. ______________________ The Peerage of Ireland: Or, A Genealogical History of the Present ..., Volume 6 By John Lodge, Mervyn Archdall https://books.google.com/books?id=z4oUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA38&lpg=PA38&dq=Anne+Bodrugan&source=bl&ots=jaO9s7uwCr&sig=i-Fr1KnO_TnuijJgmyfyFxMvQYM&hl=en&ei=2hC-TK3tI4OisQPw7t3gDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CBkQ6AEwAzge#v=onepage&q=Anne%20Bodrugan&f=false https://archive.org/details/peerageofireland06lodg https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/38/mode/1up .... etc. William Cole of Hutenefleigh in county of Devon, who was living in the year 1243 † 1 his son and heir Roger, living in 1295, (24 K. Edward I.) 2 was the father of Roger, living in the time of K. Edward II. 3 whose son John of the counties of Devon and Cornwall, had free warren, in Tanner, Liddeston, Hokefbere, and Hutenefleigh, in Devon 4 and it appears by a fine (15 Edward III.) that he was possefssed of the manors of Respnel, in county of Cornwall, Launceston, and Stokley and of the manor of Uptamun ; Nythway ; and Hutenefleigh ; the third part of the manor of Winfton ; and divers other lands in the county of Devon : he left a fon and heir. Sir John Cole, Knt. of Nythway, who married Anne, daughter and heir to Sir Nicholas Bodrugan, Knt. ‡ and † .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/39/mode/1up had issue William, who married Margaret, daughter of Sir Henry Bewpell, and by her was the father of Sir John Cole, Knt.— who married Agnes daughter of —— Fitz-Waryn, Knt. and had iffue four sons, viz. Sir Adam his heir; who succeeded at Nythway and marrying Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Richard Wefton, Knt. had a fon John, the father of John, who left iffue, only two daughters, his coheirs, viz. Elizabeth, married to John Huddy of Stowell in county of Somerfet, chief juftice of England ; and Joan, to John Anne of county of Gloucefter. John, of whom hereafter. William, who married and had iffue two fons ; Stephen his heir : and William, the father of John, who marrying Elizabeth daughter of John Martyn, had two fons, Edward, and William ; Edward, the eldeft, was principal regifter to the bifhop of Winchefter, and married a daughter of William Holcroft, by her he had iffue four fons, and two daughters, viz. Edward his fucceffor in the regiftry (who married Elizabeth Ebden of Winchefter, and died after 1622, leaving Edward, Jane, Elizabeth, and Sufan) ; William, (who died without iffue) ; Martin, (who married Drufilla, daughter of —— Vaus of Outiam, Efq and had iffue) ; John, (who married a daughter of John Lynch, Efq. and had iffue) ; Anne, (married to Thomas Fryar) ; and Jane, (to Lancelot Thorp, alderman of Winton). William, brother to Edward the regifter, married Catharine, daughter of Ferdinand Galgas a Spaniard, and had two fons, viz. Robert (married to Anne, daughter of —— Cooke of Keofey in Suffolk and died without iffue) ; and Roger (who married Anne, daughter of Edward Mafters of Rotherith in Surrey), Stephen (eldeft fon of William, and grandfon of Sir John) married Joan, daughter and heir to John White, and had John his heir, who https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/40/mode/1up .... etc. Robert, (fourth fon of Sir John) was father of John of Treworge in Cornwall, who had a fon Walter, the father of Stephen, who, by his wife Jane, daughter and heir to Robert Wyatt, had John Cole of Cornwall, Efq. his heir. We now return to John, fecond fon of Sir John Cole, Knt. who married Jane, daughter of Robert Meryot of Devon, and had two fons, viz. Simon his heir; and William of whom prefently. Simon Cole the eldeft fon was feated at Slade in county of Devon, and marrying Alice, daughter and coheir to —— Leure, had a daughter Johan .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/41/mode/1up William, younger fon of John, and grandfon of Sir John Cole, Knt. married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Richard Weften of Wiltfhire, Knt. and by her had a fon and heir John who married Mary, daughter and heir to Thomas Archdeacon of Devon, Gent, † and had iffue .... etc. _________________ William Cole M, b. circa 1456 William Cole was born circa 1456 at of Colehanger, Devonshire, England. Family Child Agnes Cole+ b. c 1482 From: http://our-royal-titled-noble-and-commoner-ancestors.com/p2787.htm#i83754 | Cole, Sir William of Colehanger (I25243)
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| 7712 | William Cole, of London From GENi William Cole Birthdate: circa 1538 (63) Birthplace: London, Middlesex, England Death: Died February 16, 1601 in London, Middlesex, England Place of Burial: City of London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom Immediate Family: Father: Thomas Cole, of London Mother: Elizabeth Cole Spouses: Elizabeth Cole Ann Cole Children: Reverend Humphreys Cole; Robert Cole; William Cole; Margaret Cole; Michael Cole; and William Cole « less Siblings: Thomas Cole; Emmanuel Cole, of London; Solomon Cole, of London; James Cole; Martha Worsop (Cole); John Cole; Anes. Coles ? Cole About William Cole, of London Family parents: Thomas COLE b: Abt 1525 in <, Slade, Devon, England> & Elizabeth HARGRAVE b: Abt 1525 in <, London, Middlesex, England> Married: Abt 1573 in <, London, Middlesex, England> 1 2 Ann COLLES b: Abt 1550 in <, Bradwell, Buckingham, England> Note: CHAN19 Oct 2002 Children William COLE b: Abt 1586 in <, London, Middlesex, England> Thomas COLE b: 1588 in <, London, Middlesex, England> Margaret COLE b: Abt 1590 in <, London, Middlesex, England> Michael COLE b: Abt 1592 in <, London, Middlesex, England> Sources The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints "FamilySearch® Ancestral File™ v4.19" : "Genealogical Research of Kirk Larson" Discussion Notes profile changed on 18 Aug 2012 from: Sir William James Cole 1/15/1520 Enniskillen, County Sligo, Connacht, Ireland As it does not seem possible for a child of these parents to have been born in 1520. The more "traditional" (LDS) birth date of About 1541 in London has been reverted to. Internet discussion below. Was Governor of Enniskillen...from book, "Recollections of Olden Times" about Swansea, Bristol, RI COLE Henry Cole, of Britain, surnamed by some the "Hawksfaced," began to reign over that portion of the territory known as Essex in the present day, and also Hertfordshire, in the year 238, and added to his dominion shortly afterward the principality of North Essex, by his marriage to Seradwin, its heiress, a princess of the Eadda, whence in still later times came the pendragon kings of Uther's royal race, among whom was King Arthur of the Round Table. The Coles owned land in Essex, Wiltshire, Devonshire and Derbyshire under Edward the Conqueror. He was a great lover of flowers and plants, and married the daughter of de Lobel, from whom the plant Lobelia is named, the celebrated botanist and physician of James I. The Cole family owned lands on the ridge of hills called Highgate, near the Kingston line. (History of Plymouth). [Much of this later history is in dispute, and the marriage to Mary L'Obel has been largely disproven.] Another discussion from the Cole Genealogy forum: "Try, Enniskillen, Fermanagh, Ireland---the Cole's founded and still own most of the land in this town today--I have found references to the Cole's as a far back as 600 in Ireland. Family word says they originated there. They were in England for a while and also in Wales." "And again, "family word" this many years down the pike is extremely unreliable. Besides, history tells us that the family was English and sent to Ireland with orders to establish a barony and "control the Irish." Which they did, but not admirably so." "William Cole founded Eniskillen Ireland and successfully fought the English attack in defense of the city. So far all of my family words and bible records are accurate. Just have not gone that far back. The story is that they pledged allegiance to England to save their land and some went to England and Wales for about 200 years. They then were sent back to Ireland to their lands, but all did not defend the English---many took the side of the Irish---Colbhain--I think the spelling is incorrect here--is the name that the family is said to descend from. So, basically the period before the records start in England they were indeed Irish." "It is doubtful that James was of this family. But while it is still possible, one must consider that James was never mentioned as a member of the peerage. (Although he apparently had some wealth.)" I have looked into those very locations, and although there is considerable Cole history there, I have not been able to confirm that James Cole born about 1600 and located in Barnstaple, Devon, England in the early 1620's has any link to them. That is the crucial piece that is missing. "If someone can DOCUMENT James' father, then I may be able to pursue the Irish lineage...I have heard much in the way of speculation, but so far no one is willing/able to show me proof of his parentage..." "To Timothy, My family line is from William Cole. His son James was born in 1600 Barnstaple, Devonshire, England.As to other information you said that he was not the Earl of Enniskillen. Sorry but you are wrong on this. He was the Earl of Enniskillen, Sligo, Ireland. He was also the baron of Grinstead. He also built the florance court house . This is my direct line. And I do have confirmation. And yes [there] were Coles in Ireland. Their were also located in Kildare area. If you want some more information don't hesitate to email me at nikolbravewolf@aol.com." "Nikol, I would like some more information about James Cole of your line. From what little I know of England and Ireland during that period of time, I suspect you are correct. The English kings were trying to rid Ireland of all native peoples in order to give their land to the king's favorites (meaning those to whom he owed something in return for favors rendered to him such as fighting his battles). And I have read a little about The Great Migration (I have not seen a copy) and I have read on this forum I think it was about the seemingly favored position of James Cole in Plymouth. For example if he were one of the religous people in the community, why would he have been allowed to serve ale at his establishment? He seems to have been some kind of representative of the merchant class that financed the people to Plymouth colony. Yes, I hope you can give us more information from your records. Thanks. Wanda Cole" ___________________ William Cole1 M, #26561, b. circa 1536, d. 16 February 1600 Father Thomas Cole b. c 1516 Mother Elizabeth Hargraves b. c 1498 William Cole married Ann Colles, daughter of Michael Colles and Mary Graunt (Grand). William Cole was born circa 1536 at of England. He died on 16 February 1600. Family Ann Colles b. c 1550, d. 1603 Child William Cole+ b. c 1570 Citations [S74] Brent Ruesch's Research Notes. From: http://our-royal-titled-noble-and-commoner-ancestors.com/p884.htm#i26561 _____________ William Cole Birth: 1521 Greater London, England Death: Feb. 16, 1601 Greater London, England Family links: Parents: Thomas Cole (1494 - 1571) Elizabeth Hargraves Cole (1498 - 1574) Spouse: Ann Colles Cole (1520 - 1598) Children: William James Cole (1546 - 1623)* Burial: St Mary Colechurch (Defunct), London, City of London, Greater London, England Find A Grave Memorial# 124460239 From: http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=124460239 ________________ Thomas Cole Birth: 1494 Devon, England Death: Apr., 1571 Greater London, England Thomas Cole was born at "The Slade". the ancestral home of a long line of Coles. He was the second son of John Cole and Mary Archdeacon, therefore, according to the law of progeniture, he was not to inherit his father's estates. He went to London and became a wealthy grocer living in the Parish of All Hallows on Honey Lane. Honey Lane was just off Cheapside in London, one of the main thoroughfares with markets held in the middle of the road. The great processions passed through Cheapside and Monarchs rode through from the Tower to be crowned at Westminster. The inhabitants of Honey Lane had a front-row seat to English history. He married Elizabeth Hargrave, daughter of Thomas Hargrave, "citizen and haberdasher" of London. It is very likely that he served an apprenticeship under Thomas Hargrave before opening his own "grocer" which inventoried a variety of items other than just food. His children were: William James b. May 1540, who married Annes Colles (Cole) daughter of Michael Colles (Cole); Elizabeth died young, Martha b. Aug 1541. who married John Warsop of Clapham in Surrey; Thomas b. Dec 1543,who became a priest and died unmarried; Emanuel b. 1545 and married Margaret Ingram, daughter of Hugh Ingram of London. (Their son, William Cole, settled in Ireland and became immediate ancestor of distinguished descendants in Ireland, the Earls of Enniskillen;) John b. Jun 1545; Solomon b. Jan 1547. d.Nov 1629 at Liss in Hampshire and married Mary Dering, heiress of Thomas Dering; ; Barnabus b. Jul 1551; Matthew b. Dec 1552; John b. Oct 1554. Burial: All Hallows by the Tower Church, London, City of London, Greater London, England Find A Grave Memorial# 143000427 From: http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=cole&GSfn=thomas&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1571&GSdyrel=in&GScntry=5&GSob=n&GRid=143000427&df=all& _________________ The Genealogy of the Family of Cole, of the County of Devon: Of the County of Devon, and of ... by JAMES. EDWIN-COLE https://archive.org/details/genealogyfamily00edwigoog https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n15/mode/1up Pg.2 1 WILLIAM COLE, of Hutenesleigh (now called Hittisleigh) in the county of Devon, living in the year 1243, whose son and heir https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n16/mode/1up Pg.3 2 ROGER COLE,* had "his dwelling at Coleton," in Chumleigh, and also held, in 27 Henry III., Hantesford, in that parish.† In 25th of Edward I. he was "returned from the county of Cornwall as holding lands or rents to the amount of £20 yearly value and upwards, either in Capite or otherwise, and as such summoned under the general writ to muster at London, on Sunday next after the Octaves of St. John the Baptist (7 July, 1297), to perform Military Service in person with horses and arms, &c., in parts beyond the Seas ;" ‡ and also again summoned with his son William§ to muster at Berwick-on-Tweed, on the nativity of St. John the Baptist, to perform service against the Scots in 1301. He was father of 3 ROGER (of whom immediately), and of the above-named William, who probably perished in this expedition, as there is no further trace of him ; and perhaps his early death may account for the omission of his name in the family pedigree drawn up, in July 1630, by Sir William Segar, Garter, King-at-Arms. 3 ROGER was heir to his father Roger, and lived in the reign of Edward II. ; his son and heir was 4 JOHN COLE, of the counties of Devon and Cornwall, who, in 1324, was described as "John Cole de Tamer, Man-at-Arms, || and https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n17/mode/1up Pg.4 returned by the Sheriff of the county of Devon, pursuant to Writ tested at Westminster, 9 May, as summoned by proclamation to attend the Great Council at Westminster, on Wednesday after Ascension Day, 30 May, 17 Edward II." In the 9th of Edward III (1335) he had free warren in Tamer, Lydeston, Hokesbere, and Hutenesleigh in the county of Devon, and in Rispernatt ;* and it appears by a Fine of 15 Edward III. (1341) that he was possessed of the manors of Respnel in the county of Cornwall, Launceston, and Stokley, and of the manor of Uptamer, Nytheway, and Hutenesleigh, the third part of the manor of Winston, and divers other lands in the county of Devon. He left a son and heir, 5 SIR JOHN COLE, knight, of Nythway, in the parish of Brixham, who, on 25th July, 4 Richard II. (1380) was "knighted (before the castle of Ardres) in Fraunce, by the Erl of Buckingham Thomas of Woodstock, Lord Deputy there for the King,"† and who married Anne, daughter and heiress to Sir Nicholas Bodrugan,‡ knt., by whom he had issue, https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n18/mode/1up Pg.5 6 WILLIAM COLE (called Sir William Cole of Tamar, knt., by De la Pole, and also in a Herald's Visitation of Devon), who married Margaret, daughter of Sir Henry Beaupell, knt, and by her was the father of https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n19/mode/1up Pg.6 7 SIR JOHN COLE, knt, who was in "the Retynew of the Duke of Gloucester,* at the Battell of Agincourt on Fryday, the XXVth day of October in the yere of our Lord God, 1415, and in the Third yere of the Reigne of the most Excellent Prince, King Harry the Fifte ;" and it is probable that he received his spurs for his conduct on that glorious field. He married Agnes, daughter of Sir —— Fitzwarine, knt., and had issue four sons, viz : — I. Sir Adam Cole, knt., his heir, who succeeded at Uptamer and Nythway, and marrying Elizabeth,† daughter of Sir Richard Weston, knt, had a son John, the father of John, who left issue only two daughters, his co-heirs, viz. : — Elizabeth, married to Sir John Huddy, of Stowell, co. Somerset, Chief Justice of England ; and Joane, married to John Anne of ——— co, Gloucester. Sir Adam also married Margaret,† daughter of Sir Henry de la https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n20/mode/1up Pg.7 Pomeroy, knt., and their sole daughter,* married John Holbeame of Holbeame, in co. Devon, esq., and had issue William Holbeame†, Sir William de la Pole adds, "from Margaret, wife of Adam Cole, is descended Baynham of Gloucestershire." 8 II. JOHN COLE, of whom hereafter (see p. 12). 8 III. WILLIAM COLE,‡ who married and had two sons, William 9 (of whom hereafter), and Stephen, his heir, who married https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n21/mode/1up Pg.8 Joane,* daughter and heiress to John White, by whom he had Jane, married to Robert Tozer ; Mary, married John Kestall (or Castell) ; Joane, married to John Truebody ; Thomasine married to John Tucker; and John Cole, his heir, who married Margaret,† daughter and heiress to Thomas Clarke, and by her had issue : — 1. John, his heir (who married Margaret, daughter to John Fortescue of Spriddleston, and had a son, John, who died s. p) ; 2, William, eventual heir ; 3, George ; 4, Edward ;‡ 5, Thomas ; 6, John ; 7, Roger ; 8, Stephen ; and Anne, married to Thomas Jeoffery of Tredineck. IV. Robert Cole § (fourth son of Sir John and Agnes) was father of John Cole of Treworgee in St. Cleer, near Liskeard, who had a son Walter, the father of Stephen, who by his wife Jane, daughter and heiress to Robert Wyatt, had John Cole, of Cornwall, || esquire, his heir. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n22/mode/1up Pg.9 9 WILLIAM COLE (see p. 7) was father of JOHN COLE of Sudbury,* in 10 Suffolk, "where he lies buried," who married Elizabeth, daughter of John Martyn of —— , by whom he had five sons, viz. : — I. Martin Cole, M.P. for Sudbury, 14 Queen Elizabeth, who married Ellen, daughter of —— Hancocke, by whom he left, 1, Martin Cole of Sudbury, who married Anna, daughter of —— Andrews, but died s.p. 9 December, 1620, and left by his will, dated 28 September, 18 James 1st, a yearly rent-charge of £14 to be distributed among the poor, and the ministers of Sudbury; 2, Caesar Cole, heir to his brother, 40 years old in 1620, who married Margaret, daughter of —— White, and had Elizabeth, Martin, John, and Thomas; 3, Richard Cole ; and a daughter, married to —— Brown. II. William Cole of Sudbury married Catalina, or Catherine, daughter of Ferdinando de Gallegos, a Spaniard of noble extraction, and had two sons, of whom the elder, Robert, married Anna, daughter of —— Cooke of Kersey, in Suffolk, and died s. p, ; and the second, Roger, was, in 1623, of the parish of St. Saviour's, in Southwark, in the co. of Surrey, gent. ; he married Anne daughter of Edward Maisters of Rotherhithe, in Surrey, by whom he had issue, 1 Roger, 2 Roger, 3 John, who all died young, Elizabeth, married to William Oland of London, Susanna married to William Locke of Merton, in Surrey, Anne and Catalina. This William Cole married secondly Elizabeth Rushan, by whom he had 1 John, 2 Martin, 3 William, 4 Edward, 5 Jeoffrey, 6 Parnell, and Elinor, married to James Raye. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n23/mode/1up Pg.10 III. Robert Cole (third son of John Cole and Elizabeth Martyn). IV. RICHARD COLE (son of same John and Elizabeth) was of Bishop's Waltham, in the county of Southampton, and father of .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n24/mode/1up Pg.11 V. Edward Cole, (sometimes called eldest son of John and Eliz.), was principal registrar to the Bishop of Winchester, mayor of that city in 1587, and M.P. for the same in 43 Queen Elizabeth ; he married Christian, daughter of Wm. Holcroft, and by her had issue, four sons, and two daughters, viz : — .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n25/mode/1up Pg.12 II. We now return to JOHN,* (second son of Sir John Cole, knt.) who married Jane, daughter of Robert Meryot of Devon, and had two sons, viz. : — Simon, his heir ; and WILLIAM, of whom presently, viz., on p. 22. Sir Simon (as he is frequently designated) † was seated at Slade, in the parish of Cornwood, in the county of Devon, and died 12 Henry VII. (1497). He married Alice,‡ daughter and co-heir to — Leuri, of the county of Devon, had a daughter Joane, married to William Hele,§ of South Hele in Copneywood, Devonshire, esq. (by whom she had issue, represented by James Modyford Hele, who died a minor in August, 1716) § and a son, John Cole, of Slade, one of his Majesty's Justices of the Peace for the county of Devon in 1512-13, etc., who died 21 Nov., 35 Henry VIII., (1543), having had issue by his wife, Thomasine, || daughter and heiress to Thomas Wallcot of Walcot in the county of https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n35/mode/1up 9 WILLIAM COLE (before-mentioned on p. 12) younger son of John, and grandson of Sir John Cole, knt., married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Richard Weston of Wiltshire, knt., and by her had a son and heir, 10 JOHN COLE, who married Mary, daughter and heiress to Thomas Archdeacon,* alias Ercedekne of Devon, gent, and had, issue, https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n36/mode/1up Pg.23 11 THOMAS COLE, of London, who died April, 1571. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Hargrave of London, and had issue, four sons, and a daughter, Martha, who was married to John Warsop, of Clapham in Surrey, gentleman, .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n39/mode/1up Pg.26 The sons of the said THOMAS COLE of London, who died April 1571, and was buried in Allhallows Church, London, were, I. WILLIAM COLE of London, who died 16 February, 1600 (43 Elizabeth) : he married Anne, daughter of Michael Colles of Bradwell, Bucks, and by her, who died 1603, had issue, I.a Michael, son and heir, æt. 20 ann. 9 mens., on 6 February, 1502, who married Margaret, daughter of —— Skynner, of the county of Kent, and had an only daughter .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n40/mode/1up Pg.27 II.a WILLIAM, born 158[7?] married Elizabeth, daughter to Nathaniel Deards of London, silkman, and had issue: — 1, Arthur; 2, William; 3, Michael, who died s. p.; 4, Humphrey; 5, NATHANIEL (of whom and whose descendants see a full account on page 32); 6, Thomas, M.A., * who "was educated at Westminster school, and then elected, 8 July, 1651, sutdent of Christ Church, Oxford. .... 7, Robert (son of Wiliam and Elizabeth) was Sir Robert Cole of Ballymackey, in the county of Tipperary, Ireland, knt., which honour was .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n41/mode/1up Pg.28 III.a Thomas Cole (son of Wm. Cole and Anne, daughter of Michael Colles) was of the Inner Temple, London, of Wethouse in the parish of Walderne in Sussex, and also of the Court of Wards and Liveries He compiled the "ESCHEATS,"* .... he married Katherine, daughter of John Warnett of Hempstead, in Framfield, in the county of Sussex, gent., who died 24 October, 1648, by whom he had issue: .... He married, secondly, on 15 May 1651, a daughter of James Preston of London. II. Thomas Cole (son of Thomas and Elizabeth, see pp. 23 and 26) in Holy Orders, and B.D., died s. p. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n42/mode/1up Pg.29 III. EMANUEL COLE (son of Thomas and Elizabeth, see pp. 23 and 26) was immediate ancestor of the Earls of Enniskillen (see p. 41). IV. Solomon Cole (son of Thomas and Elizabeth) of Lyss, in the county of Southampton (born 8 January 1547, buried at Lyss 23 Nov., 1629) * married Mary, daughter and heiress of Thomas Deering, of Lyss, esq. (by Winifred, daughter of Sir George Cotton, of Combermere, in Cheshire) and had five sons and two daughter, vix.: — I. .... etc. ______________________ The Peerage of Ireland: Or, A Genealogical History of the Present ..., Volume 6 By John Lodge, Mervyn Archdall https://books.google.com/books?id=z4oUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA38&lpg=PA38&dq=Anne+Bodrugan&source=bl&ots=jaO9s7uwCr&sig=i-Fr1KnO_TnuijJgmyfyFxMvQYM&hl=en&ei=2hC-TK3tI4OisQPw7t3gDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CBkQ6AEwAzge#v=onepage&q=Anne%20Bodrugan&f=false https://archive.org/details/peerageofireland06lodg https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/38/mode/1up .... etc. William Cole of Hutenefleigh in county of Devon, who was living in the year 1243 † 1 his fon and heir Roger, living in 1295, (24 K. Edward I.) 2 was the father of Roger, living in the time of K. Edward II. 3 whofe fon John of the counties of Devon and Cornwall, had free warren, in Tanner, Liddefton, Hokefbere, and Hutenefleigh, in Devon 4 and it appears by a fine (15 Edward III.) that he was poffeffed of the manors of Refpnel, in county of Cornwall, Launcefton, and Stokley and of the manor of Uptamun ; Nythway ; and Hutenefleigh ; the third part of the manor of Winfton ; and divers other lands in the county of Devon : he left a fon and heir. Sir John Cole, Knt. of Nythway, who married Anne, daughter and heir to Sir Nicholas Bodrugan, Knt. ‡ and † .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/39/mode/1up had iffue William, who married Margaret, daughter of Sir Henry Bewpell, and by her was the father of Sir John Cole, Knt.— who married Agnes daughter of —— Fitz-Waryn, Knt. and had iffue four fons, viz. Sir Adam his heir; who fucceeded at Nythway and marrying Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Richard Wefton, Knt. had a fon John, the father of John, who left iffue, only two daughters, his coheirs, viz. Elizabeth, married to John Huddy of Stowell in county of Somerfet, chief juftice of England ; and Joan, to John Anne of county of Gloucefter. John, of whom hereafter. William, who married and had iffue two fons ; Stephen his heir : and William, the father of John, who marrying Elizabeth daughter of John Martyn, had two fons, Edward, and William ; Edward, the eldeft, was principal regifter to the bifhop of Winchefter, and married a daughter of William Holcroft, by her he had iffue four fons, and two daughters, viz. Edward his fucceffor in the regiftry (who married Elizabeth Ebden of Winchefter, and died after 1622, leaving Edward, Jane, Elizabeth, and Sufan) ; William, (who died without iffue) ; Martin, (who married Drufilla, daughter of —— Vaus of Outiam, Efq and had iffue) ; John, (who married a daughter of John Lynch, Efq. and had iffue) ; Anne, (married to Thomas Fryar) ; and Jane, (to Lancelot Thorp, alderman of Winton). William, brother to Edward the regifter, married Catharine, daughter of Ferdinand Galgas a Spaniard, and had two fons, viz. Robert (married to Anne, daughter of —— Cooke of Keofey in Suffolk and died without iffue) ; and Roger (who married Anne, daughter of Edward Mafters of Rotherith in Surrey), Stephen (eldeft fon of William, and grandfon of Sir John) married Joan, daughter and heir to John White, and had John his heir, who https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/40/mode/1up .... etc. Robert, (fourth fon of Sir John) was father of John of Treworge in Cornwall, who had a fon Walter, the father of Stephen, who, by his wife Jane, daughter and heir to Robert Wyatt, had John Cole of Cornwall, Efq. his heir. We now return to John, fecond fon of Sir John Cole, Knt. who married Jane, daughter of Robert Meryot of Devon, and had two fons, viz. Simon his heir; and William of whom prefently. Simon Cole the eldeft fon was feated at Slade in county of Devon, and marrying Alice, daughter and coheir to —— Leure, had a daughter Johan .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/41/mode/1up William, younger fon of John, and grandfon of Sir John Cole, Knt. married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Richard Weften of Wiltfhire, Knt. and by her had a fon and heir John who married Mary, daughter and heir to Thomas Archdeacon of Devon, Gent, † and had iffue Thomas of London, * who married Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Hargrave of London, and had iffue four fons https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/42/mode/1up and a daughter Martha, who married John Worfop of Clapham in Surry Gent. and by him had a fon .... The fons of the faid Thomas of London, were William Cole of London, who died 6 February 1600 (43 Eliz.) and having married Anne, daughter of Michael Colles of Bradwell in county of Buckingham, had iffue by her who died in 1600, two fons and one daughter Margaret, who married Robert Nave of London, Merchant, fon of —— Nave of Norfolk, Efq. — His fons were, William, (who married Elizabeth, daughter of Nathanael Deards of London, (Silkman) and had iffue Arthur; William; Michael; Humphry; Nathanael; Thomas; and Robert); and Thomas who was of the Inner-Temple London, and in 1630 was aged 42 years, he married Catharine, daughter of John Warnett of Fransfield in Suffex, Gent. and had iffue Richard, aged 4 years in 1630; Thomas who died young; John aged 1 year in 1630; William aged 4 months in fame year; and Sufan, who died young. Thomas, in holy orders, and batchelor of divinity, who left no iffue. Emanuel, immediate ancefter to the Vifcount Ennifkillen, and, Solomon, of Liffe in county of Southampton, born 8 January 1547, married Mary, daughter and heir to Thomas Deering of Liffe, Efq. and had five fons and two daughters, viz; .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/43/mode/1up Emanuel Cole (third fon of Thomas of London, as already fhown) married Margaret, daughter of —— Ingram, and aunt to Sir Arthur Ingram, Knt. (who ws living in 1629) and by her had .... etc. | Cole, Sir William James (I24981)
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| 7713 | William Cole, of London From GENi William Cole Birthdate: circa 1538 (63) Birthplace: London, Middlesex, England Death: Died February 16, 1601 in London, Middlesex, England Place of Burial: City of London, Greater London, England, United Kingdom Immediate Family: Son of Thomas Cole, of London and Elizabeth Cole Husband of Elizabeth Cole and Ann Cole Father of Reverend Humphreys Cole; Robert Cole; William Cole; Margaret Cole; Michael Cole; and William Cole « less Brother of Thomas Cole; Emmanuel Cole, of London; Solomon Cole, of London; James Cole; Martha Worsop (Cole); John Cole; Anes. Coles and ? Cole « less About William Cole, of London Family parents: Thomas COLE b: Abt 1525 in <, Slade, Devon, England> & Elizabeth HARGRAVE b: Abt 1525 in <, London, Middlesex, England> Married: Abt 1573 in <, London, Middlesex, England> 1 2 Ann COLLES b: Abt 1550 in <, Bradwell, Buckingham, England> Note: CHAN19 Oct 2002 Children William COLE b: Abt 1586 in <, London, Middlesex, England> Thomas COLE b: 1588 in <, London, Middlesex, England> Margaret COLE b: Abt 1590 in <, London, Middlesex, England> Michael COLE b: Abt 1592 in <, London, Middlesex, England> Sources The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints "FamilySearch® Ancestral File™ v4.19" : "Genealogical Research of Kirk Larson" Discussion Notes profile changed on 18 Aug 2012 from: Sir William James Cole 1/15/1520 Enniskillen, County Sligo, Connacht, Ireland As it does not seem possible for a child of these parents to have been born in 1520. The more "traditional" (LDS) birth date of About 1541 in London has been reverted to. Internet discussion below. Was Governor of Enniskillen...from book, "Recollections of Olden Times" about Swansea, Bristol, RI COLE Henry Cole, of Britain, surnamed by some the "Hawksfaced," began to reign over that portion of the territory known as Essex in the present day, and also Hertfordshire, in the year 238, and added to his dominion shortly afterward the principality of North Essex, by his marriage to Seradwin, its heiress, a princess of the Eadda, whence in still later times came the pendragon kings of Uther's royal race, among whom was King Arthur of the Round Table. The Coles owned land in Essex, Wiltshire, Devonshire and Derbyshire under Edward the Conqueror. He was a great lover of flowers and plants, and married the daughter of de Lobel, from whom the plant Lobelia is named, the celebrated botanist and physician of James I. The Cole family owned lands on the ridge of hills called Highgate, near the Kingston line. (History of Plymouth). [Much of this later history is in dispute, and the marriage to Mary L'Obel has been largely disproven.] Another discussion from the Cole Genealogy forum: "Try, Enniskillen, Fermanagh, Ireland---the Cole's founded and still own most of the land in this town today--I have found references to the Cole's as a far back as 600 in Ireland. Family word says they originated there. They were in England for a while and also in Wales." "And again, "family word" this many years down the pike is extremely unreliable. Besides, history tells us that the family was English and sent to Ireland with orders to establish a barony and "control the Irish." Which they did, but not admirably so." "William Cole founded Eniskillen Ireland and successfully fought the English attack in defense of the city. So far all of my family words and bible records are accurate. Just have not gone that far back. The story is that they pledged allegiance to England to save their land and some went to England and Wales for about 200 years. They then were sent back to Ireland to their lands, but all did not defend the English---many took the side of the Irish---Colbhain--I think the spelling is incorrect here--is the name that the family is said to descend from. So, basically the period before the records start in England they were indeed Irish." "It is doubtful that James was of this family. But while it is still possible, one must consider that James was never mentioned as a member of the peerage. (Although he apparently had some wealth.)" I have looked into those very locations, and although there is considerable Cole history there, I have not been able to confirm that James Cole born about 1600 and located in Barnstaple, Devon, England in the early 1620's has any link to them. That is the crucial piece that is missing. "If someone can DOCUMENT James' father, then I may be able to pursue the Irish lineage...I have heard much in the way of speculation, but so far no one is willing/able to show me proof of his parentage..." "To Timothy, My family line is from William Cole. His son James was born in 1600 Barnstaple, Devonshire, England.As to other information you said that he was not the Earl of Enniskillen. Sorry but you are wrong on this. He was the Earl of Enniskillen, Sligo, Ireland. He was also the baron of Grinstead. He also built the florance court house . This is my direct line. And I do have confirmation. And yes [there] were Coles in Ireland. Their were also located in Kildare area. If you want some more information don't hesitate to email me at nikolbravewolf@aol.com." "Nikol, I would like some more information about James Cole of your line. From what little I know of England and Ireland during that period of time, I suspect you are correct. The English kings were trying to rid Ireland of all native peoples in order to give their land to the king's favorites (meaning those to whom he owed something in return for favors rendered to him such as fighting his battles). And I have read a little about The Great Migration (I have not seen a copy) and I have read on this forum I think it was about the seemingly favored position of James Cole in Plymouth. For example if he were one of the religious people in the community, why would he have been allowed to serve ale at his establishment? He seems to have been some kind of representative of the merchant class that financed the people to Plymouth colony. Yes, I hope you can give us more information from your records. Thanks. Wanda Cole" ___________________ William Cole1 M, #26561, b. circa 1536, d. 16 February 1600 Father Thomas Cole b. c 1516 Mother Elizabeth Hargraves b. c 1498 William Cole married Ann Colles, daughter of Michael Colles and Mary Graunt (Grand). William Cole was born circa 1536 at of England. He died on 16 February 1600. Family Ann Colles b. c 1550, d. 1603 Child William Cole+ b. c 1570 Citations [S74] Brent Ruesch's Research Notes. From: http://our-royal-titled-noble-and-commoner-ancestors.com/p884.htm#i26561 _____________ William Cole Birth: 1521 Greater London, England Death: Feb. 16, 1601 Greater London, England Family links: Parents: Thomas Cole (1494 - 1571) Elizabeth Hargraves Cole (1498 - 1574) Spouse: Ann Colles Cole (1520 - 1598) Children: William James Cole (1546 - 1623)* Burial: St Mary Colechurch (Defunct), London, City of London, Greater London, England Find A Grave Memorial# 124460239 From: http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=124460239 ________________ Thomas Cole Birth: 1494 Devon, England Death: Apr., 1571 Greater London, England Thomas Cole was born at "The Slade". the ancestral home of a long line of Coles. He was the second son of John Cole and Mary Archdeacon, therefore, according to the law of progeniture, he was not to inherit his father's estates. He went to London and became a wealthy grocer living in the Parish of All Hallows on Honey Lane. Honey Lane was just off Cheapside in London, one of the main thoroughfares with markets held in the middle of the road. The great processions passed through Cheapside and Monarchs rode through from the Tower to be crowned at Westminster. The inhabitants of Honey Lane had a front-row seat to English history. He married Elizabeth Hargrave, daughter of Thomas Hargrave, "citizen and haberdasher" of London. It is very likely that he served an apprenticeship under Thomas Hargrave before opening his own "grocer" which inventoried a variety of items other than just food. His children were: William James b. May 1540, who married Annes Colles (Cole) daughter of Michael Colles (Cole); Elizabeth died young, Martha b. Aug 1541. who married John Warsop of Clapham in Surrey; Thomas b. Dec 1543,who became a priest and died unmarried; Emanuel b. 1545 and married Margaret Ingram, daughter of Hugh Ingram of London. (Their son, William Cole, settled in Ireland and became immediate ancestor of distinguished descendants in Ireland, the Earls of Enniskillen;) John b. Jun 1545; Solomon b. Jan 1547. d.Nov 1629 at Liss in Hampshire and married Mary Dering, heiress of Thomas Dering; ; Barnabus b. Jul 1551; Matthew b. Dec 1552; John b. Oct 1554. Burial: All Hallows by the Tower Church, London, City of London, Greater London, England Find A Grave Memorial# 143000427 From: http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=cole&GSfn=thomas&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1571&GSdyrel=in&GScntry=5&GSob=n&GRid=143000427&df=all& _________________ The Genealogy of the Family of Cole, of the County of Devon: Of the County of Devon, and of ... by JAMES. EDWIN-COLE https://archive.org/details/genealogyfamily00edwigoog https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n15/mode/1up Pg.2 1 WILLIAM COLE, of Hutenesleigh (now called Hittisleigh) in the county of Devon, living in the year 1243, whose son and heir https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n16/mode/1up Pg.3 2 ROGER COLE,* had "his dwelling at Coleton," in Chumleigh, and also held, in 27 Henry III., Hantesford, in that parish.† In 25th of Edward I. he was "returned from the county of Cornwall as holding lands or rents to the amount of £20 yearly value and upwards, either in Capite or otherwise, and as such summoned under the general writ to muster at London, on Sunday next after the Octaves of St. John the Baptist (7 July, 1297), to perform Military Service in person with horses and arms, &c., in parts beyond the Seas ;" ‡ and also again summoned with his son William§ to muster at Berwick-on-Tweed, on the nativity of St. John the Baptist, to perform service against the Scots in 1301. He was father of 3 ROGER (of whom immediately), and of the above-named William, who probably perished in this expedition, as there is no further trace of him ; and perhaps his early death may account for the omission of his name in the family pedigree drawn up, in July 1630, by Sir William Segar, Garter, King-at-Arms. 3 ROGER was heir to his father Roger, and lived in the reign of Edward II. ; his son and heir was 4 JOHN COLE, of the counties of Devon and Cornwall, who, in 1324, was described as "John Cole de Tamer, Man-at-Arms, || and https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n17/mode/1up Pg.4 returned by the Sheriff of the county of Devon, pursuant to Writ tested at Westminster, 9 May, as summoned by proclamation to attend the Great Council at Westminster, on Wednesday after Ascension Day, 30 May, 17 Edward II." In the 9th of Edward III (1335) he had free warren in Tamer, Lydeston, Hokesbere, and Hutenesleigh in the county of Devon, and in Rispernatt ;* and it appears by a Fine of 15 Edward III. (1341) that he was possessed of the manors of Respnel in the county of Cornwall, Launceston, and Stokley, and of the manor of Uptamer, Nytheway, and Hutenesleigh, the third part of the manor of Winston, and divers other lands in the county of Devon. He left a son and heir, 5 SIR JOHN COLE, knight, of Nythway, in the parish of Brixham, who, on 25th July, 4 Richard II. (1380) was "knighted (before the castle of Ardres) in Fraunce, by the Erl of Buckingham Thomas of Woodstock, Lord Deputy there for the King,"† and who married Anne, daughter and heiress to Sir Nicholas Bodrugan,‡ knt., by whom he had issue, https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n18/mode/1up Pg.5 6 WILLIAM COLE (called Sir William Cole of Tamar, knt., by De la Pole, and also in a Herald's Visitation of Devon), who married Margaret, daughter of Sir Henry Beaupell, knt, and by her was the father of https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n19/mode/1up Pg.6 7 SIR JOHN COLE, knt, who was in "the Retynew of the Duke of Gloucester,* at the Battell of Agincourt on Fryday, the XXVth day of October in the yere of our Lord God, 1415, and in the Third yere of the Reigne of the most Excellent Prince, King Harry the Fifte ;" and it is probable that he received his spurs for his conduct on that glorious field. He married Agnes, daughter of Sir —— Fitzwarine, knt., and had issue four sons, viz : — I. Sir Adam Cole, knt., his heir, who succeeded at Uptamer and Nythway, and marrying Elizabeth,† daughter of Sir Richard Weston, knt, had a son John, the father of John, who left issue only two daughters, his co-heirs, viz. : — Elizabeth, married to Sir John Huddy, of Stowell, co. Somerset, Chief Justice of England ; and Joane, married to John Anne of ——— co, Gloucester. Sir Adam also married Margaret,† daughter of Sir Henry de la https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n20/mode/1up Pg.7 Pomeroy, knt., and their sole daughter,* married John Holbeame of Holbeame, in co. Devon, esq., and had issue William Holbeame†, Sir William de la Pole adds, "from Margaret, wife of Adam Cole, is descended Baynham of Gloucestershire." 8 II. JOHN COLE, of whom hereafter (see p. 12). 8 III. WILLIAM COLE,‡ who married and had two sons, William 9 (of whom hereafter), and Stephen, his heir, who married https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n21/mode/1up Pg.8 Joane,* daughter and heiress to John White, by whom he had Jane, married to Robert Tozer ; Mary, married John Kestall (or Castell) ; Joane, married to John Truebody ; Thomasine married to John Tucker; and John Cole, his heir, who married Margaret,† daughter and heiress to Thomas Clarke, and by her had issue : — 1. John, his heir (who married Margaret, daughter to John Fortescue of Spriddleston, and had a son, John, who died s. p) ; 2, William, eventual heir ; 3, George ; 4, Edward ;‡ 5, Thomas ; 6, John ; 7, Roger ; 8, Stephen ; and Anne, married to Thomas Jeoffery of Tredineck. IV. Robert Cole § (fourth son of Sir John and Agnes) was father of John Cole of Treworgee in St. Cleer, near Liskeard, who had a son Walter, the father of Stephen, who by his wife Jane, daughter and heiress to Robert Wyatt, had John Cole, of Cornwall, || esquire, his heir. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n22/mode/1up Pg.9 9 WILLIAM COLE (see p. 7) was father of JOHN COLE of Sudbury,* in 10 Suffolk, "where he lies buried," who married Elizabeth, daughter of John Martyn of —— , by whom he had five sons, viz. : — I. Martin Cole, M.P. for Sudbury, 14 Queen Elizabeth, who married Ellen, daughter of —— Hancocke, by whom he left, 1, Martin Cole of Sudbury, who married Anna, daughter of —— Andrews, but died s.p. 9 December, 1620, and left by his will, dated 28 September, 18 James 1st, a yearly rent-charge of £14 to be distributed among the poor, and the ministers of Sudbury; 2, Caesar Cole, heir to his brother, 40 years old in 1620, who married Margaret, daughter of —— White, and had Elizabeth, Martin, John, and Thomas; 3, Richard Cole ; and a daughter, married to —— Brown. II. William Cole of Sudbury married Catalina, or Catherine, daughter of Ferdinando de Gallegos, a Spaniard of noble extraction, and had two sons, of whom the elder, Robert, married Anna, daughter of —— Cooke of Kersey, in Suffolk, and died s. p, ; and the second, Roger, was, in 1623, of the parish of St. Saviour's, in Southwark, in the co. of Surrey, gent. ; he married Anne daughter of Edward Maisters of Rotherhithe, in Surrey, by whom he had issue, 1 Roger, 2 Roger, 3 John, who all died young, Elizabeth, married to William Oland of London, Susanna married to William Locke of Merton, in Surrey, Anne and Catalina. This William Cole married secondly Elizabeth Rushan, by whom he had 1 John, 2 Martin, 3 William, 4 Edward, 5 Jeoffrey, 6 Parnell, and Elinor, married to James Raye. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n23/mode/1up Pg.10 III. Robert Cole (third son of John Cole and Elizabeth Martyn). IV. RICHARD COLE (son of same John and Elizabeth) was of Bishop's Waltham, in the county of Southampton, and father of .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n24/mode/1up Pg.11 V. Edward Cole, (sometimes called eldest son of John and Eliz.), was principal registrar to the Bishop of Winchester, mayor of that city in 1587, and M.P. for the same in 43 Queen Elizabeth ; he married Christian, daughter of Wm. Holcroft, and by her had issue, four sons, and two daughters, viz : — .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n25/mode/1up Pg.12 II. We now return to JOHN,* (second son of Sir John Cole, knt.) who married Jane, daughter of Robert Meryot of Devon, and had two sons, viz. : — Simon, his heir ; and WILLIAM, of whom presently, viz., on p. 22. Sir Simon (as he is frequently designated) † was seated at Slade, in the parish of Cornwood, in the county of Devon, and died 12 Henry VII. (1497). He married Alice,‡ daughter and co-heir to — Leuri, of the county of Devon, had a daughter Joane, married to William Hele,§ of South Hele in Copneywood, Devonshire, esq. (by whom she had issue, represented by James Modyford Hele, who died a minor in August, 1716) § and a son, John Cole, of Slade, one of his Majesty's Justices of the Peace for the county of Devon in 1512-13, etc., who died 21 Nov., 35 Henry VIII., (1543), having had issue by his wife, Thomasine, || daughter and heiress to Thomas Wallcot of Walcot in the county of https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n35/mode/1up 9 WILLIAM COLE (before-mentioned on p. 12) younger son of John, and grandson of Sir John Cole, knt., married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Richard Weston of Wiltshire, knt., and by her had a son and heir, 10 JOHN COLE, who married Mary, daughter and heiress to Thomas Archdeacon,* alias Ercedekne of Devon, gent, and had, issue, https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n36/mode/1up Pg.23 11 THOMAS COLE, of London, who died April, 1571. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Hargrave of London, and had issue, four sons, and a daughter, Martha, who was married to John Warsop, of Clapham in Surrey, gentleman, .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n39/mode/1up Pg.26 The sons of the said THOMAS COLE of London, who died April 1571, and was buried in Allhallows Church, London, were, I. WILLIAM COLE of London, who died 16 February, 1600 (43 Elizabeth) : he married Anne, daughter of Michael Colles of Bradwell, Bucks, and by her, who died 1603, had issue, I.a Michael, son and heir, æt. 20 ann. 9 mens., on 6 February, 1502, who married Margaret, daughter of —— Skynner, of the county of Kent, and had an only daughter .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n40/mode/1up Pg.27 II.a WILLIAM, born 158[7?] married Elizabeth, daughter to Nathaniel Deards of London, silkman, and had issue: — 1, Arthur; 2, William; 3, Michael, who died s. p.; 4, Humphrey; 5, NATHANIEL (of whom and whose descendants see a full account on page 32); 6, Thomas, M.A., * who "was educated at Westminster school, and then elected, 8 July, 1651, student of Christ Church, Oxford. .... 7, Robert (son of Wiliam and Elizabeth) was Sir Robert Cole of Ballymackey, in the county of Tipperary, Ireland, knt., which honour was .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n41/mode/1up Pg.28 III.a Thomas Cole (son of Wm. Cole and Anne, daughter of Michael Colles) was of the Inner Temple, London, of Wethouse in the parish of Walderne in Sussex, and also of the Court of Wards and Liveries He compiled the "ESCHEATS,"* .... he married Katherine, daughter of John Warnett of Hempstead, in Framfield, in the county of Sussex, gent., who died 24 October, 1648, by whom he had issue: .... He married, secondly, on 15 May 1651, a daughter of James Preston of London. II. Thomas Cole (son of Thomas and Elizabeth, see pp. 23 and 26) in Holy Orders, and B.D., died s. p. https://archive.org/stream/genealogyfamily00edwigoog#page/n42/mode/1up Pg.29 III. EMANUEL COLE (son of Thomas and Elizabeth, see pp. 23 and 26) was immediate ancestor of the Earls of Enniskillen (see p. 41). IV. Solomon Cole (son of Thomas and Elizabeth) of Lyss, in the county of Southampton (born 8 January 1547, buried at Lyss 23 Nov., 1629) * married Mary, daughter and heiress of Thomas Deering, of Lyss, esq. (by Winifred, daughter of Sir George Cotton, of Combermere, in Cheshire) and had five sons and two daughter, vix.: — I. .... etc. ______________________ The Peerage of Ireland: Or, A Genealogical History of the Present ..., Volume 6 By John Lodge, Mervyn Archdall https://books.google.com/books?id=z4oUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA38&lpg=PA38&dq=Anne+Bodrugan&source=bl&ots=jaO9s7uwCr&sig=i-Fr1KnO_TnuijJgmyfyFxMvQYM&hl=en&ei=2hC-TK3tI4OisQPw7t3gDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CBkQ6AEwAzge#v=onepage&q=Anne%20Bodrugan&f=false https://archive.org/details/peerageofireland06lodg https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/38/mode/1up .... etc. William Cole of Hutenefleigh in county of Devon, who was living in the year 1243 † 1 his fon and heir Roger, living in 1295, (24 K. Edward I.) 2 was the father of Roger, living in the time of K. Edward II. 3 whofe fon John of the counties of Devon and Cornwall, had free warren, in Tanner, Liddefton, Hokefbere, and Hutenefleigh, in Devon 4 and it appears by a fine (15 Edward III.) that he was poffeffed of the manors of Refpnel, in county of Cornwall, Launcefton, and Stokley and of the manor of Uptamun ; Nythway ; and Hutenefleigh ; the third part of the manor of Winfton ; and divers other lands in the county of Devon : he left a fon and heir. Sir John Cole, Knt. of Nythway, who married Anne, daughter and heir to Sir Nicholas Bodrugan, Knt. ‡ and † .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/39/mode/1up had iffue William, who married Margaret, daughter of Sir Henry Bewpell, and by her was the father of Sir John Cole, Knt.— who married Agnes daughter of —— Fitz-Waryn, Knt. and had iffue four fons, viz. Sir Adam his heir; who fucceeded at Nythway and marrying Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Richard Wefton, Knt. had a fon John, the father of John, who left iffue, only two daughters, his coheirs, viz. Elizabeth, married to John Huddy of Stowell in county of Somerfet, chief juftice of England ; and Joan, to John Anne of county of Gloucefter. John, of whom hereafter. William, who married and had iffue two fons ; Stephen his heir : and William, the father of John, who marrying Elizabeth daughter of John Martyn, had two fons, Edward, and William ; Edward, the eldeft, was principal regifter to the bifhop of Winchefter, and married a daughter of William Holcroft, by her he had iffue four fons, and two daughters, viz. Edward his fucceffor in the regiftry (who married Elizabeth Ebden of Winchefter, and died after 1622, leaving Edward, Jane, Elizabeth, and Sufan) ; William, (who died without iffue) ; Martin, (who married Drufilla, daughter of —— Vaus of Outiam, Efq and had iffue) ; John, (who married a daughter of John Lynch, Efq. and had iffue) ; Anne, (married to Thomas Fryar) ; and Jane, (to Lancelot Thorp, alderman of Winton). William, brother to Edward the regifter, married Catharine, daughter of Ferdinand Galgas a Spaniard, and had two fons, viz. Robert (married to Anne, daughter of —— Cooke of Keofey in Suffolk and died without iffue) ; and Roger (who married Anne, daughter of Edward Mafters of Rotherith in Surrey), Stephen (eldeft fon of William, and grandfon of Sir John) married Joan, daughter and heir to John White, and had John his heir, who https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/40/mode/1up .... etc. Robert, (fourth fon of Sir John) was father of John of Treworge in Cornwall, who had a fon Walter, the father of Stephen, who, by his wife Jane, daughter and heir to Robert Wyatt, had John Cole of Cornwall, Efq. his heir. We now return to John, fecond fon of Sir John Cole, Knt. who married Jane, daughter of Robert Meryot of Devon, and had two fons, viz. Simon his heir; and William of whom prefently. Simon Cole the eldeft fon was feated at Slade in county of Devon, and marrying Alice, daughter and coheir to —— Leure, had a daughter Johan .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/41/mode/1up William, younger fon of John, and grandfon of Sir John Cole, Knt. married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Richard Weften of Wiltfhire, Knt. and by her had a fon and heir John who married Mary, daughter and heir to Thomas Archdeacon of Devon, Gent, † and had iffue Thomas of London, * who married Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Hargrave of London, and had iffue four fons https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/42/mode/1up and a daughter Martha, who married John Worfop of Clapham in Surry Gent. and by him had a fon .... The fons of the faid Thomas of London, were William Cole of London, who died 6 February 1600 (43 Eliz.) and having married Anne, daughter of Michael Colles of Bradwell in county of Buckingham, had iffue by her who died in 1600, two fons and one daughter Margaret, who married Robert Nave of London, Merchant, fon of —— Nave of Norfolk, Efq. — His fons were, William, (who married Elizabeth, daughter of Nathanael Deards of London, (Silkman) and had iffue Arthur; William; Michael; Humphry; Nathanael; Thomas; and Robert); and Thomas who was of the Inner-Temple London, and in 1630 was aged 42 years, he married Catharine, daughter of John Warnett of Fransfield in Suffex, Gent. and had iffue Richard, aged 4 years in 1630; Thomas who died young; John aged 1 year in 1630; William aged 4 months in fame year; and Sufan, who died young. Thomas, in holy orders, and batchelor of divinity, who left no iffue. Emanuel, immediate ancefter to the Vifcount Ennifkillen, and, Solomon, of Liffe in county of Southampton, born 8 January 1547, married Mary, daughter and heir to Thomas Deering of Liffe, Efq. and had five fons and two daughters, viz; .... etc. https://archive.org/stream/peerageofireland06lodg#page/43/mode/1up Emanuel Cole (third fon of Thomas of London, as already fhown) married Margaret, daughter of —— Ingram, and aunt to Sir Arthur Ingram, Knt. (who ws living in 1629) and by her had .... etc. | Cole, Sir William James II (I24976)
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| 7714 | William d'Aubigny, 2nd Earl of Arundel (b. [1138-1150], d. 24 December 1193), also called William de Albini III, was the son of William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel and Adeliza of Louvain, widow of Henry I of England. [Vicary Gibbs, one of the editors of The Complete Peerage states in a footnote: c) Of course no one ever bore such a name as de Albini ; the modern surname Daubeney indicates what the name of these Earls was. V.G.] He married Matilda (or Maud) de St. Hilary and among their children was William d'Aubigny, 3rd Earl of Arundel. The Duke of Norfolk's Archives Assistant Librarian Sara Rodger wrote that William "did have three sons, 1. William who succeeded him as Earl in 1196, and 2. Alan and 3. Geoffrey, of whom we know nothing." 4. His daughter, Matilda d'Aubigny, married William de Warenne, 5th Earl of Surrey. In 1176/7 he was created Earl of Sussex and in 1190 he inherited the earldom of Arundel. He is buried at Wymondham Abbey, Norfolk, England. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_d%27Aubigny,_2nd_Earl_of_Arundel ..................................................................................... William d'Aubigny, 2nd Earl of Arundel was born before 1150. He was the son of William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel and Adeliza de Louvain. He married Matilda de St. Hilary du Harcouet, daughter of Jacques de St. Hilary du Harcouet, after 1173. He was created 1st Earl of Sussex [England] in 1176/77. He succeeded as the 2nd Earl of Arundel [E., c. 1138] on 27 June 1190. He held the office of Custos Rotulorum of Windsor Castle in 1191. He was one of the receivers for the money raised for the King's ransom in 1194. He died on 24 December 1193. He was buried at Wymondham Priory, Norfolk, England. Children of William d'Aubigny, 2nd Earl of Arundel and Matilda de St. Hilary du Harcouet 1. William d'Aubigny, 3rd Earl of Arundel d. b 30 Mar 1221 2. Matilda d'Aubigny https://www.thepeerage.com/p10473.htm#i104723 | d'Aubigny, William (I35775)
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| 7715 | William d'Évreux From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia William was a son of Robert II Archbishop of Rouen and Count of Évreux and Herlevea. As a member of the comital dynasty of Évreux, he was probably a supporter of Duke William during his consolidation of control in Normandy. He may also have been a member of the clergy as later generations of Devereux were hereditary chaplains to King Henry and King Stephen, and identified as members of the early form of the Exchequer in Normandy.[a] The Devereux family had lands at Lieuvin and Baiocasino in the pays d'Auge.[b] William married, c. 1040, Hawisa d'Échauffour, widow of Robert de Grandmesnil and daughter of Giroie, Lord of Échauffour and Gisle de Montfort-sur-Risle.[c] Orderic Vitalis names her, gives her parentage, her two husbands and seven children: six by her first marriage, one by her second to William. Hawise eventually retired to become a nun at Montivilliers along with two of Judith's half-sisters. Together William and Hawisa had a daughter: Judith d'Évreux († 1076), married Roger I of Sicily The Devereux family in England which gave rise to the Viscounts of Hereford claims descent from the Norman family of d'Évreux. As William d'Évreux's older siblings are well documented to have had no surviving male heirs, William provides the only potential source of this connection. One source claims that William, by an unidentified woman, was the father of: William Devereux, he married Helewysa de Lacy Roger Devereux Notes Gilbert Devereux was precentor of Rouen Cathedral, chaplain to Henry I, and treasurer of Normandy. He died in the mid-1120's, and was succeeded by his eldest son, William Devereux. William retired from the court to become Prior of Sainte-Barbe in 1128, and was followed by his brother, Robert Devereux, who was treasurer into Stephen's reign. Gilbert had 5 sons all of whom were involved with the treasury, and two followed their brother to Saint-Barbe. Lands here were granted to the Priory of Sainte-Barbe by William Devereux for the soul of his father, Gilbert, before 1133, and the grant was confirmed by King Stephen in 1137. These lands were in the same region as d'Evreux's brother, Ralph de Gacé, Sire de Gace. The necrology of the monastery of Ouche records the death "10 May" of "Haudvisa mater Hugonis de Grentesmesnil". | Devereux, Lord William (I25857)
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| 7716 | William Davidson Farm | Beall, Mary Ann (I27596)
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| 7717 | William DAVOL, immigrant from England, first appeared in American documentation in Duxbury, Plymouth, Massachusetts on 3 August 1640, when he applied for a parcel of land. In 1643 he was in Braintree, in 1645 in Rehoboth where he was constable in 1649 and on 17 March 1653, William was made a freeman of Newport, Rhode Island. He died after 1680. He married possibly to Elizabeth "Isabel" Anderson in Spalding, Lincolnshire, England 29 Aug 1639. Their children include John, Joseph, Benjamin and Jonathan | Davol, William (I35821)
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| 7718 | William de Aubigne (Brito) I was a younger son of the Breton seigneur Main. His cognomen Brito distinguished him from his Norman namesake, William the Pincerna (Butler) , who came from Saint-Martin-Aubigne (Manche). William de Aubigne (Brito) assisted in the victory of Tinchebray in 1106, and was in favor with Henry I, attesting numerous royal charters, the earliest belonging to the periods from 1104 to 1116. William married Cecilia, daughter of Roger Bigod and Adeliza de Tosny, the principal coheiress of her maternal grandfather Robert de Tosny, lord of the honour of Belvoir in Lincolnshire. William de Aubigne (Brito) appears to have held land in Lincolnshire, Leicestershire, Essex, Hertfordshire and Northamptonshire, some or all of which was his wife's marriage portion. The bulk of the Tosny inheritance, including Belvoir, appears not to have been held by William and Cecilia until c. 1130, after the death of Cecilia's mother Adeliza. Cecilia's younger sister Maud married William de Aubigne Pincera. https://www.quickgen.net/p/blog-page_29.html | d'Aubigny, William (I34841)
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| 7719 | William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick (c. 1238 – 1298) was the eldest of eight children of William de Beauchamp of Elmley and his wife Isabel de Mauduit. He was an English nobleman and soldier, described as a “vigorous and innovative military commander." He was active in the field against the Welsh for many years, and at the end of his life campaigned against the Scots. His father was William (III) de Beauchamp of Elmley Castle, Worcestershire, and his mother was Isabel de Mauduit, sister and heiress of William Mauduit, 8th Earl of Warwick, from whom he inherited his title in 1268. He had a sister, Sarah, who married Richard Talbot. He married Maud FitzJohn. Their children included: 1. Isabella de Beauchamp, who married firstly Sir Patrick de Chaworth and, secondly, Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester 2. Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick, who married Alice de Toeni, widow of Thomas de Leyburne. He became hereditary High Sheriff of Worcestershire for life on the death of his father in 1268. He was a close friend of Edward I of England, and was an important leader in Edward's invasion of Wales in 1277. In 1294 he raised the siege of Conwy Castle, where the King had been penned in, crossing the estuary. He was victorious on 5 March 1295 at the battle of Maes Moydog against the rebel prince of Wales, Madog ap Llywelyn. In a night attack on the Welsh infantry he used cavalry to drive them into compact formations which were then shot up by his archers and charged. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_de_Beauchamp,_9th_Earl_of_Warwick ................................................................................... William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick was born circa 1240. He was the son of William de Beauchamp and Isabel Mauduit. He married Maud fitz John, daughter of John fitz Geoffrey, Lord of Shere and Isabel le Bigod, circa 1270. He held the office of Hereditary Sheriff of Worcestershire. He held the office of Pantler at the King's Coronation. He succeeded as the 9th Earl of Warwick [E., 1088] on 8 January 1267/68. He held the office of Keeper of the Forest of Dean in 1270. He held the office of Captain of Cheshire and Lancashire in 1276. He fought in the Battle of Maes Moydog on 5 March 1294/95, where he led an English Army to defeat the Welsh. He fought in the Battle of Dunbar in 1296, where he defeated the Scots. He held the office of Steward of the forest between Oxford and Stamford in 1297/98. He held the office of Constable of Rockingham Castle in 1297/98. He died from 5 June 1298 to 9 June 1298. Children of William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick and Maud fitz John 1. Isabella de Beauchamp d. c 30 May 1306 2. Sarah de Beauchamp 3. unknown daughter de Beauchamp 4. unknown daughter de Beauchamp 5. unknown daughter de Beauchamp 6. Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick b. c 1270, d. 12 Aug 1315 http://www.thepeerage.com/p2648.htm#i26478 ....................................................................... WILLIAM DE BEAUCHAMP, Knt., of Elmley, Acton Beauchamp, Comberton, Naunton Beauchamp, Salwarpe, Stoulton, and Wadborough (in Pershore), Worcestershire, Hanslope and Hawridge, Buckinghamshire, etc., Keeper of the Forest of Dean, 1270, Captain of cos. Chester and Lancaster, 1276, Constable of St. Briavels and Rockingham Castles, Steward of the Forest between Oxford and Stamford, son and heir, born about 1238 /12 (aged 26 and 30 in 1268). He married before 1270 MAUD FITZ JOHN, widow of Gerard de Furnival, Knt., of Sheffield, Yorkshire, Worksop, Nottinghamshire, etc. (died shortly before 18 October 1261), and daughter of John Fitz Geoffrey, Knt., of Shere, Surrey, Fambridge, Essex, etc., Justiciar of Ireland, Justice of the Forest south of Trent, by Isabel, daughter of Hugh le Bigod, Earl of Norfolk [see VERDUN 8 for her ancestry]. They had two sons, 1. John and 2. Guy, Knt. [10th Earl of Warwick] and three daughters, 3. Isabel, 4. Anne (nun at Shouldham), and 5. Amy (nun at Shouldham). He was heir in 1268 to his uncle, William Mauduit, 8th Earl of Warwick, by which he inherited the Earldom of Warwick, the office of Chamberlain of the Exchequer, and the baronies of Warwick, Warwickshire and Hanslope, Buckinghamshire. "Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013) | de Beauchamp, Sir William (I35580)
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| 7720 | William de Blois (William the Simple) was Count of Blois and Count of Chartres from 1102 to 1107, and Count of Sully. He was the eldest son of Stephen-Henry, Count of Blois and Adela of Normandy, daughter of William the Conqueror and Matilda of Flanders. He was the older brother of Theobald II, Count of Champagne, King Stephen of England and Henry, Bishop of Winchester. William was the eldest legitimate male heir of William the Conqueror, after the death of Henry I, but he was not considered as a candidate for the English crown. William was at first groomed to inherit the comptal throne, and was designated count shortly before his father's departure on his second crusade in 1102. Many historians believed William had a mental deficient, but this has never been substantiated. His mother found him obstreperous and unfit for wide ranging comptal duties. He did once assault and threaten to kill the Bishop of Chartres over a jurisdictional dispute. So, when her second son Theobald came of age, around 1107, Adela elevated him to the position of count of Blois-Chartres, and William retired to his wife's lands in Sully. In 1104, William married Agnes of Sully, the heiress to the lordship of Sully-sur-Loire, a woman of admirable beauty attached to the court of William's mother. The marriage of William and Agnes was a happy one and several children were born. Their children included: Margaret (c. 1105 - 1145). She married Henry, Count of Eu, Lord of Hastings, about 1122. Henry de Sully, Abbot of Fécamp (d. 1189) https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/103820601/william-de_blois | de Blois, WIlliam (I34194)
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| 7721 | William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, KG (c. 1312 – 16 September 1360) was an English nobleman and military commander. He was the fifth son of Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford and Elizabeth of Rhuddlan. He had a twin brother, Edward. His maternal grandparents were Edward I of England and his first Queen consort Eleanor of Castile. William de Bohun assisted at the arrest of Roger Mortimer in 1330, allowing Edward III to take power. After this, he was a trusted friend and commander of the king and he participated in the renewed wars with Scotland. In 1332, he received many new properties: Hinton and Spaine in Berkshire; Great Haseley, Ascott, Deddington, Pyrton and Kirtlington in Oxfordshire; Wincomb in Buckinghamshire; Longbenington in Lincolnshire; Kneesol in Nottinghamshire; Newnsham in Gloucestershire, Wix in Essex, and Bosham in Sussex. In 1335, he married Elizabeth de Badlesmere. Her parents Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, and Margaret de Clare had both turned against Edward II the decade before. Elizabeth and William were granted some of the property of Elizabeth's first husband, who had also been Mortimer's son and heir. William was created Earl of Northampton in 1337, one of the six earls created by Edward III to renew the ranks of the higher nobility. Since de Bohun was a younger son, and did not have an income suitable to his rank, he was given an annuity until suitable estates could be found. In 1349 he became a Knight of the Garter. He served as High Sheriff of Rutland from 1349 until his death in 1360. In 1339 he accompanied the King to Flanders. He served variously in Brittany and in Scotland, and was present at the great English victories at Sluys and was a commander at Crécy. His most stunning feat was commanding an English force to victory against a much bigger French force at the Battle of Morlaix in 1342. Some of the details are in dispute, but it is clear that he made good use of pit traps, which stopped the French cavalry. In addition to being a warrior, William was also a renowned diplomat. He negotiated two treaties with France, one in 1343 and one in 1350. He was also charged with negotiating in Scotland for the freedom of King David Bruce, King of Scots, who was held prisoner by the English. From the 8 March 1352 to 5 March 1355 he was appointed Admiral of the Northern Seas, Fleet. Issue 1. Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford (1341–1373) - Eleanor de Bohun (1366 - October 3, 1399); married Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, youngest son of Edward III; mother of Anne of Gloucester. - Mary de Bohun (1368–1394); mother of Henry V of England 2. Elizabeth de Bohun (c. 1350–1385); married Richard FitzAlan, 4th Earl of Arundel [1] [1] William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, Wikipedia | de Bohun, Earl William (I25567)
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| 7722 | William de Braose (c. 1197 – 2 May 1230) was the son of Reginald de Braose by his first wife, Grecia Briwere. . The Welsh, who detested him and his family name, called him Gwilym Ddu, Black William. He succeeded his father in his various lordships in 1227, including Abergavenny and Buellt. He was captured by the Welsh forces of Prince Llywelyn the Great, in fighting in the commote of Ceri near Montgomery, in 1228. William was ransomed for the sum of £2,000 and then furthermore made an alliance with Llywelyn, arranging to marry his daughter Isabella de Braose to Llywelyn's only legitimate son Dafydd ap Llywelyn. However, it became known that William had committed adultery with Llywelyn's wife, Joan, Lady of Wales, and Braose was taken at his own home and transported to Wales. The marriage planned between their two children did, however, take place. Llywelyn had William publicly hanged on 2 May 1230, possibly at Crogen, near Bala, though others believe the hanging took place near Llywelyn's palace at Abergwyngregyn. William's wife Eva continued to hold de Braose lands and castles in her own right, after the death of her husband. She was listed as the holder of Totnes in 1230, and was granted 12 marks to strengthen Hay Castle by King Henry III on the Close Rolls (1234–1237). Per Wikipedia.org--WILLIAM DE BRAOSE (DIED 1230). William was hanged for an adulterous affair with Joan Plantagenet, wife of Llewelyn Fawr | de Braose, Earl William V (I25603)
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| 7723 | William de Braose (or William de Briouze), First Lord of Bramber (died 1093/1096) was previously lord of Briouze, Normandy. He was granted lands in England by William the Conqueror soon after he and his followers had invaded and controlled Saxon England. Norman victor Braose had been given extensive lands in Sussex[1] by 1073. He became feudal baron of the Rape of Bramber[2] where he built Bramber Castle. Braose was also awarded lands around Wareham and Corfe in Dorset, two manors in Surrey, Southcote in Berkshire and Downton in Wiltshire[1] and became one of the most powerful of the new feudal barons of the early Norman era. He continued to bear arms alongside King William in campaigns in England, Normandy and Maine in France. He was a pious man and made considerable grants to the Abbey of Saint Florent, in Saumur, and endowed the foundation of priories at Sele near Bramber and at Briouze. He was soon occupying a new Norman castle at Bramber, guarding the strategically important harbour at Steyning, and began a vigorous boundary dispute and power struggle with the monks of Fécamp Abbey in Normandy, to whom William the Conqueror had granted Steyning, brought to a head by the Domesday Book, completed in 1086. Land disputes Braose built a bridge at Bramber and demanded tolls from ships travelling further along the river to the busy port at Steyning. The monks challenged this, and they also disputed Braose's right to bury people in the churchyard of his new church of Saint Nicholas at Bramber, demanding the burial fees for themselves, despite the church's having been built to serve the castle and not the town. The monks then produced forged documents to defend their position and were unhappy with the failure of their claim on Hastings, which was very similar. They claimed the same freedoms and land tenure in Hastings as King Edward had given them at Steyning. On a technicality, King William was bound to uphold all rights and freedoms held by the Abbey before King Edward's death, but the monks had already been expelled ten years before that. William wanted to hold Hastings for himself for strategic reasons, and he ignored the problem until 1085, when he confirmed the Abbey's claims to Steyning but compensated it for its claims at Hastings with land in the manor of Bury, near Pulborough in Sussex. In 1086 King William called his sons, barons, and bishops to court (the last time an English king presided personally, with his full court, to decide a matter of law) to settle the Steyning disputes, which took a full day. The result was that the Abbey won over William de Braose, forcing him to curtail his bridge tolls, to give up various encroachments onto the Abbey's lands, including a farmed rabbit warren, a park, 18 burgage tenements, a causeway, and a channel used to fill his moat. Braose also had to organise a mass exhumation of all Bramber's dead, the bodies being transferred to the Abbey's churchyard of Saint Cuthman's in Steyning. Progeny William de Braose was succeeded as Lord of Bramber by his son, Philip de Braose, and started an important Anglo-Norman dynasty (see House of Braose). Death William de Braose was present in 1093 at the consecration of a church in Briouze, his manor of origin whence originates his family name, thus he was still alive in that year. However, his son Philip was issuing charters as Lord of Bramber in 1096, indicating that William de Braose died sometime between 1093 and 1096. House of Braose ^ a b "Domesday Map". Retrieved 10 August 2011. ^ The Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families, Lewis Christopher Loyd, David C. Douglas, The Harleian Society, Leeds, Reprinted by Genealogical Publishing Company, 1975, ISBN 0-8063-0649-1, ISBN 978-0-8063-0649-0 ^ Elwes, Dudley G. Cary (1883). The Family of de Braose, 1066–1326. pp. 1, 2. The Braose website -- From kttps://www.wikiwand.com/en/William_de_Braose,_1st_Lord_of_Bramber ---------------------------------------------------------- From https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Braose-35 Biography One of 5 castellans of the Sussex Rapes: 1072. In Domesday. Guillaume de Briouze is recorded in lists of those present at the Battle of Hastings. He became the first Lord of Bramber Rape by 1073 and built Bramber Castle. William made considerable grants to the abbey of Saint Florent, Saumur to endow the foundation of Sele Priory near Bramber and a priory at Briouze. He continued to fight alongside King William in the campaigns in Britain, Normandy and Maine. The latest evidence for William is his presence at the consecration of his church at Briouze in 1093. In 1096 his son Philip was issuing charters. From this we can deduce that William died between 1093 and 1096. Father: Uncertain. Mother: Gunnor (See Round, Cal. Doc. Fra. p148) Brydges edition of Collins' Peerage claims he was first married to Agnes, dau of Waldron de Saint Clare but no evidence for this can be found. It may be an example of Bruce - Braose confusion. According to L C Perfect, a 13th century genealogy in the Bibliothèque de Paris gives the name of his wife as Eve de Boissey, widow of Anchetil de Harcourt. There is a lot of evidence from contemporary charters which supports this view. Per British History Online: "King Alfred(d. 899) devised BEEDING manor to his nephew Aethelm, but it was later evidently resumed, for in 1066 King Edward the Confessor had it as part of his feorm. William de Braose held it in demesne in 1086, when some outlying parts had been separated from it. Thereafter it descended with Bramberrape in the Braose, Mowbray, and Howard families until 1547, except between 1290 and 1326 when Mary, widow of William, Lord Braose, held it in dower and between 1524 and 1542 when Agnes, widow of Thomas Howard, duke of Norfolk, so held it. William, Lord Braose (d. 1290), was granted free warren there in 1281." (1) "The manor of HORTON, called in the 16th century HORTON MAYBANK or HORTONHORSEY, was held in demesne by William de Braose in 1073.(1) "The manor of TOTTINGTON, often called TOTTINGTON WOWOOD, in reference apparently to the wood later known as Hoe wood or Oldwood in the north-east part of the parish, belonged in 1066 to King Harold. William de Braose held it indemesne in 1073 and 1086." "It is now generally agreed that the Sussex rapes as they existed later originated after the Norman Conquest, though there may have been other divisions of the county called rapes in Saxon times.Bramber rape had been granted to William de Braose by 1073 when he held in demesne a number of manors in a triangular area between Clapham in the west, Southwick in the east, and Shipley in the north.There seems no reason to think, as has been stated, that he received those lands appreciably later than the lords of the other rapes received their lands. The rape was known in the late 11th century by the name of its lord and perhaps alternatively as the castelry of Steyning, after its chief town. There are references of the late 11th century and c. 1139 to the castelry of Bramber; no reference to the rape of Bramber eo nomine has been found before 1188. The honor of Bramber was considered to be virtually coterminous with the rape, except in the early 13th century, when an honor or bailiwick of Knepp ,presumably corresponding to the northern part of the rape, was mentioned as well. Some lands outside Sussex were held of the honor, in Surrey, Wiltshire, and Dorset. It is not clear whether the rape was a true barony. It was, however, called a barony from 1218 or earlier, and in 1307 it was stated that baronial relief had regularly been paid in the past. William de Braose was succeeded between 1093 and 1096 by his son Philip, between 1134 and 1155 by his son William (d. c. 1192), whose son William lost his lands through confiscation in 1208 and died in 1211. Between 1210 and 1215 Roland Bloet had the keeping of the rape. William's second son, Giles, bishop of Hereford, received the rape in 1215 but died later that year.In the following year it was restored to Giles's younger brother Reynold. Reynold surrendered it in 1218 to his son William and in 1219 was sued for dower in Bramber by Maud de Clare, apparently his father's widow. In 1226 Reynold and William sold the rape to John de Braose, who had claimed it in 1219-20. He was son of William (d. 1210 or 1211). After John's death in 1232 dower was assigned in 1234 to his widow Margaret, then wife of Walter de Clifford. From 1235 to at least 1242 the rape was in the keeping of Richard, earl of Cornwall. John's son William, Lord Braose, who had come of age by 1245, was succeeded in 1290 by his son William (d. 1326). In 1316 the last William de Braose settled the reversion of the lordship of Bramber on John de Mowbray (d. 1322) and his wife Aline, one of William's daughters and heirs. In 1324 William granted his life-estate in Bramber to the Crown in return for a pension and in the same year Aline granted her reversionary interest to Hugh le Despenser, earl of Winchester, a grant which having been made under duress was later annulled. Aline was confirmed in her estates in 1328 and she and her second husband Richard de Peshale were confirmed in the lordship in 1331, the year of Aline's death. Aline's son and heir, John de Mowbray, Lord Mowbray was lord of the rape apparently in 1332 and certainly in 1333. "THE PRIORY OF SELE William de Braose, soon after he had obtained his extensive fief in Sussex, appears to have built the church of St. Nicholas at Bramber as a chapel to his castle, and to have founded there a small college of secular canons, under a dean. In 1073 he endowed this college with the church of Beeding and the tithes of a large extent of his lands in Shoreham, Southwick, Washington, Findon, Thakeham and the neighborhood. William appears also to have claimed the right of burial for his church, but about 1086 the abbey of Fécamp successfully contested this claim, and Herbert the dean (of Bramber) had to restore the bodies buried at | de Braose, William I (I31391)
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| 7724 | William de Braose, (or William de Briouze), 4th Lord of Bramber (1144/1153 – 9 August 1211), court favourite of King John of England, at the peak of his power, was also Lord of Gower, Abergavenny, Brecknock, Builth, Radnor, Kington, Limerick, Glamorgan, Skenfrith, Briouze in Normandy, Grosmont, and White Castle. William was the most notable member of the de Braose dynasty. His steady rise and sudden fall at the hands of King John is often taken as an example of that king's arbitrary and capricious behaviour towards his barons. William was the son of William de Braose, 3rd Lord of Bramber and his wife Bertha of Hereford, also known as Bertha de Pitres, (born 1130) daughter of Miles Fitz Walter, Earl of Hereford and his wife, Sibyl, daughter of Bernard de Neufmarche. From his father he inherited the Rape of Bramber, in Sussex, and through his mother he inherited a large estate in the Welsh Marches area of modern-day Monmouthshire. In 1175, William de Braose carried out the Abergavenny Massacre, luring three Welsh princes and other Welsh leaders to their deaths. His principal antagonist was a Seisyll ap Dyfnwal, of Castell Arnallt near Llanover in the valley of the River Usk near Abergavenny, whom he blamed for the death of his uncle Henry. After having invited the Welsh leaders to a Christmas feast at Abergavenny Castle under the pretense of peace and the start of a new era at the end of the year (a traditional time for settling outstanding differences amongst the Welsh), he had them murdered by his men. This resulted in great hostility against him among the Welsh, who named him the "Ogre of Abergavenny". Gerald of Wales exonerates him and emphasizes the religious piety of de Braose and his wife and de Braose generosity to the priories of Abergavenny and Brecon. William de Braose did however reputedly hunt down and kill Seisyll ap Dyfnwal's surviving son, Cadwaladr, a boy of seven. In 1192 William de Braose was made sheriff of Herefordshire, a post he held until 1199. In 1196 he was made Justice Itinerant for Staffordshire. In 1195 he accompanied King Richard I of England to Normandy and in 1199, William de Braose fought beside Richard at Châlus, where the king was mortally wounded. He then supported King John's claim to the throne of England, and represented the new king, making various royal grants. In 1203, William de Braose was put in charge of Arthur of Brittany, whom he had personally captured the previous year at the Battle of Mirebeau. William was suspected of involvement in Arthur's disappearance and death, although no concrete evidence ever came to light. There is somewhat better evidence that he at least knew the truth of the matter. William was in attendance with John in Normandy at the time of Arthur of Brittany's imprisonment and it was alleged that Arthur suffered the same fate as the Welsh princes at William's hand, although this has never been proven. Arthur's death remains a mystery. After Arthur disappeared, De Braose served in the war of 1204 against King Philip II of France in France. He was greatly favoured by King John early in his reign. John granted him all that he might conquer from the Welsh in Radnorshire, gave him lordship over Limerick in Ireland (save for the city itself), possession of Glamorgan castle, and the Lordship of Gower with its several castles. In early 1200, King John deprived Theobald Walter, 1st Baron Butler of all his offices and lands in Ireland because of his irregularities as sheriff. His lands were not restored until January 1202. ... Before 1206 William successfully claimed half of the barony of Totnes from Henry de Nonant, to which family it had been granted after its forfeiture from Juhel de Totnes. In 1206, after his service in France, King John gave William de Braose the three great neighbouring trilateral castles of Gwent (Skenfrith Castle, Grosmont Castle, and White Castle). These have been interpreted as bribes encouraging silence on the demise of Arthur, seen by many as a rightful heir to the throne occupied by John of England. At this point only an earldom separated him from the greatest in England. Soon after this, William de Braose fell out of favour with King John of England. The precise reasons remain obscure. King John cited overdue monies that de Braose owed the Crown from his estates, but the King's actions went far beyond what would be necessary to recover the debt. He distrained (seized) de Braose's English estates in Sussex and Devon, and sent a force to invade Wales to seize the de Braose domains there. Beyond that, he sought de Braose's wife, Maud de St. Valery, who, the story goes, had made no secret of her belief that King John had murdered Arthur of Brittany. De Braose fled to Ireland, then returned to Wales as King John had him hunted in Ireland. In Wales, William allied himself to the Welsh Prince Llywelyn the Great, and helped him in his rebellion against King John. In 1210, William de Braose fled Wales disguised as a beggar, to France. His wife and eldest son were captured. William died the following year in August 1211 at Corbeil, France. He was buried in the Abbey of St. Victor in Paris by a fellow exile and vociferous opponent of King John, Stephen Langton, the Archbishop of Canterbury. His hopes to return alive to Wales and for a burial in Brecon were to be unfulfilled. William's wife, Maud, and eldest son, William, once captured, were allegedly murdered by King John, possibly starved to death while incarcerated at Windsor Castle and Corfe Castle in 1210. While William had aroused the jealousy of the other barons during his rise, the arbitrary and violent manner of his fall very probably discomfited them and played a role in the Baronial uprisings of the next decade. The historian Sidney Painter, in his biography of King John, called it "the greatest mistake John made during his reign, as the King revealed to his Barons once and for all his capacity for cruelty." The de Braose lineage 1. William de Braose's eldest son, William, married Maud (Matilda) de Clare (ca. 1184–1213), the daughter of Richard de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford. This younger William was captured with his mother and starved to death in 1210. He had fathered four sons, John, Giles, Philip and Walter and although they were also held in prison, they were released in 1218. John, the eldest, was said to have been brought up secretly, in Gower, by a Welsh ally or retainer. On his release he came under the care of his uncle Giles de Braose. John made a claim to being the rightful heir of the de Braose lands and titles and although the courts did not find for him, his other uncle Reginald de Braose was able to cede by a legal convention the Baronies of both Gower and Bramber to him for a fee. This established John's branch of the family and positioned it for survival at least or, at best, an opportunity for continued future power and influence. 2. The middle son, Giles de Braose, exiled in France until 1213, was Bishop of Hereford from 1200 until his death in 1215. He made peace with King John and agreed terms for regaining de Braose lands in 1215 but had also made alliances with the Welsh leader Llywelyn the Great. He died in 1215 before he could come into the lands. 3. William's third son, Reginald de Braose reacquired his father's lands and titles for himself through simply seizing them back by force following the death of Giles. Reginald did not actually come to terms with the Crown until 1217 and the new, young King Henry III of England, after the death of King John. This, in turn, aroused the anger of Llywelyn the Great who had an understanding with Giles de Braose and the seeming duplicity caused the Welsh to attack de Braose lands in Brecon and Abergavenny and Gower. Abergavenny Castle had to be rebuilt as a result. Reginald de Braose died in 1228. 4. William's eldest daughter Matilda/Maud married a prominent Welsh prince, Gruffydd ap Rhys II of Deheubarth. 5. Another daughter, Margaret, married Walter de Lacy, Lord of Meath in Ireland and himself another powerful Marcher Lord. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_de_Braose,_4th_Lord_of_Bramber | de Braose, William III (I31388)
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| 7725 | William de la Hay MP Gender: Male Birth: circa 1100 La Haye, Cotentin, Normandy, France Death:circa 1170 (62-78) Scotland, UK Immediate Family: Son of Sir Robert de La Haye, Knight and Muriel de Lincoln Husband of Juliana de la Hays Father of William de La Haye of Errol, Butler of Scotland and Sir Robert de Haya Brother of Raoul (Ranulf, Ralph) II de la Haye; Robert de la Haye; Cecily de la Hay and Richard, baron de La Haye du Puits https://www.geni.com/people/William-de-la-Hay/6000000003828128038 About William de la Hay The name Hay is documented as dating from the 8th century in France. La Haya de Puits was a senior leader with William the Conquerors army, In 1066 one of William the Conqueror's top aides, William de-Haya Mathias landed in England where he fought at the Battle of Hastings alongside William the Conqueror. It is debated as to when exactly de-Haya Mathias was born, but historians who have researched rare family names have suggested in accordance to evidence that he was born between 1032 and 1037 in Normandy to a family of peasants. He is believed to have joined the army in the 1050s (mid or late). He quickly rose in ranks and became a well-trusted knight of the future William I of England. With the Normans having successfully defeated the English army under Harold Godwinson, William de-Haya Mathias and his family settled in Northern England. Lack of historical evidence to support this has caused a small number of Northern English historians to debunk this idea, as it is most likely that the de-Haya Mathias' settled somewhere in or around London. However, what is known is that William de-Haya Mathias died in either 1088 or 1089 and that the de-Haya Mathias family purchased land in Norway and Sweden, granted to them by the gentry there with permission of the Royalty. The de-Haya Mathias' became notorious landowners who are believed to have ordered soldiers to raid Scandinavian peasant homes to torture village and town inhabitants who were believed to be part of revolts that were popular in Europe in Norman and medieval times. When Hannak Olson de-Haya Mathias' sister married a Scottish general in King James V of Scotland's Army in 1537, the family moved to Aberdeenshire where they were accepted for their Catholicism. It was sometime during this period that the family dropped the "de-Haya" in the name and turned the Mathias into the English equivalent "Mathew" (singular). During the reign of James VI (who later became King of England in 1603 following the death of Elizabeth I) the wealthy Mathew household who owned a small percentage of land in Aberdeenshire along the coast including several farms, were stripped of their gentryhood by James VI in 1597, being branded as rebels since Francis Mathew was believed to have been part of a Catholic uprising to overthrow the Protestant King. and William de Haya was Pincerna (butler) to William the Lion. William de Hayas son was one of the hostages held in England with William the Lion and on his return, was granted an extensive manor in Erroll. ** In the reign of Malcolm Bean Mor, the son of the first De Ia Haye was one of the warriors who accompanied William of Normandy into England. Some time after the Conquest he made a journey into Scotland, to visit his uncle, the chief of the Clan na Garadh, then grown to a very advanced age and without children. During his visit the old chief died, and there being no other heir, De Ia Haye was declared his successor. From this time he abandoned the service of William, residing wholly in Scotland. The name became hereditary to the descendants of Garadh, and the old appellation dropped into oblivion.’ ** until this MS. history of the Hays is produced, and the circumstances in which it was found are made known, the alleged Celtic origin of the family must be regarded as a romance, and we must continue to believe that the Hays are in reality a branch of the Norman family of de Haya. They derive their designation from an estate in Normandy, and their armorial bearings are the same as those borne by families of the name in Italy, France, and England. A Sieur de la Haya accompanied William the Conqueror to England in 1066. A William de la Haya, who married a daughter of Ranulph de Soulis, Lord of Liddesdale, was principal butler to Malcolm IV., about the middle of the twelfth century, and to his brother, William the Lion, who bestowed on him the lands of Errol. SIR GILBERT DE LA HAYA and his brother HUGH, descendants in the fifth generation from this royal butler, were amongst the first of the Scottish barons to repair to the standard of Robert Bruce, and were present at his coronation. ** Around the turn of the 10th century a Danish fleet landed an army on the east coast of Scotland near where Montrose now stands and the invaders went roaring and ravaging along under the Sidlaw hills on the way to Perth. Kenneth III of Scotland, warned in Stirrling, came with opposition to check the advance and battle was joined by the river Tay near Luncarty House some four miles north of Perth. A counrtyman named Hay watched the battleground from some distance in a field he was ploughing; and when the Scot ranks wavered and many began running from the fight over the speed hindering soil of the ploughed up field, Hay a man of breadth and strength took the yoke from his oxen's neck and calling his two equally powerful sons to his side, fronted the fugitives, halting their flight, arguing with them; and when that was unavailing, wielding the heavy timber yoke to such effect that those coming from behind paused at the sight of the three heroic figures athwart the narrow strip of land. The tide of runaways stopped -- then, ever stronger flowing, turned again to the field of battle with the three Hays running with them. Like a new small army they came, or so it must have appeared to the Danes, for the sight of this influx of revitalised fighters was the signal for the weary invaders to, in their turn, begin a retreat, ending with their route inspired by the example set by ploughman Hay. King Kenneth brought Hay and his two sons with much ceremony to his castle at Perth; and after the victory celebrations, the question of reward was discussed. A gift of land was settled on, to be dermined by a falcon's flight. The father asked for land "betwixt Tay and Arole" (Errol). The falcon's journey is described: "The falcon flew to ane toun IV miles from Dundee called Rosse and alighted on ane stane which is called The Falcon Stane and so he got all the lands betwixt Tay and Arole six miles of length and four of breadth which lands are still inhabited by his posteritie". Whether the wielded yoke that turned the tide for Scotland's warriors and the falcon that flew to shape the boundaries of the first estate of the clan chief are truth o legend, the fact is that supporters of the Arms of the Earls of Erroll are men shouldering oxen yokes and all is surmounted by a falcon. From legendary history to recorded fact: The wide ranging Hays even before the year 1200 were established at Yester in East Lothian and the Marquess of Tweeddale who is patron of the Hay Society, owns the same land today. And in the Records of Scotland the Hays appear in the 12th century when King William the Lion granted William de Hay a charter of the lands of the barony of Erroll. Today, the village of Errol is at the heart of that land now calld the Carse of Gowrie. About William de la Hay (svenska) William De La Haye FamilySearch släktträd Födelse: Ungefär jul 1100 - La Haye,Cotentin,Normandy,France Död: Mellan 8 jan 1170 och 7 jan 1171 - Scotland Föräldrar: Robert De La Hay Baron de l'Echiquier, Mrs Robert Hay (född De la Haye) Fru: Julianna De La Haye (född De Soules) Barn: Robert de Haya, William II De La Haye 1st Lord of Erroll, Butler of Scotland Syskon: Cecelia St John (född De La Hay), Richard de Haya, Cecily de Saint John (född de la Haye) William De La Haye WikiTree Födelse: 1100 - La Haye,Cotentin,Normandy,France Död: 1170 - Scotland Maka: Juliana De Soules Barn: William De La Haye William De La Haye (född Haye) WikiTree Födelse: 1100 - La Haye, Cotentin, Normandy Död: 1170 - Scotland Maka: Juliana Haye Barn: William De La Haye | de la Haye, William I (I33742)
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| 7726 | William de Mowbray 6th Baron of Thirsk 4th Baron Mowbray Predecessor Nigel de Mowbray II, 5th Baron of Thirsk Successor Roger de Mowbray II, 7th Baron of Thirsk Issue Nigel de Mowbrey III Roger de Mowbrey II Titles and styles 6th Baron of Thirsk 4th Baron Mowbray Family Mowbray Father Nigel de Mowbray II, 5th Baron Thirsk Mother Mabel de Clare Born 1173 Thirsk Castle, Thirsk, Yorkshire, Kingdom of England Died 1224 Isle of Axholme, Epworth, Lincolnshire, Kingdom of England Occupation Peerage of England William de Mowbray From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia William de Mowbray, 6th Baron of Thirsk, 4th Baron Mowbray (c. 1173–c. 1224) was an Norman Lord and English noble who was one of the twenty five executors of the Magna Carta. He was described as being as small as a dwarf but very generous and valiant.[1] Contents 1 Family and early life 2 Career under Richard I 3 Career under John 4 Career under Henry III 5 Benefactor, marriage and succession 6 References 7 See also Family and early life William was the eldest of the one daughter and three or four sons of Nigel de Mowbray, by Mabel, thought to be daughter of William de Patri, and grandson of Roger de Mowbray.[2] Career under Richard I William appears to have been in the company of Richard I in Speyer, Germany, on 20 November 1193 during Richard's period of captivity on his return from Palestine.[3] In 1194 he had livery of his lands. paying a relief of £100. He was immediately called upon to pay a sum nearly as large as his share of the scutage levied towards Richard's ransom, for the payment of which he was one of the hostages.[4] William was later a witness to Richard's treaty with Baldwin of Flanders in 1197.[3] Career under John In 1215 Mowbray was prominent with other north-country barons in opposing King John. He was appointed one of the twenty-five executors of the Magna Carta, and as such was specially named among those excommunicated by Pope Innocent III. His youngest brother, Roger, has sometimes been reckoned as one of the twenty-five, apparently by confusion with, or as a substitute for, Roger de Mumbezon. Roger died without heirs about 1218, and William received his lands.[4][5] Career under Henry III In the First Barons' War, Mowbray supported Louis. Mowbray was taken prisoner in the Battle of Lincoln (1217), and his estates bestowed upon William Marshal the younger; but he redeemed them by the surrender of the lordship of Bensted in Surrey to Hubert de Burgh, before the general restoration in September of that year.[4] In January 1221, Mowbray assisted Hubert in driving his former co-executor, William of Aumâle, from his last stronghold at Bytham in Lincolnshire.[4] Benefactor, marriage and succession William de Mowbray founded the chapel of St. Nicholas, with a chantry, at Thirsk, and was a benefactor of his grandfather's foundations at Furness Abbey and Newburgh, where, on his death in Axholme about 1224, he was buried.[4][3] He married Avice, a daughter of William d'Aubigny, 3rd Earl of Arundel, of the elder branch of the d'Aubignys. By her he had two sons, Nigel and Roger. The ‘Progenies Moubraiorum’ makes Nigel predecease his father, and Nicolas and Courthope accept this date; but Dugdale adduces documentary evidence showing that he had livery of his lands in 1223, and did not die (at Nantes) until 1228. As Nigel left no issue by his wife Mathilda or Maud, daughter of Roger de Camvile, he was succeeded as sixth baron by his brother Roger II, who only came of age in 1240, and died in 1266. This Roger's son, Roger III, was seventh baron (1266-1298) and father of John I de Mowbray, eighth baron.[4] There has been some speculation that de Mowbray was the inspiration for the character of Tyrion Lannister in Game of Thrones. References 1. Michel, Francique, ed. (1840). Histoire des Ducs de Normandie et des Rois d'Angleterre (https://archive.org/stream/histo iredesducsd00michuoft#page/145/mode/1up )(in French). Paris. p. 145." Guillaumes de Moubray, qui estoit autresi petis comme uns nains; mais moult estoit lagres et vaillans." 2. Tait, James; Thomas, Hugh M. "William de Mowbray". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/19461 (https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F19461) . (Subscription or UK public library membership (https://global.oup.com/oxforddnb/info/freeodnb/libraries/) required.) 3. Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Familie (shttps://books.google.com/bo oks?id=8JcbV309c5UC&pg=RA2-PA198&lpg=RA2-PA198&dq=William+de+Mowbray&source=bl&ots=kunFLVIUd 2&sig=W65_Hc8l921NLLGrvw5VHQLyLKk&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BgNGUdWAJfKR0QXEvIDoDQ&ved=0CC0Q6AE wADgU#v=onepage&q=William%20de%20Mowbray&f=false) (2 ed.). p. 198. ISBN 978-0806317595. 4. Tait 1894. 5. Browning, Charles H. (1898). The Magna Charta Barons and Their American Descendants (https://books.google.com/b ooks?id=LsYJ_YB8dpwC&lpg=PA114). p. 114. ISBN 0806300558. LCCN 73077634 (https://lccn.loc.gov/73077634). reprinted 1969 Attribution This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Tait, James (1894). "Mowbray, William de". In Lee, Sidney. Dictionary of National Biography. 39. London: Smith, Elder & Co. See also House of Mowbray Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_de_Mowbray&oldid=785858035" Categories: 1173 births 1224 deaths 12th-century English people 13th-century English people Magna Carta barons Released from excommunication Feudal barons of Mowbray This page was last edited on 15 June 2017, at 20:26. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. | de Mowbray, Lord William (I26372)
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| 7727 | William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke (died 18 May 1296), born Guillaume de Lusignan, was a French nobleman and knight who became important in English politics due to his relationship to King Henry III of England. He was heavily involved in the Second Barons' War, supporting the King and Prince Edward against the rebels led by Simon de Montfort. He took the name de Valence after his birthplace, Valence, near Lusignan. He was the fourth son of Isabella of Angoulême, widow of John, King of England, and her second husband, Hugh X of Lusignan, Count of La Marche, and was thus a half-brother to Henry III, and uncle to Edward I. William was born in the Cistercian abbey in Valence [fr], Couhé-Vérac, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, near Lusignan, sometime in the late 1220s (his elder sister Alice was born in 1224). The French conquest of Poitou in 1246 created great difficulties for William's family, and so he and his brothers, Guy de Lusignan and Aymer, accepted Henry III's invitation to come to England in 1247. The King found important positions for all of them; William was soon married to a great heiress, Joan de Munchensi or Munchensy (c. 1230 – after 20 Sep 1307), the only surviving child of Warin de Munchensi, lord of Swanscombe, and his first wife Joan Marshal, who was one of the five daughters of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Isabel de Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke suo jure. As an eventual co-heiress of the Marshal estates, Joan de Munchensi's portion included the castle and lordship of Pembroke and the lordship erected earldom of Wexford in Ireland. The custody of Joan's property was entrusted to her husband, who apparently assumed the lordships of Pembroke and Wexford between 1250 and 1260. This favoritism to royal relatives was unpopular with many of the English nobility, a discontent which would culminate in the Second Barons' War. It did not take long for William to make enemies in England. From his new lands in South Wales, he tried to regain the palatine rights which had been attached to the Earldom of Pembroke, but his energies were not confined to this. The King heaped lands and honors upon him, and he was soon thoroughly hated as one of the most prominent of the rapacious foreigners. Moreover, some trouble in Wales led to a quarrel between him and Simon de Montfort, who was to become the figurehead for the rebels. He refused to comply with the provisions imposed on the King at Oxford in 1258, and took refuge in Wolvesey Castle at Winchester, where he was besieged and compelled to surrender and leave the country. However, in 1259 William and de Montfort were formally reconciled in Paris, and in 1261 Valence was again in England and once more enjoying the royal favor. He fought for Henry at the disastrous Battle of Lewes, and after the defeat again fled to France, while de Montfort ruled England. However, by 1265 he was back, landing in Pembrokeshire, and taking part in the Siege of Gloucester and the final royalist victory at Evesham. After the battle he was restored to his estates and accompanied Prince Edward, afterwards Edward I, to Palestine. From his base in Pembrokeshire he was a mainstay of the English campaigns against Llywelyn ap Gruffudd and later Dafydd ap Gruffudd; in the war of 1282–3 that led to the conquest of Wales he negotiated the surrender of one of Dafydd's last remaining castles, Castell-y-Bere, with its custodian, Cynfrig ap Madog. He also went several times to France on public business and he was one of Edward's representatives in the famous suit over the succession to the crown of Scotland in 1291 and 1292. William de Valence died at Bayonne on the 13 Jun 1296; his body is buried at Westminster Abbey. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_de_Valence,_1st_Earl_of_Pembroke ================= Medieval Lands: GUILLAUME de Lusignan "de Valence" ([Cistercian Abbey of Valence, near Lusignan] after 1225-in England [1294/18 May 1296], bur Westminster Abbey). His parentage is stated by Matthew Paris, when he records his visit to England in 1247 to his uterine half-brother King Henry III with his older brother and his sister. Seigneur de Valence, de Montignac, de Bellac, de Rancon et de Champagnac. Matthew Paris records the performance of "Willelmus frater dominus regis uterinus congonomento de Valentia" in a tournament in 1248, and in many other tournaments. He styled himself Lord of Pembroke, but was never invested with the earldom of Pembroke. The testament of "Hugo de Lezignen comes Marchie", dated 8 Aug 1248, appoints as his heirs "Hugonem Brunum comitem Angolisme, Guidonem, Gaufridum, Willelmum de Vallencia, milites, et Ademarum, clericum, filios meos". He joined the crusade in 1250 with King Henry III, the group meeting at Bermondsey 27 Apr. He committed a violent outrage at the manor of the Bishop of Ely at Hatfield, Hertfordshire in 1252. The Annals of Tewkesbury record that “dominus Emerinus electus Wyntoniæ, Willelmus de Walencia, et alii duo…fratres domini regis” refused to swear fidelity to the king in 1258. William of Tyre (Continuation) records his arrival in Palestine 23 Aug 1272. Lieutenant of England 1285. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Willelmus de Walence, patruus domini regis” died in 1295. m (before 13 Aug 1247) JOAN Munchensy, daughter of WARIN Munchensy Lord of Swanscombe & his wife Joan Marshal of Pembroke (-1307 before 20 Sep). The Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire names "Johannam" as the daughter of "Warino de Montecaniso" and his wife, adding that she married "domino Willihelmo de Valentia". Matthew Paris names her and her father when he records her marriage. A charter dated 13 Aug 1247 ordered "William de Valence the king’s brother and Joan his wife to have seisin of the lands which belonged to John de Muntchesny of the inheritance of Walter Marshall late Earl of Pembroke, and which after John’s death ought to descend to Joan as his sister and heir". http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ANGOULEME.htm#GuillaumeLusignanValencedied12941296 ============== Royal Ancestry by Douglas Richardson, Vol 1 pg 46, 58, 190, 232; Vol 3 pg 124/254/380; Vol 4 pg 48-49/60/61; Vol 5 pg 115 Knt., seigneur of Valence, Montignae, Bellac, Rancon, and Champagnac, Constable of Goodrich and Pembroke Castles, 1247, Warden of the Town and Castle of Hertford, 1247, 1251, Steward of the manors of Stamford and Grantham, Lincolnshire, 1258, Privy Councillor, Contable of Kilgarran Castle, 1275, Seneschal of the Agenois, 1279, Constable and Keeper of Bergavenny Castle, 1281, Constable of Kilgaran Castle, 1282, Guardian and Lieutenant of England, 1285, and, in right of his wife, Lord (or Earl) of Pembroke, and Lord of the Towns of Ross, Carnbothe, andClumene, co. Wexford, Ireland, 4th son of Hugues [X] le Brun (or de Lusignan), Count of la Marche and Angouleme, seigneur of Lusignan, Chateau-Larcher, Montreuil-Bonnin, and la Morthe-Saint-Heray de Lusignan, by Isabel, widow of John, King of England, and daughter and heiress of Ademar III Taillefer, Count of Angouleme. He was born after 1225. He was the uterine half-brother of King Henry III of England. In 1247 William and his brothers, Guy and Aymer, and their sister, Alice, came to England at the invitation of their half-brother, King Henry III. In 1248 he was granted the manor of Bampton, Oxfordshire by the king. He was appointed joint Ambassador to France in 1249. He took the cross 6 Mar 1250, but did not go to the Holy Land. He was with the king in Aquitaine in 1253-4. He quarreled with Simon de Montfort in the Parliament of 1257. In 1260 he was appointed one of the king's representatives to negotiate a peace with France, and returned to England with Prince Edward about Easter 1261. He was again with the king in France in 1262. In 1263 he served with the king at the Siege of Northampton in April and fought at the Battle of Lewes 14 May. He escaped to Pevensey, and thence to France. In May 1265 he landed in Pembrokeshire with an armed force and joined Edward and Gloucester. He took part in the Siege of Gloucester in June, the attack on Kenilworth 1 Aug, and the Battle of Evesham 4 Aug. He took the cross again 24 Jun 1268. Sometime before 7 Feb 1270 he granted to Nicholas Fit Martin, Knt., his wife, Isabel, and to their heirs 50 marks of yearly rent to be gotten from the lands and tenements which formerly belonged to Peter Fitz Matthew, Knt.; together with all arrears which were owing to him, namely 400 pounds, on account of detinue of 50 marks, whereof he had a grant of the king in 1257; for which quitclaim, Nicholas Fitz Martin gave him 720 marks. He went on Crusade to the Holy Land with Prince Edward in 1270-3. He acted constantly for King Edward I in Aquitaine in 1273-9. In 1274-5 William and Joan his wife arraigned an assize of novel disseisin against Gilbert [de Clare], Earl of Gloucester, and Robert de Boyton touching a tenement in Woolstone, Buckinghamshire. In 1279 he served as ambassador to the King of Castile. In Jul 1282 he was appointed commander of the army of West Wales. In Aug 1282 he was granted protection in Ireland for one year, he staying in England on the king's business. In 1283 he forced David ap Griffith to surrender by taking his stronghold at Bere in Snowdonia. He presented to the churches of Whitechurch, Herefordshire, 1289, and Ganarew, Herefordshire, 1293. In 1289 he was engaged in negotiating the Treaty of Salisbury with Scotland. In 1291 he, his wife, sons, and household were granted a papal indult for a portable altar. In 1292 he was appointed joint commissioner for the armament of the kingdom. In 1294 he and the Earl of Norfolk suppressed the revolt in South Wales. In Jan 1296 he headed an embassey to Cambrai in a fruitless attempt to negotiate between King Edward I of England and King Philippe IV of France. | de Valence, Sir William (I35742)
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| 7728 | William Devereux Born c 1244 Died 1314 Spouse(s) (1) Alice de Grandison (2) Lucy Burnell Issue Walter Devereux of Bodenham John Devereux of Frome Father William Devereux Mother Daughter of Hugh Bigod, Earl of Norfolk https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Devereux,_Baron_Devereux_of_Lyonshall | Devereux, Lord William III (I25958)
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| 7729 | William emigrated 23 Feb 1733/34 to Bucks Co, Pennsylvania, where he was married 1736 to Pleasant Mead. He was the recipient of his brother Samuel’s 1743 letter, and of his mother Esther’s 1748 letter. His will includes a daughter Sarah Mitchell and her daughter Hannah. Also a granddaughter Ann Buly. | Satterthwaite, William (I33137)
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| 7730 | William F. Hahne Called by Death at Colorado Springs Friends will be sorry to learn that William F Hahne, a former Sac county resident, who was well known and respected In this vicinity, passed away October 12 in Colorado Springs. Mr Hahne had been confined to the hospital for several days prior to his death. He suffered with pneumonia. Burial was in Colorado Springs. Hahne was born on a farm near Schaller He was engaged In the insurance-real estate business in Sac City for several years. The family moved to Colorado Springs about two years ago. Both Mr. and Mrs. Hahne were active in the Presbyterian church. Survivors include his wife; a daughter, Mrs. Lucille, Thomas, of Malcom, Iowa; and a son, Fredrick, of Washington, D. C. He was a cousin of Lillian Perrott, Mrs. R. E. Manly. Mrs. Henry Schmitz and Walter Hahne, all of Storm Lake. Storm Lake Register October 17, 1950. | Hahne, William Frederick (I896)
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| 7731 | William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester (died 1183) was the son and heir of Sir Robert de Caen, 1st Earl of Gloucester, and Mabel FitzRobert of Gloucester, daughter of Robert Fitzhamon and nephew of Empress Matilda. Lineage William FitzRobert was the son of Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, an illegitimate son of King Henry I of England, during whose reign William was born. Thus William was a nephew of the Empress Maud and a cousin of King Stephen, the principal combatants of the English Anarchy period. It also meant that William is the great-grandson of the famed William the Conqueror. Early career In October 1141, William looked after the Baronial estates, when his father fell into the hands of partisans at Winchester. His father was exchanged for King Stephen, and during his father's absence in Normandy in 1144 he served as Governor of Wareham. In 1147, he overthrew Henry de Tracy at Castle Cary. In 1154 he made an alliance with Roger de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford, by which they agreed to aid each other against all men except Henry II of England. FitzRobert granted Neath, a town in Glamorgan, a charter. He was Lord of the manor of Glamorgan, as well as Caerleon, residing chiefly at Cardiff Castle. It was there that in 1158 he and his wife and son were captured by the Welsh Lord of Senghenydd, Ifor Bach ("Ivor the Little") and carried away into the woods, where they were held as prisoners until the Earl redressed Ivor's grievances. Relationship with King Henry II In 1173 the earl took the King's part against his sons, but thereafter he appears to have fallen under suspicion, for the following year he submitted to the King, and in 1175 surrendered to him Bristol Castle. Because his only son and heir Robert died in 1166, Earl William made John, the younger son of King Henry II, heir to his earldom, in conformity with the King's promise that John should marry one of the Earl's daughters, if the Church would allow it, they being related in the third degree. Earl William was present in March 1177 when the King arbitrated between the Kings of Castile and Navarre, and in 1178, he witnessed Henry's charter to Waltham Abbey. But during the King's struggles with his sons, when he imprisoned a number of magnates of whose loyalty he was doubtful, Earl William was among them. Family and children He was married to Hawise de Beaumont of Leicester, daughter of Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester and Amica de Gael and had children: Robert fitz William (1151, Cardiff, Glamorganshire – 1166, Cardiff, Glamorganshire). Mabel fitz William, married Amaury V de Montfort, her son Amaury briefly being Earl of Gloucester Amice fitz William, d. 1220. Married Richard de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford, their descendants eventually inherited the Earldom of Gloucester. Isabel, Countess of Gloucester. She was married three times: Prince John Geoffrey FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville, 2nd Earl of Essex, Earl of Gloucester Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent The earl died in 1183; his wife Hawise survived him. Since their only son, Robert, predeceased his father, their daughters became co-heirs to the feudal barony of Gloucester. [Source: Wikipedia, "William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester". see lionk in Sources.] | FitzRobert, Earl William (I31420)
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| 7732 | William FitzAlan (1105–1160) was a nobleman of Breton ancestry. He was a major landowner, a Marcher lord with large holdings in Shropshire, where he was the Lord of Oswestry, as well as in Norfolk and Sussex. He took the side of Empress Matilda during the Anarchy and underwent considerable hardship in the Angevin cause before regaining his lands and former status. William's younger brother, Walter fitz Alan (d. 1177), became ancestor of the royal House of Stuart. Background and early life William was born around 1105. He was the eldest son and heir of Alan fitz Flaad, a Breton noble whose family were closely associated with the sacred environs of Dol-de-Bretagne, close to the border with Normandy and a short distance south-west of the great abbey of Mont Saint-Michel. Alan was a close ally of Henry I of England (1100-1135), who was determined to insert reliable supporters into strategically key areas after the disloyalty of Robert of Bellême, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, who had a strong support network in the Marches. Alan received extensive fiefs in Shropshire and Norfolk from around the beginning of Henry's reign and more as he proved his worth. Much of the Shropshire land was taken from the holdings of Rainald de Bailleul, ancestor of the House of Balliol, as was land around Peppering, near Arundel in Sussex.[1] William's mother was Avelina de Hesdin. Her father was Ernulf de Hesdin (also transcribed as Arnulf), a crusader baron from Hesdin in Artois, which was a fief of the County of Flanders and only loosely attached to France. Ernulf built up large holdings in Staffordshire and Gloucestershire. After his death in the First Crusade, Avelina's brother, also called Ernulf, inherited his lands and titles. Baron and rebel William succeeded his father around 1114, probably still aged under 10. He was appointed the High Sheriff of Shropshire by Adeliza of Louvain, the second wife of Henry I.[2] His first notable appearance is as a witness to King Stephen's charter to Shrewsbury Abbey in 1136. As Sheriff of the county, William was also castellan of Shrewsbury Castle. In 1138, he joined in the revolt against Stephen and garrisoned the castle against the king. After resisting the attacks of the royal army for a month,[2] he fled with his family in August 1138, leaving the castle to be defended by his uncle, Ernulf de Hesdin. When the town fell, Stephen acted in anger, hanging Ernulf and 93 others immediately, frightening the local people and magnates into transferring their allegiance to him.[2] William was deprived of his lands and titles and spent the next fifteen years in exile, until the accession of Henry II to power in place of Stephen in 1153–4.[2][3] He was a close supporter of the Angevin cause, accompanying the Empress or her son on numerous occasions. He was present with Empress Matilda at Oxford in the summer of 1141,[4] and shortly after at the siege of Winchester Castle. He remained in attendance on her at Devizes, witnessing the charter addressed to himself by which she grants Aston to Shrewsbury Abbey. In June 1153 he was present with Henry FitzEmpress, then Duke of Normandy, at Leicester. It was during this period that his younger brother, Walter, used the family's royal connections to make a new career in Scotland under David I of Scotland, an uncle of the Empress. William's active support did not end with Henry's accession to the throne. In July 1155, when the king marched against Hugh de Mortimer, a turbulent Marcher lord who had been a key supporter of Stephen, and recaptured the castles at Shrewsbury and Bridgnorth, William FitzAlan was the chief beneficiary. At Bridgnorth 'the king restored his lands' and William there received the feudal homage of his tenants. Thus he regained his paternal fief. He was also restored as High Sheriff of Shropshire in 1155, holding the post until his death in 1160. Benefactor It was probably between 1130 and 1138 that FitzAlan made the first recorded grant to Haughmond Abbey: a fishery at Preston Boats on the River Severn, near Shrewsbury.[1] It is possible that there was a hermitage or a small religious community at Haughmond even in his father's time, and a small church from this earlier period has been revealed by excavations on the site, so it is not clear that William was the founder of the abbey. However, it was he who set it on a secure financial basis, with a series of important land grants in Shropshire and Sussex, which were reciprocated by other magnates in the region. Haughmond received lands from the Empress, confirmed by Stephen and Henry II. William continued to make benefactions to it when he returned from exile, including the wealthy portionary church of Wroxeter, declaring his intention to increase the number of priests there too. He also made grants to nearby Lilleshall Abbey, another Augustinian house.[5] Though not the founder of Wombridge Priory, a smaller Augustinian house, he sanctioned its foundation by the Hadley family, his vassals.[6] It was, however, Haughmond that became the FitzAlan shrine, with all heads of the family after William buried there for a century and a half.[1] Death and burial William died around Easter 1160. He was buried at Shrewsbury Abbey, according to Eyton, noted in the Haughmond Abbey history ("After William FitzAlan (I), who left his body for burial in Shrewsbury Abbey").[1] Family and heritage William's first wife was Christiana. She was the niece of Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, an illegitimate son of Henry I, and thus cousin to William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester, who was a principal supporter of the Empress. She was the mother of his heir and other children. William's eldest son and heir was also called William FitzAlan. Christiana, their daughter married Hugh Pantulf, 4th Baron of Wem, a later High Sheriff of Shropshire. His wife Christiana died before William regained his ancestral estates in 1155. Henry II therefore gave him the hand of Isabel de Say.[7] She was the sole heiress of Helias de Say, who held the lordship of Clun[8] and was an early benefactor of Haughmond Abbey. Clun was to pass to the FitzAlans on the death of Helias, but he outlived William, so it passed to his son, the second William. Isabel brought prestige as well as land. The FitzAlans remained important Marcher lords and magnates in central England for several centuries. A strategic marriage with their Sussex neighbours, the d'Aubigny family, brought the FitzAlans the rich and important Earldom of Arundel. This they held from 1243 until 1580. It was as earls of Arundel that William FitzAlan's descendants made their most important mark on the history of England. In literature The taking of Shrewsbury in 1138 by King Stephen, including the escape of William FitzAlan and the hanging of the supporters who did not escape, was the historical background for the novel One Corpse Too Many by Ellis Peters.[9] Agents of FitzAlan are characters in a few of the later novels in The Cadfael Chronicles. | FitzAlan, William I (I33434)
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| 7733 | William Hahne, prominent citizen and highly respected resident of this county, died Monday afternoon in Sac City. He was 73 years, eight months and 22 days old. The funeral was yesterday at 10 at the Neal funeral home, Sac City. Rev. C. A. Burkholder, Presbyterian minister, officiating. B. Wallace sang "Abide with me" A. G. Neal accompanying. Burial is in the Schaller cemetery near the grave of his wife. Pallbearers were Bert Sack, Kingsley Minor, Otto Stoeling, Ben Lundberg, R. R. Wandery and Henry Quirn. William Hahne, one of ten children of Frederick William and Sophia Dohmiere Hahne, was born in Wankon, Iowa, Nov. 12, 1867. In April of the year 1870 of his parents came to Sac County, located on a farm northwest of what is the town of Schaller . His parents were among the first pioneers to settle in Eden Township. Here he grew to manhood engaged in farming. He married Lillian Perrott, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Cornelius C. Parrott of Schaller. September 18, 1889. With the exception of ten years and implement business in Schaller, they made their home on a farm northeast of here. There was born to this union two children Lucille who died in infancy,and William Frederick, well-known Sac City Insurance agent. The wife died Sept. 10, 1924. Mr. Hahne was reared in the home of Christian parents. As a young man he united with a community church northeast of Shcaller. Throughout his whole life he was exemplary and devoted husband and father. He was successful in management of his farm and business interests. In all his feelings he insisted upon truth and justice. Holding obligations and contracts as the sacred trust. During the middle years of his life he was quite active in community affairs and was a member of the Woodman Lodge of Schaller. He retired from the farm on which is Lundberg farms on Oct. 1st, 1927, moving to Sac City with his son, with whom he made his home & he had not been in good health for a number of years. For the past year it was manifested he was failing; his condition became such that it was the best to take him to St. Anthony's hospital in Carroll, July 4th his complications were of such other serious nature, little hope was held out for any lasting improvement. He leads to mourn his passing one son William Frederick, and his wife Blanche, of Sac City two grandchildren Frederick and Lucille, others more distant relatives and a large circle of friends who share in the sorrow of the bereaved. This information was published by the Schaller Herald, Thursday, 7, 1941. | Hahne, William Frederick (I590)
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| 7734 | William I (1020 – 12 November 1087), called the Great (le Grand or Tête Hardie, "the Stubborn"), was Count of Burgundy from 1057 to 1087 and Mâcon from 1078 to 1087. He was a son of Renaud I and Alice of Normandy, daughter of Richard II, Duke of Normandy. William was the father of several notable children, including Pope Callixtus II. In 1057, he succeeded his father and reigned over a territory larger than that of the Franche-Comté itself. In 1087, he died in Besançon, Prince-Archbishopric of Besançon, Holy Roman Empire -- an independent city within the County of Burgundy. He was buried in Besançon's Cathedral of St John. William married a woman named Stephanie [fr] (a.k.a. Etiennette). Children of Stephanie (order uncertain): Renaud II, William's successor, died on First Crusade. Stephen I, successor to Renaud II, Stephen died on the Crusade of 1101. Raymond of Burgundy who married Urraca of León and Castile and thus was given the government of Galicia (Spain) (died 1107). Sybilla (or Maud), married (1080) Eudes I of Burgundy Gisela of Burgundy, married (1090) Humbert II of Savoy and then Renier I of Montferrat. Clementia married Robert II, Count of Flanders and was Regent, during his absence. She married secondly Godfrey I, Count of Leuven and was possibly the mother of Joscelin of Louvain. Guy of Vienne, elected pope, in 1119 at the Abbey of Cluny, as Calixtus II. William Eudes. Hugh III [fr], Archbishop of Besançon. Stephanie married Lambert, lord of Peyrins, brother of Adhemar of Le Puy) Ermentrude, married (1065) Theodoric I Count of Montbéliard. (perhaps) Bertha wife of Alphonso VI of Castile and Leon. and maybe another daughter. https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_Ier_de_Bourgogne https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_I,_Count_of_Burgundy His father was Renaud I de Bourgogne, also known as Reginald I Count of BURGUNDY (LDSV-BJ1). https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaud_Ier_de_Bourgogne https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_I,_Count_of_Burgundy His mother was Adélaïde de Normandie (MHT3-W8P). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_of_Normandy https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad%C3%A9la%C3%AFde_de_Normandie_(1002-1038) He married Étiennette de Bourgogne, also known as Stephanie of BURGUNDY (9WYV-M96). https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tiennette_de_Bourgogne Guillaume I de Bourgogne (9S47-R3L) and Étiennette (9WYV-M96) had the following children: ~ Octavien ~ Eudes ~ Renaud II ~ Guillaume ~ Ermentrude ~ Guy ~ Étienne Ier ~ Sybille ~ Raymond ~ Hugues ~ Gisèle ~ Clémence ~ Étiennette ~ Berthe Read the above AGAIN before attempting any merges! ! | of Burgundy, William I (I35548)
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| 7735 | William I Longsword From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia William I "Longsword" William longsword statue in falaise.JPG Statue of William Longsword, part of the "Six Dukes of Normandy" series in Falaise Count of Rouen Reign 927–942 Predecessor Rollo Successor Richard I Born c. 893 Bayeux or Rouen Died 17 December 942 Picquigny on the Somme Burial Rouen Cathedral Spouse Luitgarde of Vermandois Issue Richard I of Normandy House House of Normandy Father Rollo Mother Poppa William Longsword (French: Guillaume Longue-Épée, Latin: Willermus Longa Spata, Old Norse: Vilhjálmr Langaspjót), (c. 893 – 17 December 942) was the second ruler of Normandy, from 927 until his assassination in 942. He is sometimes anachronistically dubbed "Duke of Normandy", even though the title duke (dux) did not come into common usage until the 11th century. Longsword was known at the time by the title Count (Latin comes) of Rouen. Flodoard—always detailed about titles—consistently referred to both Rollo and his son William as principes (chieftains) of the Norse. Contents [hide] 1 Birth 2 Life 3 Family 4 Notes 5 References 6 External links Birth William Longsword was born "overseas"[a] to the Viking Rollo (while he was still a pagan) and his Christian wife Poppa of Bayeux. Dudo of Saint-Quentin in his panegyric of the Norman dukes describes Poppa as the daughter of a Count Beranger, the dominant prince of that region. In the 11th century Annales Rouennaises (Annals of Rouen), she is called the daughter of Guy, Count of Senlis, otherwise unknown to history.[b] Despite the uncertainty of her parentage she was undoubtedly a member of the Frankish aristocracy. According to the Longsword's planctus, he was baptized a Christian probably at the same time as his father, which Orderic Vitalis stated was in 912, by Franco, Archbishop of Rouen. Life Longsword succeeded Rollo (who would continue to live for about another 5 years) in 927 and, early in his reign, faced a rebellion from Normans who felt he had become too Gallicised and too soft.[16] According to Orderic Vitalis, the leader was Riouf of Evreux,[16][17][18] who was besieging Longsword in Rouen. Sallying forth, Longsword won a decisive battle, proving his authority to be Duke.[19]:25-6 At the time of this 933 rebellion Longsword sent his pregnant wife by custom, Sprota, to Fécamp where their son Richard was born.[20] In 933 Longsword recognized Raoul as King of Western Francia, who was struggling to assert his authority in Northern France. In turn Raoul gave him lordship over much of the lands of the Bretons including Avranches, the Cotentin Peninsula and the Channel Islands.[21][22][23]:lii The Bretons did not agree to these changes and resistance to the Normans was led by Alan Wrybeard, Duke of Brittany and Count Berenger of Rennes but ended shortly with great slaughter and Breton castles being razed to the ground.[19]:24 Alan fleeing to England and Beranger seeking reconciliation.[24] In 935, Longsword married Luitgarde, daughter of Count Herbert II of Vermandois whose dowry gave him the lands of Longueville, Coudres and Illiers l'Eveque.[18] Longsword also contracted a marriage between his sister Adela (Gerloc was her Norse name) and William, Count of Poitou with the approval of Hugh the Great.[25] In addition to supporting King Raoul, he was now a loyal ally of his father-in-law, Herbert II, both of whom his father Rollo had opposed.[26] In January 936 King Raoul died and the 16 year old Louis IV, who was living in exile in England, was persuaded by a promise of loyalty by Longsword, to return and became King. The Bretons returned to recover the lands taken by the Normans, resulting in fighting in the expanded Norman lands.[23]:lii The funerary monument of William Longsword in the cathedral of Rouen, France. The monument is from the 14th century. The new King was not capable of controlling his Barons and after Longsword's brother in law, Herluin II, Count of Montreuil, was attacked by Flanders, Longsword went to their assistance in 939,[19]:28-9 Arnulf I, Count of Flanders retaliated by attacking Normandy. Arnulf captured the castle of Montreuil-sur-Mer expelling Herluin. Herluin and Longsword cooperated to retake the castle.[27][28] Longsword was excommunicated for his actions in attacking and destroying several estates belonging to Arnulf.[29] Longsword pledged his loyalty to King Louis IV when they met in 940 and, in return, he was confirmed in lands that had been given to his father, Rollo.[30] [23]:liii In 941 a peace treaty was signed between the Bretons and Normans, brokered in Rouen by King Louis IV which limited the Norman expansion into Breton lands.[23]:liii The following year, on 17 December 942 at Picquigny on an island on the Somme, Longsword was ambushed and killed by followers of Arnulf while at a peace conference to settle their differences.[18][28] Longsword's son, Richard becoming the next Duke of Normandy. Family Longsword had no children with his wife Luitgarde.[31] He fathered his son, Richard the Fearless, with Sprota [c] who was a Breton captive and his concubine.[32] Richard, then aged 10, succeeded him as Duke of Normandy in December 942.[31] Notes Neveux and other authorities believe this may have been in England, as Rollo left Neustria for several years, probably for England. See: Neveux, P. 62; Complainte sur l'assassinat de Guillaume Longue-Ėpée, duc de Normandie, poème inédit du Xe siècle, Gaston Paris; Jules Lair, Bibliothèque de l'école des chartes (1870), Volume 31, Issue 31, p. 397; Complainte de la mort de Guillaume Longue Ėpėe; and Prentout, Etude critique sur Dudon de Saint-Quentin, 178-9 [ns]. See Commentary: The origin of Poppa at: Stewart Baldwin, The Henry Project: "Poppa" for more detailed discussion and opinions. Sprota married Esperling, a rich miller in the Pont-de-l’Arche-Louviers region. By her, he had a son, Count Rodulf of Ivry, who was one of the most trusted advisers of his half-brother, Richard I of Normandy. See Searle, p. 108 and The Normans in Europe, p. 57 | de Normandie, William I (I25714)
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| 7736 | William II 'Taillefer' Count of Angoulême, married her sister Gerberga and had the following children: Alduin, Count of Angoulême (d. 1032), married Alaisia de Gasçogne.[6] Geoffrey, Count of Angoulême (d.1048), married 1st Petronille d'Archiac, 2nd Anceline.[6] Fulk of Angoulême, married Aynors.[6] Odon (flourished c. 1030).[6] Arnauld (died young).[6] William (died young).[6] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ermengarde-Gerberga_of_Anjou | d'Anjou, Gerberga (I34539)
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| 7737 | William II, Count of Eu, feudal baron of Hastings (died about 1095)[1] was a first generation Anglo-Norman nobleman, Count of Eu and rebel. Origins According to most authorities he was the son and heir of Robert, Count of Eu,[a] (died before 1093), by his wife Beatrix de Falaise. Career William of Eu held about seventy-seven manors in the west of England and was one of the rebels against King William II of England in 1088. Although he made his peace with that King, together with William of Aldrie (his wife's nephew), Roger de Lacy and Robert de Mowbray, he conspired to murder William II and to replace him on the throne with Stephen of Aumale, the King's cousin. In 1095 the rebels impounded four Norwegian trading ships and refused the King's demand to return the merchandise. King William conducted a lightning campaign, outflanking the rebels at Newcastle upon Tyne and capturing a rebel stronghold at Morpeth in Northumberland. He besieged the rebels at Bamburgh Castle and built a castle facing the surviving one. During January 1097 in Salisbury, William was formally accused of treason, challenged to trial by battle and was defeated by Geoffrey Baynard, former High Sheriff of Yorkshire. It was finally decided that William was to be blinded and castrated.William died sometime later and was buried at Hastings. William's son Henry inherited the countship of Eu and also became Lord of Hastings. Marriage and children William married twice: Firstly to Beatrice de Builli, daughter of Roger I de Builly (d. circa 1098/1100), feudal baron of Tickhill in Yorkshire[1] and sister and heiress of Roger II de Builli. By this first wife he had one son: Henry I, Count of Eu, feudal baron of Hastings (d. 1140).[1] Secondly to Helisende d'Avranches, daughter of Richard le Goz, Viscount of Avranches, and sister of Hugh d'Avranches, Earl of Chester (d. 1101).[b] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_II,_Count_of_Eu | of Hastings, William II (I34311)
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| 7738 | William III de Beauchamp (c. 1215 – 1269) of Elmley Castle in Worcestershire, was an English baron and hereditary Sheriff of Worcestershire. He was the son and heir of Walter II de Beauchamp (1192/3-1236) of Elmley Castle, hereditary Sheriff of Worcestershire, by his wife Joan Mortimer (d.1225), daughter of Roger Mortimer (d. 1214) of Wigmore Castle in Herefordshire. Career On the death of his father in 1236 he became hereditary Sheriff of Worcestershire, which title he held until his death. In 1249 he was excommunicated by Walter de Cantilupe, Bishop of Worcester, but was later absolved, in the presence of the king, on St. Edmund's Day, 1251. Marriage and children He married Isabel de Mauduit, daughter of William de Mauduit of Hanslope in Buckinghamshire and Hartley Mauditt, Hampshire (by his wife Alice de Beaumont (d. pre- 1263), half-sister of Henry de Beaumont, 5th Earl of Warwick (c.1192-1229)) and sister and heiress of William Mauduit, 8th Earl of Warwick. By Isabel he had issue including: 1. William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick (c.1238-1298), eldest son and heir; 2. Walter de Beauchamp (d.1303/6), of Powick and of Beauchamp's Court, Alcester in Warwickshire, Steward of the Household to King Edward I. His descendant was John Beauchamp, 1st Baron Beauchamp (d. 1475) "of Powick" in Worcestershire. 3. Alicia de Beauchamp, married Bernard I de Bruce of Connington, had issue. .............................................................. William de Beauchamp was the son of Walter de Beauchamp and Joane de Mortimer. He married Isabel Mauduit, daughter of William Mauduit and Alice de Beaumont. He was Pantler at the King's Coronation. He held the office of Hereditary Sheriff of Worcestershire. He gained the title of Baron of Elmley [feudal barony]. He lived at Elmley, Worcestershire, England. He died from 7 January 1268 to 21 April 1268. Child of William de Beauchamp - Sarah de Beauchamp d. a Jul 1317 Children of William de Beauchamp and Isabel Mauduit: 1. John Beauchamp d. a 1297 2. William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick b. c 1240, d. fr 5 Jun 1298 - 9 Jun 1298 3. Sir Walter de Beauchamp b. 1255, d. 1303 http://www.thepeerage.com/p11857.htm#i118565 ......................................................... “Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial & Medieval Families,” Douglas Richardson (2013): “ISABEL MAUDUIT, married c.1236-40 (date of charter) WILLIAM DE BEAUCHAMP, Knt., of Elmley and Salwarpe, Worcestershire, hereditary Sheriff of Worcestershire, son and heir of Walter de Beauchamp, of Elmley, Holt, and Salwarpe, Worcestershire, hereditary Sheriff of Worcester, by his 1st wife, Joan, daughter of Roger de Mortimer. He was born in 1215. Her maritagium included a share of the manor of Letcombe Basset, Berkshire. They had four sonsL 1. William [Earl of Warwick], 2. Walter, Knt., 3. John, Knt., and 4. James, and six daughters, 5. Alice, 6. Joan, 7. Isabel, 8. Margaret (or Margery), 9. Sibyl, and 10. Sarah In 1249 William and his wife, Isabel, gave her share of the manor of Letcombe Bassett, Berkshire for a term of years to Isabel de Mortimer. In 1252 they granted two parts of the manor to Alice de Scothot for life. He fought in Gascony in 1253 and in Wales in 1257, 1258, 1260, 1263. In 1254 he was granted a weekly market and a yearly fair at his manor of Elmley, Worcestershire. His wife, Isabel, died before 30 Jan. 1268, and was buried in Cokehill Nunnery, Worcestershire. WILLIAM DE BEAUCHAMP died shortly before 25 April 1269. He left a will dated 7 Jan. 1268/9, requesting burial at Friars Minor, Worcester. ... Children of Isabel Mauduit, by William de Beauchamp: i. WILLIAM DE BEAUCHAMP, Knt., Earl of Warwick [see next]. ii. WALTER DE BEAUCHAMP, Knt., of Alcester, Warwickshire, married ALICE DE TONY [see POWICK 9]. iii. JOHN DE BEAUCHAMP, Knt., of Holt, Worcestershire, married [see HOLT 9]. iv. ALICE DE BEAUCHAMP, married BERNARD DE BRUS, of Conington, Huntingdonshire and Exton, Rutland [see CONINGTON 6]. v. JOAN DE BEAUCHAMP, married BARTHOLOMEW DE SUDELEY, Knt., of Sudeky, Gloucestershire [see SUDELEY 9]. vi. MARGARET (or MARGERY) DE BEAUCHAMP, married HUBERT HUSSEY, Knt., of Figheldean and Stapleford, Wiltshire [see ESTURMY 9]. vii. SARAH DE BEAUCHAMP, married RICHARD TALBOT, of Eccleswall (in Linton), Herefordshire. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_(III)_de_Beauchamp | de Beauchamp, William III (I35764)
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| 7739 | William is listed as a landowner of lot 14 in Knockaduff Townland. In 1870 his name was removed from the property and was replaced with that of his son, Malcolm. This is presumed to be his date of death. Also in 1870 the name of William McQuigg and Sarah Rogers was removed from Lot 7 and replaced with that of Malcolm McQuigg, his son. | McQuigg, William (I8394)
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| 7740 | William is one of seven children of Henry and Elizabeth Hoffman, immigrants from Hesse, Germany who arrived in America about 1853. He married Martha Dorothea Neiland on November 2, 1873 in Luzerne, Benton County Iowa. From this union three daughters were born, Ida, Mary and Carrie. In his obituary it states that they had four daughters, which includes Wilma, who is actually a granddaughter. William was a farmer and a carpenter. The family moved to Pipestone, Minnesota in 1892 before moving to Wenatchee, Washington in 1911 or 1912. They followed their daughters who had moved to Wenatchee in 1904 and 1907. William died at the age of 74 at his home in Wenatchee. He had been retired for 10 years. After William's death, Martha moved to Hood River, Oregon to live with her granddaughter, Mrs. (Wilma) C.C. Lindley. | Hoffman, William M (I6015)
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| 7741 | William is shown as owning land in Township 82, Range 37, Section 6 in Crawford County, Iowa Internet: rootdigger Genealogy in Schleswig-Holstein, Full date of birth; full name; parents. Government Records: Immigration Records, Came to US 16 Jun 1868 aboard Ship Ville DeParis from Brest and Havre, FRANCE. | Rosburg, WILLIAM Paul Friedrich (I20734)
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| 7742 | William John married his cousin, Thompson's, wife and her remaining children came to live with him. The 1818 is also a likely birth year for William John. | McQuaig, William John (I10117)
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| 7743 | William Moleyns From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Sir William Moleyns (1378–1425), from Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire, was an English politician. He was born on 7 January 1378, son of Sir Richard Moleyns and Eleanor de Beaumont. Career He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Wiltshire in April 1414. Marriage and family Sir William married Margery Whalesborough.[2] They had one son and one daughter. William Moleyns junior was born in December 1405 and died during the siege of Orleans on 8 May 1429. Katherine Moleyns married Sir John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk Death and Memorial He died on 8 June 1425[3] and was buried at St Giles, Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire, where on the north side of the altar on a memorial brass are the effigies of a knight and his lady with their Arms and an inscription. The inscription in Latin reads "Hic jacet Will'ms Molyns, Miles, qui obijt viij die Mens' Junii A. d'ni MCCCCXXV, -Et d'na Marg'ria ux' ei' qo'r' a'hi's p'piciet' de' amen". (Some of the abbreviations: A. - Anno, ux' - uxoris). A partial modern English translation is: "Here lies Williams Molyns, Knight, who died the eighth of the Month of June in the Year of our Lord 1425, and of our Lady Margeria wife ...." Margery his widow died on 26 March 1439. Above the heads of the knight and lady are their coats of arms: The Arms over the lady are blazoned: Or, three piles wavy Gules (Ancient Molyns), impaling Argent, three bends Gules within a bordure Sable bezantée (Whalesborough). The Arms over the knight are blazoned: Or, three piles wavy Gules (Ancient Molyns).[4] References 1. http://www.historyofparliamentonline.ogr /volume/1386-1421/member/moleyns-si-rwilliam-1378-1425 2. Yorkist Lord: John Howard, Duke of Norfolk, C. 1425 -1485 by Anne Crawford p1.1 3. The Paston Family in the Fifteenth Century: Volume 1, The First Phase, by Colin Richmond p.50 4. Find-a-Grave: Sir William Moleyns (https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=120536476) Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Moleyns&oldid=767180932" Categories: 1378 births 1425 deaths 15th-century English people People from Buckinghamshire Members of the Parliament of England (pre-1707) Parliament of England (pre-1707) MP stubs This page was last edited on 24 February 2017, at 11:27. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. | de Moleynes, Sir William (I25617)
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| 7744 | William Moleyns junior was born in December 1405 and died during the siege of Orleans on 8 May 1429. | de Moleynes, William (I25413)
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| 7745 | William Montagu, alias de Montacute, 1st Earl of Salisbury, 3rd Baron Montagu, King of Mann (1301 – 30 January 1344) was an English nobleman and loyal servant of King Edward III. The son of William Montagu, 2nd Baron Montagu, he entered the royal household at an early age and became a close companion of the young Prince Edward. The relationship continued after Edward was crowned king following the deposition of Edward II in 1327. In 1330, Montagu was one of Edward's main accomplices in the coup against Roger Mortimer, who up until then had been acting as the king's protector. In the following years Montagu served the king in various capacities, primarily in the Scottish Wars. He was richly rewarded, and among other things received the lordship of the Isle of Man. In 1337, he was created Earl of Salisbury, and given an annual income of 1000 marks to go with the title. He served on the Continent in the early years of the Hundred Years' War, but in 1340 he was captured by the French, and in return for his freedom had to promise never to fight in France again. Salisbury died of wounds suffered at a tournament early in 1344. Legend has it that Montagu's wife Catherine was raped by Edward III, but this story is almost certainly French propaganda. William and Catherine had six children, most of whom married into the nobility. Modern historians have called William Montague Edward's "most intimate personal friend" and "the chief influence behind the throne from Mortimer's downfall in 1330 until his own death in 1344." Contents [hide] 1 Family background 2 Early service 3 Coup against Mortimer 4 Service under Edward III 5 The Hundred Years' War 6 Final years 7 Family 8 References 9 External links Family background William Montagu, born at Cassington, Oxfordshire in 1301, was the second but eldest surviving son of William Montagu, 2nd Baron Montagu, and Elizabeth de Montfort, daughter of Sir Peter Montfort of Beaudesert, Warwickshire. by Matilda/Maud de la Mare daughter and heiress of Henry de la Mare of Ashtead, Surrey, Royal Justice, Seneschal of William Longspree II Earl of Salisbury. The Montagu family, a West Country family with roots going back to the Conquest, held extensive lands in Somerset, Dorset and Devon. The father, William Montagu, distinguished himself in the Scottish Wars during the reign of Edward I, and served as steward of Edward II's household. Some members of the nobility, including Thomas of Lancaster, viewed Montagu with suspicion, as a member of a court party with undue influence on the king. For this reason he was sent to Aquitaine, to serve as seneschal. Here he died on 18 October 1319. Even though he sat in parliament as a baron, the second lord Montagu never rose above a level of purely regional importance. Early service The younger William was still a minor at the time of his father's death, and entered the royal household as a ward of the king in 1320. On 21 February 1323 he was granted his father's lands and title. His service to Edward II took him abroad to the Continent in both 1320 and 1325. In 1326 he was knighted. After the deposition of Edward II in 1327, Montagu continued in the service of Edward's son Edward III. He helped the new king in repelling the Scottish invasion of 1327, and was created knight banneret in 1328. Montagu enjoyed a close relationship with Edward III, and accompanied him abroad on a diplomatic mission in 1329. That same year he was sent on an embassy to negotiate a marriage alliance with King Philip VI of France. His most important task, however, came in connection with a mission to the Papacy in Avignon. The young king—along with his government—was under the dominance of his mother Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer, who had been responsible for the deposition of the king's father. Montagu explained the king's situation, and Pope John XXII asked for a special signal that assure him that he was dealing with the king in person. After Montagu's return, Richard Bury, Keeper of the Privy Seal, wrote to inform the pope that only letters containing the words pater sancte (holy father), in Edward's own handwriting, were indeed from the king. Only Edward, Bury and Montagu were party to the scheme. Coup against Mortimer When Mortimer discovered the conspiracy against him, Montagu was brought in for interrogation – along with the king – but gave nothing away. Afterward he supposedly advised Edward to move against his protector, because "It was better that they should eat the dog than that the dog should eat them". On 19 October 1330, while Mortimer and Isabella were entrenched in Nottingham Castle, the constable of the castle showed Montagu a secret entrance through an underground tunnel. Along with Edward de Bohun, Robert Ufford, and John Neville and others, he entered the castle, where he met up with the king. A short brawl followed before Mortimer was captured. The queen stormed into the chamber shouting "Good son, have pity on noble Mortimer". Edward did not obey his mother's wishes, and a few weeks later Mortimer was executed for treason in London. As a reward for his part in the coup, Montagu was given lands worth £1000, including the Welsh lordship of Denbigh that had belonged to Mortimer. His family also benefited; his brother Simon Montacute became Bishop of Worcester and later of Ely. Another brother, Edward Montagu, 1st Baron Montagu, married Alice of Norfolk, a co-heir of Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk.[16] Service under Edward III Edward III founded the Order of the Garter in 1348, and included Salisbury's son among the founding members. In the years to come, Montagu acted as Edward's closest companion. In April 1331, the two went on a secret expedition to France, disguised as merchants so they would not be recognised. In September of the same year, Montagu held a tournament at Cheapside, where he and the king were costumed as Tartars. From 1333 onwards, Montagu was deeply engaged in the Scottish Wars, and distinguished himself at the Siege of Berwick and the Battle of Halidon Hill. It was after this event that his lordship over the Isle of Man was recognised, a right he held from his grandfather. The lordship was at the moment of a purely theoretical nature, however, since the island was still under Scottish control. In February 1334 Montagu was sent on a commission to Edinburgh, to demand Edward Balliol's homage to Edward. In the great summer campaign of 1335, it was Montagu who provided the largest English contingent, with 180 men-at-arms and 136 archers. He was well rewarded for his contributions: after the Scots had been forced to cede the Lowlands, Montagu was granted the county of Peeblesshire. He was also allowed to buy the wardship of Roger Mortimer's son Roger for 1000 marks, a deal that turned out to be very lucrative for Montagu.[17] At this point, however, the fortunes were turning for the English in Scotland. Montagu campaigned in the north again in 1337, but the siege of Dunbar met with failure.[18] Following the abortive attempt in Scotland, Edward III turned his attention to the continent. The Hundred Years' War Montagu was created Earl of Salisbury on 16 March 1337. This was one of six comital promotions Edward III made that day, in preparation for what was to become the Hundred Years' War.[19] To allow Montagu to support his new status, the king granted him land and rent of a value of 1000 marks a year. The money was provided from the royal stannaries of Cornwall.[20] A contemporary poem tells of a vow made by the earl on the eve of the wars – he would not open one of his eyes while fighting in France. The story is probably a satire; the truth was that Montagu had already lost the use of one of his eyes in a tournament.[21] In April 1337, Montagu was appointed to a diplomatic commission to Valenciennes, to establish alliances with Flanders and the German princes.[22] In July 1338, he accompanied the king on another mission to the continent, again providing the greatest number of soldiers, with 123 men-at-arms and 50 archers. In September of that year he was made Marshal of England. After the death of Thomas of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk, this office had come into the hands of Norfolk's daughter Margaret. The king did not trust the office with her husband, so he decided instead to bestow it on his trusted companion, Montagu.[23] Edward's policy of building alliances put him in great debt, and when he left the Low Countries to return to England late in 1338, Salisbury had to stay behind as surety to the king's debtors, along with the king's family and the Earl of Derby.[24] The earl had earlier voiced concerns about the costly alliances, but he nevertheless remained loyal to the king's strategy.[25] While Edward was away, Salisbury was captured by the French at Lille in April 1340, and imprisoned in Paris. Reportedly, King Philip VI of France wanted to execute Salisbury and Robert Ufford, Earl of Suffolk, who was captured with him. Philip was, however, dissuaded by John of Bohemia, who argued that the earls could come in handy in an exchange, should any French noblemen be captured.[26] Though released on parole in September, it was not until May 1342 that he reached a final settlement with the French. Salisbury was freed in a prisoner exchange, but only on the condition that he never fight in France again. Final years Salisbury's residence of Bisham Manor in Berkshire. Salisbury had long been frustrated by the failure of the government in England to provide sufficient funds for the war effort.[27] On his return, however, he played little part in the conflict of 1341 between King Edward and Chancellor John Stratford. In May that year he was appointed to a committee to hear the king's charges against Stratford, but little came from this.[28] In 1342–43 he foug | de Montacute, William (I26046)
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| 7746 | William Norris and his first wife, Hannah (married 08 Jun 1802 in Ashe, North Carolina), had one daughter: NANCY NORRIS, born April 14, 1803, Wilkes County, North Carolina, married Isaac Newton Greene, and died in 1878 in Pike County, Kentucky. William Norris and his second wife, Eunice, had ten children, all born in Wilkes County, North Carolina: JOHN B. NORRIS, born January 12, 1806, married Rachel Sands, and died May 18, 1847, Watauga County, North Carolina; SAMUEL NORRIS, born March 8, 1808, married Melissa Curtis, and died about 1865 in Polk County, Tennessee; ANNA NORRIS, born June 22, 1810, married Michael Cook, and died in 1877 in Watauga County, North Carolina; LEVI NORRIS, born July 7, 1812, married Rhoda Margaret Morphew, and died June 28, 1894, Johnson County, Tennessee; REBECCA NORRIS, born March 27, 1813, married Samuel Trivette, and died February 27, 1906, Watauga County, North Carolina; MYRIAH (MYRA) NORRIS, born April 28, 1815, married Jacob Cook, and died April 19, 1909, Watauga County, North Carolina; JOEL GRANVILLE NORRIS, born March 18, 1818, married Mary Griffitts, and died February 8, 1894, Watauga County, North Carolina; JONATHAN NORRIS, born November 27, 1820, married Ailcy Proffitt, and died December 10, 1882, Watauga County, North Carolina; and DAVID NORRIS, born August 29, 1824, married Sarah Matilda Proffitt, and died May 30, 1911, Boone, Watauga County, North Carolina. One should understand that Wilkes County, NC was formed from Surrey County, NC in 1777. Next, Ashe County, North Carolina was formed from Wilkes County, NC in 1799; while Watauga County, NC was formed from Ashe County in 1849. From the History of Watauga County we know that John Norris was residing in Meat Camp, North Carolina in 1776. Meat Camp in 1776 would have been part of Surrey County, in 1777 the same spot was in Wilkes County, in 1799 it would have been Ashe County, while in 1849 onwards it would be Watauga County, NC. So when choosing to do genealogical research you can list events as occurring within present day boundaries or historical boundaries. I choose to use the present day boundaries so that i can easily find a physical location. So for William Simon Norris the closest area locatable is Meat Camp, Watauga, North Carolina likely on Norris Branch or Creek. According to the history book, Joel actually lived in Soda Hill a couple of miles east of Meat Camp. And since William was living with Joel at the time of his death, that is the most probable location of his death | Norris, William Simon Sr (I26093)
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| 7747 | William Or Bill Simmons Young, 64 William 'Bill' Simmons, 64 Boonville Daily News (MO) - Tuesday, March 12, 2013 William 'Bill' Simmons, 64, of Boonville, MO passed away at Boone Hospital Center on Friday, March 8, 2013 surrounded by his family. Funeral services were held at Tuesday March 12th at Zion Lutheran Church in Lone Elm. Burial was in the church cemetery with full military and firefighter honors. William Joseph Simmons was born in Boonville, MO, Jan. 4, 1949, the son of James William "J.W." Simmons and Mabel Barringhaus Simmons. He graduated from S.S. Peter and Paul High School in 1967. Bill served his country with the U.S. Navy from 1967 thru 1971. He married Alice Toellner at Lone Elm Jan. 30th, 1976 and they are the parents of three children. Bill was well known and respected in the community as a philanthropic giver of his time and talents to many organizations, especially those related to youth. He umpired softball for many years throughout the area; he was instrumental in organizing the softball program in Boonville and coached softball teams for many years. Bill was involved with the Fire Service for thirty-seven years and was an important part of founding and organizing the Cooper County Fire Protection District and acting as Chief of the organization from 1980 thru 1998. Mr. Simmons was preceded in death by his parents and one brother, Robert Simmons. He is survived by his wife, Alice, of the home, his son Joey and wife Sabrina of Boonville, his daughters, Angela and her husband, Brian Young of Kansas City, MO and Christie and her husband Daniel Zoeller of Boonville. He will be deeply missed by his grandchildren, Brianna Ruth Young, Sophia Elise Zoeller, Grace Ellen Simmons, Olivia Rae Zoeller, Ava Elizabeth Zoeller and Baby boy Simmons on the way. Bill is also survived by his brothers, Donald and wife Vicky Simmons of Prairie Home, David and wife Elaine Simmons of Boonville, his sister, Cheri Friedrich, his sister-in-law, Linda Simmons, all of Boonville. Also surviving is his mother-in-law, Dorothy Toellner of Lone Elm; as well as 16 nieces and nephews and 14 great nieces and nephews. | Simmons, William Joseph (I22202)
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| 7748 | William Son of Freskin | Sutherland, William (I34776)
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| 7749 | William the Conqueror From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia William the Conqueror William as depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry during the Battle of Hastings, lifting his helm to show that he is still alive King of England Reign 25 December 1066 – 9 September 1087 Coronation 25 December 1066 Predecessor Edgar the Ætheling (uncrowned) (in reality) Harold Godwinson Successor William Rufus Duke of Normandy Reign 3 July 1035 – 9 September 1087 Predecessor Robert the Magnificent Successor Robert Curthose Born About 1028 Falaise, Normandy Died 9 September 1087 (aged about 59) Priory of Saint Gervase, Rouen, Normandy Burial Saint-Étienne de Caen, Normandy Spouse Matilda of Flanders Issue Detail Robert Curthose Richard William Rufus Matilda Cecilia Henry I of England Adeliza Constance Adela, Countess of Blois Agatha (existence doubtful) House Norman dynasty Father Robert the Magnificent Mother Herleva of Falaise William I[a] (c. 1028 – 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard,[b] was the first Norman King of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087. A descendant of Rollo, he was Duke of Normandy (as Duke William II) from 1035 onward. After a long struggle to establish his power, by 1060 his hold on Normandy was secure, and he launched the Norman conquest of England six years later. The rest of his life was marked by struggles to consolidate his hold over England and his continental lands and by difficulties with his eldest son. William was the son of the unmarried Robert I, Duke of Normandy, by Robert's mistress Herleva. His illegitimate status and his youth caused some difficulties for him after he succeeded his father, as did the anarchy that plagued the first years of his rule. During his childhood and adolescence, members of the Norman aristocracy battled each other, both for control of the child duke and for their own ends. In 1047 William was able to quash a rebellion and begin to establish his authority over the duchy, a process that was not complete until about 1060. His marriage in the 1050s to Matilda of Flanders provided him with a powerful ally in the neighboring county of Flanders. By the time of his marriage, William was able to arrange the appointments of his supporters as bishops and abbots in the Norman church. His consolidation of power allowed him to expand his horizons, and by 1062 William was able to secure control of the neighboring county of Maine. In the 1050s and early 1060s William became a contender for the throne of England, then held by the childless Edward the Confessor, his first cousin once removed. There were other potential claimants, including the powerful English earl Harold Godwinson, who was named the next king by Edward on the latter's deathbed in January 1066. William argued that Edward had previously promised the throne to him, and that Harold had sworn to support William's claim. William built a large fleet and invaded England in September 1066, decisively defeating and killing Harold at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066. After further military efforts William was crowned king on Christmas Day 1066, in London. He made arrangements for the governance of England in early 1067 before returning to Normandy. Several unsuccessful rebellions followed, but by 1075 William's hold on England was mostly secure, allowing him to spend the majority of the rest of his reign on the continent. William's final years were marked by difficulties in his continental domains, troubles with his eldest son, and threatened invasions of England by the Danes. In 1086 William ordered the compilation of the Domesday Book, a survey listing all the landholders in England along with their holdings. William died in September 1087 while leading a campaign in northern France, and was buried in Caen. His reign in England was marked by the construction of castles, the settling of a new Norman nobility on the land, and change in the composition of the English clergy. He did not try to integrate his various domains into one empire, but instead continued to administer each part separately. William's lands were divided after his death: Normandy went to his eldest son, Robert Curthose, and his second surviving son, William Rufus, received England. Contents [hide] 1 Background 2 Early life 3 Duke of Normandy 3.1 Challenges 3.2 Consolidation of power 3.3 Appearance and character 3.4 Norman administration 4 English and continental concerns 5 Invasion of England 5.1 Harold's preparations 5.2 William's preparations 5.3 Tostig and Hardrada's invasion 5.4 Battle of Hastings 5.5 March on London 6 Consolidation 6.1 First actions 6.2 English resistance 6.3 Church affairs 7 Troubles in England and the continent 7.1 Danish raids and rebellion 7.2 Revolt of the Earls 7.3 Troubles at home and abroad 7.4 Last years 8 William as king 8.1 Changes in England 8.2 Administration 8.3 Domesday Book 9 Death and aftermath 10 Legacy 11 Family and children 12 Notes 13 Citations 14 References 15 External links Background Norsemen first began raiding in what became Normandy in the late 8th century. Permanent Scandinavian settlement occurred before 911, when Rollo, one of the Viking leaders, and King Charles the Simple of France reached an agreement surrendering the county of Rouen to Rollo. The lands around Rouen became the core of the later duchy of Normandy. Normandy may have been used as a base when Scandinavian attacks on England were renewed at the end of the 10th century, which would have worsened relations between England and Normandy. In an effort to improve matters, King Æthelred the Unready took Emma of Normandy, sister of Duke Richard II, as his second wife in 1002. Danish raids on England continued, and Æthelred sought help from Richard, taking refuge in Normandy in 1013 when King Swein I of Denmark drove Æthelred and his family from England. Swein's death in 1014 allowed Æthelred to return home, but Swein's son Cnut contested Æthelred's return. Æthelred died unexpectedly in 1016, and Cnut became king of England. Æthelred and Emma's two sons, Edward and Alfred, went into exile in Normandy while their mother, Emma, became Cnut's second wife. After Cnut's death in 1035 the English throne fell to Harold Harefoot, his son by his first wife, while Harthacnut, his son by Emma, became king in Denmark. England remained unstable. Alfred returned to England in 1036 to visit his mother and perhaps to challenge Harold as king. One story implicates Earl Godwin of Wessex in Alfred's subsequent death, but others blame Harold. Emma went into exile in Flanders until Harthacnut became king following Harold's death in 1040, and his half-brother Edward followed Harthacnut to England; Edward was proclaimed king after Harthacnut's death in June 1042.[c] Early life Château de Falaise in Falaise, Lower Normandy, France; William was born in an earlier building here. William was born in 1027 or 1028 at Falaise, Normandy, most likely towards the end of 1028.[d] He was the only son of Robert I, Duke of Normandy, son of Richard II, Duke of Normandy.[e] His mother, Herleva, was the daughter of Fulbert of Falaise; Fulbert may have been a tanner or embalmer. She was possibly a member of the ducal household, but did not marry Robert. Instead, she later married Herluin de Conteville, with whom she had two sons – Odo of Bayeux and Robert, Count of Mortain – and a daughter whose name is unknown.[f] One of Herleva's brothers, Walter, became a supporter and protector of William during his minority.[g] Robert also had a daughter, Adelaide of Normandy, by another mistress. Robert became Duke of Normandy on 6 August 1027, succeeding his elder brother Richard III, who had only succeeded to the title the previous year. Robert and his brother had been at odds over the succession, and Richard's death was sudden. Robert was accused by some writers of killing his brother, a plausible but now unprovable charge. Conditions in Normandy were unsettled, as noble families despoiled the Church and Alan III of Brittany waged war against the duchy, possibly in an attempt to take control. By 1031 Robert had gathered considerable support from noblemen, many of whom would become prominent during William's life. They included Robert's uncle, Robert the archbishop of Rouen, who had originally opposed the duke, Osbern, a nephew of Gunnor the wife of Duke Richard I, and Count Gilbert of Brionne, a grandson of Richard I. After his accession, Robert continued Norman support for the English princes Edward and Alfred, who were still in exile in northern France. There are indications that Robert may have been briefly betrothed to a daughter of King Cnut, but no marriage took place. It is unclear if William would have been supplanted in the ducal succession if Robert had had a legitimate son. Earlier dukes had been illegitimate, and William's association with his father on ducal charters appears to indicate that William was considered Robert's most likely heir. In 1034 Duke Robert decided to go on pilgrimage to Jerusalem. Although some of his supporters tried to dissuade him from undertaking the journey, Robert convened a council in January 1035 and had the assembled Norman magnates swear fealty to William as his heir before leaving for Jerusalem. He died in early July at Nicea, on his way back to Normandy. Duke of Normandy Challenges Diagram showing William's family relationships. Names with "---" under them were opponents of William, and names with "+++" were supporters of William. Some relatives switched sides over time, and are marked with both symbols. William faced several challenges on becoming duke, including his illegitimate birth and his youth: the evidence indicates that he was either seven or eight years old at the time.[16][17][h] He enjoyed the support of his great-uncle, Archbishop Robert, as well as the king of France, Henry I, enabling him to succeed to his father's duchy.[20] The support given to the exiled English princes in their attempt to return to England in 1036 shows that the new duke's guardians were attempting to continue his father's policies, but Archbishop Robert's death in March 1037 removed one of William's main supporters, and conditions in Normandy quickly descended into chaos.[20] The anarchy in the duchy lasted until 1047,[21] and control of the young duke was one of the priorities of those contending for power. At first, Alan of Brittany had custody of the duke, but when Alan died in either late 1039 or October 1040, Gilbert of Brionne took charge of William. Gilbert was killed within months, and another guardian, Turchetil, was also killed around the time of Gilbert's death.[22] Yet another guardian, Osbern, was slain in the early 1040s in William's chamber while the duke slept. It was said that Walter, William's maternal uncle, was occasionally forced to hide the young duke in the houses of peasants,[23] although this story may be an embellishment by Orderic Vitalis. The historian Eleanor Searle speculates that William was raised with the three cousins who later became important in his career – William fitzOsbern, Roger de Beaumont, and Roger of Montgomery.[24] Although many of the Norman nobles engaged in their own private wars and feuds during William's minority, the viscounts still acknowledged the ducal government, and the ecclesiastical hierarchy was supportive of William.[25] Column at the site of the Battle of Val-ès-Dunes King Henry continued to support the young duke,[26] but in late 1046 opponents of William came together in a rebellion centred in lower Normandy, led by Guy of Burgundy with support from Nigel, Viscount of the Cotentin, and Ranulf, Viscount of the Bessin. According to stories that may have legendary elements, an attempt was made to seize William at Valognes, but he escaped under cover of darkness, seeking refuge with King Henry.[27] In early 1047 Henry and William returned to Normandy and were victorious at the Battle of Val-ès-Dunes near Caen, although few details of the actual fighting are recorded.[28] William of Poitiers claimed that the battle was won mainly through William's efforts, but earlier accounts claim that King Henry's men and leadership also played an important part. William assumed power in Normandy, and shortly after the battle promulgated the Truce of God throughout his duchy, in an effort to limit warfare and violence by restricting the days of the year on which fighting was permitted.[29] Although the Battle of Val-ès-Dunes marked a turning point in William's control of the duchy, it was not the end of his struggle to gain the upper hand over the nobility. The period from 1047 to 1054 saw almost continuous warfare, with lesser crises continuing until 1060.[30] Consolidation of power William's next efforts were against Guy of Burgundy, who retreated to his castle at Brionne, which William besieged. After a long effort, the duke succeeded in exiling Guy in 1050.[31] To address the growing power of the Count of Anjou, Geoffrey Martel,[32] William joined with King Henry in a campaign against him, the last known cooperation between the two. They succeeded in capturing an Angevin fortress, but accomplished little else.[33] Geoffrey attempted to expand his authority into the county of Maine, especially after the death of Hugh IV of Maine in 1051. Central to the control of Maine were the holdings of the Bellême family, who held Bellême on the border of Maine and Normandy, as well as the fortresses at Alençon and Domfort. Bellême's overlord was the king of France, but Domfort was under the overlordship of Geoffrey Martel and Duke William was Alençon's overlord. The Bellême family, whose lands were quite strategically placed between their three different overlords, were able to play each of them against the other and secure virtual independence for themselves.[32] Image from the Bayeux Tapestry showing William with his half-brothers. William is in the centre, Odo is on the left with empty hands, and Robert is on the right with a sword in his hand. On the death of Hugh of Maine, Geoffrey Martel occupied Maine in a move contested by William and King Henry; eventually they succeeded in driving Geoffrey from the county, and in the process, William was able to secure the Bellême family strongholds at Alençon and Domfort for himself. He was thus able to assert his overlordship over the Bellême family and compel them to act consistently in Norman interests.[34] But in 1052 the king and Geoffrey Martel made common cause against William at the same time as some Norman nobles began to contest William's increasing power. Henry's about-face was probably motivated by a desire to retain dominance over Normandy, which was now threatened by William's growing mastery of his duchy.[35] William was engaged in military actions against his own nobles throughout 1053,[36] as well as with the new Archbishop of Rouen, Mauger.[37] In February 1054 the king and the Norman rebels launched a double invasion of the duchy. Henry led the main thrust through the county of Évreux, while the other wing, under the French king's brother Odo, invaded eastern Normandy.[38] William met the invasion by dividing his forces into two groups. The first, which he led, faced Henry. The second, which included some who became William's firm supporters, such as Robert, Count of Eu, Walter Giffard, Roger of Mortemer, and William de Warenne, faced the other invading force. This second force defeated the invaders at the Battle of Mortemer. In addition to ending both invasions, the battle allowed the duke's ecclesiastical supporters to depose Mauger from the archbishopric of Rouen. Mortemer thus marked another turning point in William's growing control of the duchy,[39] although his conflict with the French king and the Count of Anjou continued until 1060.[40] Henry and Geoffrey led another invasion of Normandy in 1057 but were defeated by William at the Battle of Varaville. This was the last invasion of Normandy during William's lifetime.[41] In 1058, William invaded the County of Dreux and took Tillières-sur-Avre and Thimert. Henry attempted to dislodge William, but the Siege of Thimert dragged on for two years until Henry's death.[41] The deaths of Count Geoffrey and the king in 1060 cemented the shift in the balance of power towards William.[41] The signatures of William I and Matilda are the first two large crosses on the Accord of Winchester from 1072. One factor in William's favour was his marriage to Matilda of Flanders, the daughter of Count Baldwin V of Flanders. The union was arranged in 1049, but Pope Leo IX forbade the marriage at the Council of Rheims in October 1049.[i] The marriage nevertheless went ahead some time in the early 1050s,[43][j] possibly unsanctioned by the pope. According to a late source not generally considered to be reliable, papal sanction was not secured until 1059, but as papal-Norman relations in the 1050s were generally good, and Norman clergy were able to visit Rome in 1050 without incident, it was probably secured earlier.[45] Papal sanction of the marriage appears to have required the founding of two monasteries in Caen – one by William and one by Matilda.[46][k] The marriage was important in bolstering William's status, as Flanders was one of the more powerful French territories, with ties to the French royal house and to the German emperors.[45] Contemporary writers considered the marriage, which produced four sons and five or six daughters, to be a success.[48] Appearance and character No authentic portrait of William has been found; the contemporary depictions of him on the Bayeux Tapestry and on his seals and coins are conventional representations designed to assert his authority.[49] There are some written descriptions of a burly and robust appearance, with a guttural voice. He enjoyed excellent health until old age, although he became quite fat in later life.[50] He was strong enough to draw bows that others were unable to pull and had great stamina.[49] Geoffrey Martel described him as without equal as a fighter and as a horseman.[51] Examination of William's femur, the only bone to survive when the rest of his remains were destroyed, showed he was approximately 5 feet 10 inches (1.78 m) in height.[49] There are records of two tutors for the young duke during the late 1030s and early 1040s, but the extent of William's literary education is unclear. He was not known as a patron of authors, and there is little evidence that he sponsored scholarship or other intellectual activities. Orderic Vitalis records that William tried to learn to read Old English late in life, but he was unable to devote sufficient time to the effort and quickly gave up.[52] William's main hobby appears to have been hunting. His marriage to Matilda appears to have been quite affectionate, and there are no signs that he was unfaithful to her – unusual in a medieval monarch. Medieval writers criticised William for his greed and cruelty, but his personal piety was universally praised by contemporaries. Norman administration Norman government under William was similar to the government that had existed under earlier dukes. It was a fairly simple administrative system, built around the ducal household,[53] which consisted of a group of officers including stewards, butlers, and marshalls.[54] The duke travelled constantly around the duchy, confirming charters and collecting revenues.[55] Most of the income came from the ducal lands, as well as from tolls and a few taxes. This income was collected by the chamber, one of the household departments.[54] William cultivated close relations with the church in his duchy. He took part in church councils and made several appointments to the Norman episcopate, including the appointment of Maurilius as Archbishop of Rouen.[56] Another important appointment was that of William's half-brother Odo as Bishop of Bayeux in either 1049 or 1050. He also relied on the clergy for advice, including Lanfranc, a non-Norman who rose to become one of William's prominent ecclesiastical advisors in the late 1040s and remained so throughout the 1050s and 1060s. William gave generously to the church;[56] from 1035 to 1066, the Norman aristocracy founded at least 20 new monastic houses, including William's two monasteries in Caen, a remarkable expansion of religious life in the duchy.[57] English and continental concerns Family relationships of the claimants to the English throne in 1066, and others involved in the struggle. Kings of England are shown in bold. In 1051 the childless King Edward of England appears to have chosen William as his successor to the English throne.[58] William was the grandson of Edward's maternal uncle, Richard II, Duke of Normandy.[58] The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, in the "D" version, states that William visited England in the later part of 1051, perhaps to secure confirmation of the succession,[59] or perhaps William was attempting to secure aid for his troubles in Normandy.[60] The trip is unlikely given William's absorption in warfare with Anjou at the time. Whatever Edward's wishes, it was likely that any claim by William would be opposed by Godwin, the Earl of Wessex, a member of the most powerful family in England.[59] Edward had married Edith, Godwin's daughter, in 1043, and Godwin appears to have been one of the main supporters of Edward's claim to the throne.[61] By 1050, however, relations between the king and the earl had soured, culminating in a crisis in 1051 that led to the exile of Godwin and his family from England. It was during this exile that Edward offered the throne to William.[62] Godwin returned from exile in 1052 with armed forces, and a settlement was reached between the king and the earl, restoring the earl and his family to their lands and replacing Robert of Jumièges, a Norman whom Edward had named Archbishop of Canterbury, with Stigand, the Bishop of Winchester.[63] No English source mentions a supposed embassy by Archbishop Robert to William conveying the promise of the succession, and the two Norman sources that mention it, William of Jumièges and William of Poitiers, are not precise in their chronology of when this visit took place.[60] Count Herbert II of Maine died in 1062, and William, who had betrothed his eldest son Robert to Herbert's sister Margaret, claimed the county through his son. Local nobles resisted the claim, but William invaded and by 1064 had secured control of the area.[64] William appointed a Norman to the bishopric of Le Mans in 1065. He also allowed his son Robert Curthose to do homage to the new Count of Anjou, Geoffrey the Bearded.[65] William's western border was thus secured, but his border with Brittany remained insecure. In 1064 William invaded Brittany in a campaign that remains obscure in its details. Its effect, though, was to destabilise Brittany, forcing the duke, Conan II, to focus on internal problems rather than on expansion. Conan's death in 1066 further secured William's borders in Normandy. William also benefited from his campaign in Brittany by securing the support of some Breton nobles who went on to support the invasion of England in 1066.[66] Scene from the Bayeux Tapestry whose text indicates William supplying weapons to Harold during Harold's trip to the continent in 1064 In England, Earl Godwin died in 1053 and his sons were increasing in power: Harold succeeded to his father's earldom, and another son, Tostig, became Earl of Northumbria. Other sons were granted earldoms later: Gyrth as Earl of East Anglia in 1057 and Leofwine as Earl of Kent some time between 1055 and 1057.[67] Some sources claim that Harold took part in William's Breton campaign of 1064 and that Harold swore to uphold William's claim to the English throne at the end of the campaign,[65] but no English source reports this trip, and it is unclear if it actually occurred. It may have been Norman propaganda designed to discredit Harold, who had emerged as the main contender to succeed King Edward.[68] Meanwhile, another contender for the throne had emerged – Edward the Exile, son of Edmund Ironside and a grandson of Æthelred II, returned to England in 1057, and although he died shortly after his return, he brought with him his family, which included two daughters, Margaret and Christina, and a son, Edgar the Ætheling.[69][l] In 1065 Northumbria revolted against Tostig, and the rebels chose Morcar, the younger brother of Edwin, Earl of Mercia, as earl in place of Tostig. Harold, perhaps to secure the support of Edwin and Morcar in his bid for the throne, supported the rebels and persuaded King Edward to replace Tostig with Morcar. Tostig went into exile in Flanders, along with his wife Judith, who was the daughter of Count Baldwin IV of Flanders. Edward was ailing, and he died on 5 January 1066. It is unclear what exactly happened at Edward's deathbed. One story, deriving from the Vita Edwardi, a biography of Edward, claims that Edward was attended by his wife Edith, Harold, Archbishop Stigand, and Robert FitzWimarc, and that the king named Harold as his successor. The Norman sources do not dispute the fact that Harold was named as the next king, but they declare that Harold's oath and Edward's earlier promise of the throne could not be changed on Edward's deathbed. Later English sources stated that Harold had been elected as king by the clergy and magnates of England.[71] Invasion of England Harold's preparations Locations of some of the events in 1066 Harold was crowned on 6 January 1066 in Edward's new Norman-style Westminster Abbey, although some controversy surrounds who performed the ceremony. English sources claim that Ealdred, the Archbishop of York, performed the ceremony, while Norman sources state that the coronation was performed by Stigand, who was considered a non-canonical archbishop by the papacy.[72] Harold's claim to the throne was not entirely secure, however, as there were other claimants, perhaps including his exiled brother Tostig.[73][m] King Harald Hardrada of Norway also had a claim to the throne as the uncle and heir of King Magnus I, who had made a pact with Harthacnut in about 1040 that if either Magnus or Harthacnut died without heirs, the other would succeed.[77] The last claimant was William of Normandy, against whose anticipated invasion King Harold Godwinson made most of his preparations.[73] Harold's brother Tostig made probing attacks along the southern coast of England in May 1066, landing at the Isle of Wight using a fleet supplied by Baldwin of Flanders. Tostig appears to have received little local support, and further raids into Lincolnshire and near the River Humber met with no more success, so he retreated to Scotland, where he remained for a time.[73] According to the Norman writer William of Jumièges, William had meanwhile sent an embassy to King Harold Godwinson to remind Harold of his oath to support William's claim, although whether this embassy actually occurred is unclear. Harold assembled an army and a fleet to repel William's anticipated invasion force, deploying troops and ships along the English Channel for most of the summer.[73] William's preparations Scene from the Bayeux Tapestry showing Normans preparing for the invasion of England William of Poitiers describes a council called by Duke William, in which the writer gives an account of a great debate that took place between William's nobles and supporters over whether to risk an invasion of England. Although some sort of formal assembly probably was held, it is unlikely that any debate took place, as the duke had by then established control over his nobles, and most of those assembled would have been anxious to secure their share of the rewards from the conquest of England.[78] William of Poitiers also relates that the duke obtained the consent of Pope Alexander II for the invasion, along with a papal banner. The chronicler also claimed that the duke secured the support of Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV and King Sweyn II of Denmark. Henry was still a minor, however, and Sweyn was more likely to support Harold, who could then help Sweyn against the Norwegian king, so these claims should be treated with caution. Although Alexander did give papal approval to the conquest after it succeeded, no other source claims papal support prior to the invasion.[n][79] Events after the invasion, which included the penance William performed and statements by later popes, do lend circumstantial support to the claim of papal approval. To deal with Norman affairs, William put the government of Normandy into the hands of his wife for the duration of the invasion. Throughout the summer, William assembled an army and an invasion fleet in Normandy. Although William of Jumièges's claim that the ducal fleet numbered 3,000 ships is clearly an exaggeration, it was probably large and mostly built from scratch. Although William of Poitiers and William of Jumièges disagree about where the fleet was built – Poitiers states it was constructed at the mouth of the River Dives, while Jumièges states it was built at Saint-Valery-sur-Somme – both agree that it eventually sailed from Valery-sur-Somme. The fleet carried an invasion force that included, in addition to troops from William's own territories of Normandy and Maine, large numbers of mercenaries, allies, and volunteers from Brittany, northeastern France, and Flanders, together with smaller numbers from other parts of Europe. Although the army and fleet were ready by early August, adverse winds kept the ships in Normandy until late September. There were probably other reasons for William's delay, including intelligence reports from England revealing that Harold's forces were deployed along the coast. William would have preferred to delay the invasion until he could make an unopposed landing.[79] Harold kept his forces on alert throughout the summer, but with the arrival of the harvest season he disbanded his army on 8 September.[80] Tostig and Hardrada's invasion Modern day site of the Battle of Stamford Bridge Harold's brother Tostig and Harald Hardrada invaded Northumbria in September 1066 and defeated the local forces under Morcar and Edwin at the Battle of Fulford near York. King Harold received word of their invasion and marched north, defeating the invaders and killing Tostig and Hardrada on 25 September at the Battle of Stamford Bridge.[77] The Norman fleet finally set sail two days later, landing in England at Pevensey Bay on 28 September. William then moved to Hastings, a few miles to the east, where he built a castle as a base of operations. From there, he ravaged the interior and waited for Harold's return from the north, refusing to venture far from the sea, his line of communication with Normandy.[80] Battle of Hastings After defeating Harald Hardrada and Tostig, Harold left much of his army in the north, including Morcar and Edwin, and marched the rest south to deal with the threatened Norman invasion.[80] He probably learned of William's landing while he was travelling south. Harold stopped in London, and was there for about a week before marching to Hastings, so it is likely that he spent about a week on his march south, averaging about 27 miles (43 kilometres) per day,[81] for the distance of approximately 200 miles (320 kilometres).[82] Although Harold attempted to surprise the Normans, William's scouts reported the English arrival to the duke. The exact events preceding the battle are obscure, with contradictory accounts in the sources, but all agree that William led his army from his castle and advanced towards the enemy.[83] Harold had taken a defensive position at the top of Senlac Hill (present-day Battle, East Sussex), about 6 miles (9.7 kilometres) from William's castle at Hastings.[84] Scene from the Bayeux Tapestry depicting the Battle of Hastings. The battle began at about 9 am on 14 October and lasted all day, but while a broad outline is known, the exact events are obscured by contradictory accounts in the sources.[85] Although the numbers on each side were about equal, William had both cavalry and infantry, including many archers, while Harold had only foot soldiers and few, if any, archers.[86] The English soldiers formed up as a shield wall along the ridge and were at first so effective that William's army was thrown back with heavy casualties. Some of William's Breton troops panicked and fled, and some of the English troops appear to have pursued the fleeing Bretons until they themselves were attacked and destroyed by Norman cavalry. During the Bretons' flight, rumours swept through the Norman forces that the duke had been killed, but William succeeded in rallying his troops. Two further Norman retreats were feigned, to once again draw the English into pursuit and expose them to repeated attacks by the Norman cavalry.[87] The available sources are more confused about events in the afternoon, but it appears that the decisive event was Harold's death, about which differing stories are told. William of Jumièges claimed that Harold was killed by the duke. The Bayeux Tapestry has been claimed to show Harold's death by an arrow to the eye, but that may be a later reworking of the tapestry to conform to 12th-century stories in which Harold was slain by an arrow wound to the head.[88] Harold's body was identified the day after the battle, either through his armour or marks on his body. The English dead, who included some of Harold's brothers and his housecarls, were left on the battlefield. Gytha, Harold's mother, offered the victorious duke the weight of her son's body in gold for its custody, but her offer was refused.[o] William ordered that Harold's body was to be thrown into the sea, but whether that took place is unclear. Waltham Abbey, which had been founded by Harold, later claimed that his body had been secretly buried there.[92] March on London William may have hoped the English would surrender following his victory, but they did not. Instead, some of the English clergy and magnates nominated Edgar the Ætheling as king, though their support for Edgar was only lukewarm. After waiting a short while, William secured Dover, parts of Kent, and Canterbury, while also sending a force to capture Winchester, where the royal treasury was.[93] These captures secured William's rear areas and also his line of retreat to Normandy, if that was needed. William then marched to Southwark, across the Thames from London, which he reached in late November. Next he led his forces around the south and west of London, burning along the way. He finally crossed the Thames at Wallingford in early December. Archbishop Stigand submitted to William there, and when the duke moved on to Berkhamsted soon afterwards, Edgar the Ætheling, Morcar, Edwin, and Archbishop Ealdred also submitted. William then sent forces into London to construct a castle; he was crowned at Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066.[93] Consolidation First actions William remained in England after his coronation and tried to reconcile the native magnates. The remaining earls – Edwin (of Mercia), Morcar (of Northumbria), and Waltheof (of Northampton) – were confirmed in their lands and titles.[94] Waltheof was married to William's niece Judith, daughter of Adelaide,[95] and a marriage between Edwin and one of William's daughters was proposed. Edgar the Ætheling also appears to have been given lands. Ecclesiastical offices continued to be held by the same bishops as before the invasion, including the uncanonical Stigand.[94] But the families of Harold and his brothers did lose their lands, as did some others who had fought against William at Hastings.[96] By March, William was secure enough to return to Normandy, but he took with him Stigand, Morcar, Edwin, Edgar, and Waltheof. He left his half-brother Odo, the Bishop of Bayeux, in charge of England along with another influential supporter, William fitzOsbern, the son of his former guardian.[94] Both men were also named to earldoms – fitzOsbern to Hereford (or Wessex) and Odo to Kent. Although he put two Normans in overall charge, he retained many of the native English sheriffs.[96] Once in Normandy the new English king went to Rouen and the Abbey of Fecamp,[94] and then attended the consecration of new churches at two Norman monasteries. While William was in Normandy, a former ally, Eustace, the Count of Boulogne, invaded at Dover but was repulsed. English resistance had also begun, with Eadric the Wild attacking Hereford and revolts at Exeter, where Harold's mother Gytha was a focus of resistance.[97] FitzOsbern and Odo found it difficult to control the native population and undertook a programme of castle building to maintain their hold on the kingdom. William returned to England in December 1067 and marched on Exeter, which he besieged. The town held out for 18 days, and after it fell to William he built a castle to secure his control. Harold's sons were meanwhile raiding the southwest of England from a base in Ireland. Their forces landed near Bristol but were defeated by Eadnoth. By Easter, William was at Winchester, where he was soon joined by his wife Matilda, who was crowned in May 1068.[97] English resistance The remains of Baile Hill, the second motte-and-bailey castle built by William in York In 1068 Edwin and Morcar revolted, supported by Gospatric. The chronicler Orderic Vitalis states that Edwin's reason for revolting was that the proposed marriage between himself and one of William's daughters had not taken place, but other reasons probably included the increasing power of William fitzOsbern in Herefordshire, which affected Edwin's power within his own earldom. The king marched through Edwin's lands and built a castle at Warwick. Edwin and Morcar submitted, but William continued on to York, building castles at York and Nottingham before returning south. On his southbound journey, the king began constructing castles at Lincoln, Huntingdon, and Cambridge. William placed supporters in charge of these new fortifications – among them William Peverel at Nottingham and Henry de Beaumont at Warwick. Then the king returned to Normandy late in 1068.[97] Early in 1069, Edgar the Ætheling rose in revolt and attacked York. Although William returned to York and built another castle, Edgar remained free, and in the autumn he joined up with King Sweyn of Denmark.[p] The Danish king had brought a large fleet to England and attacked not only York, but Exeter and Shrewsbury. York was captured by the combined forces of Edgar and Sweyn. Edgar was proclaimed king by his supporters, but William responded swiftly, ignoring a continental revolt in Maine. William symbolically wore his crown in the ruins of York on Christmas Day 1069, and then proceeded to buy off the Danes. He marched to the River Tees, ravaging the countryside as he went. Edgar, having lost much of his support, fled to Scotland,[98] where King Malcolm III was married to Edgar's sister Margaret.[99] Waltheof, who had joined the revolt, submitted, along with Gospatric, and both were allowed to retain their lands. But William was not finished; he marched over the Pennines during the winter and defeated the remaining rebels at Shrewsbury before building castles at Chester and Stafford. This campaign, which included the burning and destruction of part of the countryside that the royal forces marched through, is usually known as the "Harrying of the North"; it was over by April 1070, when William wore his crown ceremonially for Easter at Winchester.[98] Church affairs While at Winchester in 1070, William met with three papal legates – John Minutus, Peter, and Ermenfrid of Sion – who had been sent by Pope Alexander. The legates ceremonially crowned William during the Easter court.[100] The historian David Bates sees this coronation as the ceremonial papal "seal of approval" for William's conquest. The legates and the king then proceeded to hold a series of ecclesiastical councils dedicated to reforming and reorganising the English church. Stigand and his brother, Æthelmær, the Bishop of Elmham, were deposed from their bishoprics. Some of the native abbots were also deposed, both at the council held near Easter and at a further one near Whitsun. The Whitsun council saw the appointment of Lanfranc as the new Archbishop of Canterbury, and Thomas of Bayeux as the new Archbishop of York, to replace Ealdred, who had died in September 1069.[100] William's half-brother Odo perhaps expected to be appointed to Canterbury, but William probably did not wish to give that much power to a family member.[q] Another reason for the appointment may have been pressure from the papacy to appoint Lanfranc.[101] Norman clergy were appointed to replace the deposed bishops and abbots, and at the end of the process, only two native English bishops remained in office, along with several continental prelates appointed by Edward the Confessor.[100] In 1070 William also founded Battle Abbey, a new monastery at the site of the Battle of Hastings, partly as a penance for the deaths in the battle and partly as a memorial to those dead. Troubles in England and the continent Danish raids and rebellion Although Sweyn had promised to leave England, he returned in spring 1070, raiding along the Humber and East Anglia toward the Isle of Ely, where he joined up with Hereward the Wake, a local thegn. Hereward's forces attacked Peterborough Abbey, which they captured and looted. William was able to secure the departure of Sweyn and his fleet in 1070,[102] allowing him to return to the continent to deal with troubles in Maine, where the town of Le Mans had revolted in 1069. Another concern was the death of Count Baldwin VI of Flanders in July 1070, which led to a succession crisis as his widow, Richilde, was ruling for their two young sons, Arnulf and Baldwin. Her rule, however, was contested by Robert, Baldwin's brother. Richilde proposed marriage to William fitzOsbern, who was in Normandy, and fitzOsbern accepted. But after he was killed in February 1071 at the Battle of Cassel, Robert became count. He was opposed to King William's power on the continent, thus the Battle of Cassel upset the balance of power in northern France in addition to costing William an important supporter.[103] In 1071 William defeated the last rebellion of the north. Earl Edwin was betrayed by his own men and killed, while William built a causeway to subdue the Isle of Ely, where Hereward the Wake and Morcar were hiding. Hereward escaped, but Morcar was captured, deprived of his earldom, and imprisoned. In 1072 William invaded Scotland, defeating Malcolm, who had recently invaded the north of England. William and Malcolm agreed to peace by signing the Treaty of Abernethy, and Malcolm probably gave up his son Duncan as a hostage for the peace. Perhaps another stipulation of the treaty was the expulsion of Edgar the Ætheling from Malcolm's court.[104] William then turned his attention to the continent, returning to Normandy in early 1073 to deal with the invasion of Maine by Fulk le Rechin, the Count of Anjou. With a swift campaign, William seized Le Mans from Fulk's forces, completing the campaign by 30 March 1073. This made William's power more secure in northern France, but the new count of Flanders accepted Edgar the Ætheling into his court. Robert also married his half-sister Bertha to the king of France, Philip I, who was opposed to Norman power.[105] William returned to England to release his army from service in 1073 but quickly returned to Normandy, where he spent all of 1074.[106] He left England in the hands of his supporters, including Richard fitzGilbert and William de Warenne,[107] as well as Lanfranc.[108] William's ability to leave England for an entire year was a sign that he felt that his control of the kingdom was secure.[107] While William was in Normandy, Edgar the Ætheling returned to Scotland from Flanders. The French king, seeking a focus for those opposed to William's power, then proposed that Edgar be given the castle of Montreuil-sur-Mer on the Channel, which would have given Edgar a strategic advantage against William.[109] Edgar was forced to submit to William shortly thereafter, however, and he returned to William's court.[106][r] Philip, although thwarted in this attempt, turned his attentions to Brittany, leading to a revolt in 1075.[109] Revolt of the Earls Norwich Castle. The keep dates to after the Revolt of the Earls, but the castle mound is earlier.[110] In 1075, during William's absence, Ralph de Gael, the Earl of Norfolk, and Roger de Breteuil, the Earl of Hereford, conspired to overthrow William in the "Revolt of the Earls".[108] Ralph was at least part Breton and had spent most of his life prior to 1066 in Brittany, where he still had lands.[111] Roger was a Norman, son of William fitzOsbern, but had inherited less authority than his father held.[112] Ralph's authority seems also to have been less than his predecessors in the earldom, and this was likely the cause of the revolt.[111] The exact reason for the rebellion is unclear, but it was launched at the wedding of Ralph to a relative of Roger, held at Exning in Suffolk. Another earl, Waltheof, although one of William's favourites, was also involved, and there were some Breton lords who were ready to rebel in support of Ralph and Roger. Ralph also requested Danish aid. William remained in Normandy while his men in England subdued the revolt. Roger was unable to leave his stronghold in Herefordshire because of efforts by Wulfstan, the Bishop of Worcester, and Æthelwig, the Abbot of Evesham. Ralph was bottled up in Norwich Castle by the combined efforts of Odo of Bayeux, Geoffrey de Montbray, Richard fitzGilbert, and William de Warenne. Ralph eventually left Norwich in the control of his wife and left England, finally ending up in Brittany. Norwich was besieged and surrendered, with the garrison allowed to go to Brittany. Meanwhile, the Danish king's brother, Cnut, had finally arrived in England with a fleet of 200 ships, but he was too late as Norwich had already surrendered. The Danes then raided along the coast before returning home.[108] William returned to England later in 1075 to deal with the Danish threat, leaving his wife Matilda in charge of Normandy. He celebrated Christmas at Winchester and dealt with the aftermath of the rebellion.[113] Roger and Waltheof were kept in prison, where Waltheof was executed in May 1076. Before this, William had returned to the continent, where Ralph had continued the rebellion from Brittany.[108] Troubles at home and abroad Earl Ralph had secured control of the castle at Dol, and in September 1076 William advanced into Brittany and laid siege to the castle. King Philip of France later relieved the siege and defeated William at Dol, forcing him to retreat back to Normandy. Although this was William's first defeat in battle, it did little to change things. An Angevin attack on Maine was defeated in late 1076 or 1077, with Count Fulk le Rechin wounded in the unsuccessful attack. More serious was the retirement of Simon de Crépy, the Count of Amiens, to a monastery. Before he became a monk, Simon handed his county of the Vexin over to King Philip. The Vexin was a buffer state between Normandy and the lands of the French king, and Simon had been a supporter of William.[s] William was able to make peace with Philip in 1077 and secured a truce with Count Fulk in late 1077 or early 1078.[114] In late 1077 or early 1078 trouble began between William and his eldest son, Robert. Although Orderic Vitalis describes it as starting with a quarrel between Robert and his two younger brothers, William and Henry, including a story that the quarrel was started when William and Henry threw water at Robert, it is much more likely that Robert was feeling powerless. Orderic relates that he had previously demanded control of Maine and Normandy and had been rebuffed. The trouble in 1077 or 1078 resulted in Robert leaving Normandy accompanied by a band of young men, many of them the sons of William's supporters. Included among them was Robert of Belleme, William de Breteuil, and Roger, the son of Richard fitzGilbert. This band of young men went to the castle at Remalard, where they proceeded to raid into Normandy. The raiders were supported by many of William's continental enemies.[115] William immediately attacked the rebels and drove them from Remalard, but King Philip gave them the castle at Gerberoi, where they were joined by new supporters. William then laid siege to Gerberoi in January 1079. After three weeks, the besieged forces sallied from the castle and managed to take the besiegers by surprise. William was unhorsed by Robert and was only saved from death by an Englishman. William's forces were forced to lift the siege, and the king returned to Rouen. By 12 April 1080, William and Robert had reached an accommodation, with William once more affirming that Robert would receive Normandy when he died.[116] Map showing William's lands in 1087 (the light pink areas were controlled by William). Word of William's defeat at Gerberoi stirred up difficulties in northern England. In August and September 1079 King Malcolm of Scots raided south of the River Tweed, devastating the land between the River Tees and the Tweed in a raid that lasted almost a month. The lack of Norman response appears to have caused the Northumbrians to grow restive, and in the spring of 1080 they rebelled against the rule of Walcher, the Bishop of Durham and Earl of Northumbria. The bishop was killed on 14 May 1080, and William dispatched his half-brother Odo to deal with the rebellion.[117] William departed Normandy in July 1080,[118] and in the autumn William's son Robert was sent on a campaign against the Scots. Robert raided into Lothian and forced Malcolm to agree to terms, building a fortification at Newcastle-on-Tyne while returning to England.[117] The king was at Gloucester for Christmas 1080 and at Winchester for Whitsun in 1081, ceremonially wearing his crown on both occasions. A papal embassy arrived in England during this period, asking that William do fealty for England to the papacy, a request that William rejected.[118] William also visited Wales during 1081, although the English and the Welsh sources differ on the exact purpose of the visit. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle states that it was a military campaign, but Welsh sources record it as a pilgrimage to St Davids in honour of Saint David. William's biographer David Bates argues that the former explanation is more likely, explaining that the balance of power had recently shifted in Wales and that William would have wished to take advantage of the changed circumstances to extend Norman power. By the end of 1081, William was back on the continent, dealing with disturbances in Maine. Although he led an expedition into Maine, the result was instead a negotiated settlement arranged by a papal legate.[119] Last years Sources for William's actions between 1082 and 1084 are meagre. According to the historian David Bates, this probably means that little happened of note, and that because William was on the continent, there was nothing for the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle to record.[120] In 1082 William ordered the arrest of his half-brother Odo. The exact reasons are unclear, as no contemporary author recorded what caused the quarrel between the half-brothers. Orderic Vitalis later recorded that Odo had aspirations to become pope. Orderic also related that Odo had attempted to persuade some of William's vassals to join Odo on an invasion of southern Italy. This would have been considered tampering with the king's authority over his vassals, which William would not have tolerated. Although Odo remained in confinement for the rest of William's reign, his lands were not confiscated. More difficulties struck in 1083, when William's eldest son Robert rebelled once more with support from the French king. A further blow was the death of Matilda, William's wife, on 2 November 1083. William was always described as close to his wife, and her death would have added to his problems.[121] Maine continued to be difficult, with a rebellion by Hubert de Beaumont-au-Maine, probably in 1084. Hubert was besieged in his castle at Sainte-Suzanne by William's forces for at least two years, but he eventually made his peace with the king and was restored to favour. William's movements during 1084 and 1085 are unclear – he was in Normandy at Easter 1084 but may have been in England before then to collect the danegeld assessed that year for the defence of England against an invasion by King Cnut IV of Denmark. Although English and Norman forces remained on alert throughout 1085 and into 1086, the invasion threat was ended by Cnut's death in July 1086.[122] William as king Changes in England The White Tower in London, begun by William[123] As part of his efforts to secure England, William ordered many castles, keeps, and mottes built – among them the central keep of the Tower of London, the White Tower. These fortifications allowed Normans to retreat into safety when threatened with rebellion and allowed garrisons to be protected while they occupied the countryside. The early castles were simple earth and timber constructions, later replaced with stone structures.[124] At first, most of the newly settled Normans kept household knights and did not settle their retainers with fiefs of their own, but gradually these household knights came to be granted lands of their own, a process known as subinfeudation. William also required his newly created magnates to contribute fixed quotas of knights towards not only military campaigns but also castle garrisons. This method of organising the military forces was a departure from the pre-Conquest English practice of basing military service on territorial units such as the hide.[125] By William's death, after weathering a series of rebellions, most of the native Anglo-Saxon aristocracy had been replaced by Norman and other continental magnates. Not all of the Normans who accompanied William in the initial conquest acquired large amounts of land in England. Some appear to have been reluctant to take up lands in a kingdom that did not always appear pacified. Although some of the newly rich Normans in England came from William's close family or from the upper Norman nobility, others were from relatively humble backgrounds.[126] William granted some lands to his continental followers from the holdings of one or more specific Englishmen; at other times, he granted a compact grouping of lands previously held by many different Englishmen to one Norman follower, often to allow for the consolidation of lands around a strategically placed castle.[127] The medieval chronicler William of Malmesbury says that the king also seized and depopulated many miles of land (36 parishes), turning it into the royal New Forest region to support his enthusiastic enjoyment of hunting. Modern historians have come to the conclusion that the New Forest depopulation was greatly exaggerated. Most of the lands of the New Forest are poor agricultural lands, and archaeological and geographic studies have shown that the New Forest was likely sparsely settled when it was turned into a royal forest.[128] William was known for his love of hunting, and he introduced the forest law into areas of the country, regulating who could hunt and what could be hunted.[129] Administration English coin of William the Conqueror After 1066, William did not attempt to integrate his separate domains into one unified realm with one set of laws. His seal from after 1066, of which six impressions still survive, was made for him after he conquered England and stressed his role as king, while separately mentioning his role as Duke.[t] When in Normandy, William acknowledged that he owed fealty to the French king, but in England no such acknowledgement was made – further evidence that the various parts of William's lands were considered separate. The administrative machinery of Normandy, England, and Maine continued to exist separate from the other lands, with each one retaining its own forms. For example, England continued the use of writs, which were not known on the continent. Also, the charters and documents produced for the government in Normandy differed in formulas from those produced in England.[130] William took over an English government that was more complex than the Norman system. England was divided into shires or counties, which were further divided into either hundreds or wapentakes. Each shire was administered by a royal official called a sheriff, who roughly had the same status as a Norman viscount. A sheriff was responsible for royal justice and collecting royal revenue.[54] To oversee his expanded domain, William was forced to travel even more than he had as duke. He crossed back and forth between the continent and England at least 19 times between 1067 and his death. William spent most of his time in England between the Battle of Hastings and 1072, and after that he spent the majority of his time in Normandy.[131][u] Government was still centred on William's household; when he was in one part of his realms, decisions would be made for other parts of his domains and transmitted through a communication system that made use of letters and other documents. William also appointed deputies who could make decisions while he was absent, especially if the absence was expected to be lengthy. Usually this was a member of William's close family – frequently his half-brother Odo or his wife Matilda. Sometimes deputies were appointed to deal with specific issues.[132] William continued the collection of danegeld, a land tax. This was an advantage for William, as it was the only universal tax collected by western European rulers during this period. It was an annual tax based on the value of landholdings, and it could be collected at differing rates. Most years saw the rate of two shillings per hide, but in crises, it could be increased to as much as six shillings per hide.[133] Coinage between the various parts of his domains continued to be minted in different cycles and styles. English coins were generally of high silver content, with high artistic standards, and were required to be re-minted every three years. Norman coins had a much lower silver content, were often of poor artistic quality, and were rarely re-minted. Also, in England no other coinage was allowed, while on the continent other coinage was considered legal tender. Nor is there evidence that many English pennies were circulating in Normandy, which shows little attempt to integrate the monetary systems of England and Normandy.[130] Besides taxation, William's large landholdings throughout England strengthened his rule. As King Edward's heir, he controlled all of the former royal lands. He also retained control of much of the lands of Harold and his family, which made the king the largest secular landowner in England by a wide margin.[v] Domesday Book A page from Domesday Book for Warwickshire At Christmas 1085, William ordered the compilation of a survey of the landholdings held by himself and by his vassals throughout the kingdom, organised by counties. It resulted in a work now known as the Domesday Book. The listing for each county gives the holdings of each landholder, grouped by owners. The listings describe the holding, who owned the land before the Conquest, its value, what the tax assessment was, and usually the number of peasants, ploughs, and any other resources the holding had. Towns were listed separately. All the English counties south of the River Tees and River Ribble are included, and the whole work seems to have been mostly completed by 1 August 1086, when the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that William received the results and that all the chief magnates swore the Salisbury Oath, a renewal of their oaths of allegiance.[135] William's exact motivation in ordering the survey is unclear, but it probably had several purposes, such as making a record of feudal obligations and justifying increased taxation. Death and aftermath William left England towards the end of 1086. Following his arrival back on the continent he married his daughter Constance to Alan Fergant, the Duke of Brittany, in furtherance of his policy of seeking allies against the French kings. William's son Robert, still allied with the French king Philip I, appears to have been active in stirring up trouble, enough so that William led an expedition against the French Vexin in July 1087. While seizing Mantes, William either fell ill or was injured by the pommel of his saddle.[136] He was taken to the priory of Saint Gervase at Rouen, where he died on 9 September 1087. Knowledge of the events preceding his death is confused because there are two different accounts. Orderic Vitalis preserves a lengthy account, complete with speeches made by many of the principals, but this is likely more of an account of how a king should die than of what actually happened. The other, the De Obitu Willelmi, or On the Death of William, has been shown to be a copy of two 9th-century accounts with names changed.[136] William's grave at Abbaye-aux-Hommes, Caen William left Normandy to Robert, and the custody of England was given to William's second surviving son, also called William, on the assumption that he would become king. The youngest son, Henry, received money. After entrusting England to his second son, the elder William sent the younger William back to England on 7 or 8 September, bearing a letter to Lanfranc ordering the archbishop to aid the new king. Other bequests included gifts to the Church and money to be distributed to the poor. William also ordered that all of his prisoners be released, including his half-brother Odo.[136] Disorder followed William's death; everyone who had been at his deathbed left the body at Rouen and hurried off to attend to their own affairs. Eventually, the clergy of Rouen arranged to have the body sent to Caen, where William had desired to be buried in his foundation of the Abbaye-aux-Hommes. The funeral, attended by the bishops and abbots of Normandy as well as his son Henry, was disturbed by the assertion of a citizen of Caen who alleged that his family had been illegally despoiled of the land on which the church was built. After hurried consultations the allegation was shown to be true, and the man was compensated. A further indignity occurred when the corpse was lowered into the tomb. The corpse was too large for the space, and when attendants forced the body into the tomb it burst, spreading a disgusting odour throughout the church.[137] William's grave is currently marked by a marble slab with a Latin inscription dating from the early 19th century. The tomb has been disturbed several times since 1087, the first time in 1522 when the grave was opened on orders from the papacy. The intact body was restored to the tomb at that time, but in 1562, during the French Wars of Religion, the grave was reopened and the bones scattered and lost, with the exception of one thigh bone. This lone relic was reburied in 1642 with a new marker, which was replaced 100 years later with a more elaborate monument. This tomb was again destroyed during the French Revolution, but was eventually replaced with the current marker.[138][w] Legacy The immediate consequence of William's death was a war between his sons Robert and William over control of England and Normandy. Even after the younger William's death in 1100 and the succession of his youngest brother Henry as king, Normandy and England remained contested between the brothers until Robert's capture by Henry at the Battle of Tinchebray in 1106. The difficulties over the succession led to a loss of authority in Normandy, with the aristocracy regaining much of the power they had lost to the elder William. His sons also lost much of their control over Maine, which revolted in 1089 and managed to remain mostly free of Norman influence thereafter.[140] The impact on England of William's conquest was profound; changes in the Church, aristocracy, culture, and language of the country have persisted into modern times. The Conquest brought the kingdom into closer contact with France and forged ties between France and England that lasted throughout the Middle Ages. Another consequence of William's invasion was the sundering of the formerly close ties between England and Scandinavia. William's government blended elements of the English and Norman systems into a new one that laid the foundations of the later medieval English kingdom.[141] How abrupt and far-reaching were the changes is still a matter of debate among historians, with some such as Richard Southern claiming that the Conquest was the single most radical change in European history between the Fall of Rome and the 20th century. Others, such as H. G. Richardson and G. O. Sayles, see the changes brought about by the Conquest as much less radical than Southern suggests.[142] The historian Eleanor Searle describes William's invasion as "a plan that no ruler but a Scandinavian would have considered".[143] William's reign has caused historical controversy since before his death. William of Poitiers wrote glowingly of William's reign and its benefits, but the obituary notice for William in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle condemns William in harsh terms.[142] In the years since the Conquest, politicians and other leaders have used William and the events of his reign to illustrate political events throughout English history. During the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England, Archbishop Matthew Parker saw the Conquest as having corrupted a purer English Church, which Parker attempted to restore. During the 17th and 18th centuries some historians and lawyers saw William's reign as imposing a "Norman yoke" on the native Anglo-Saxons, an argument that continued during the 19th century with further elaborations along nationalistic lines. These various controversies have led to William being seen by some historians either as one of the creators of England's greatness or as inflicting one of the greatest defeats in English history. Others have viewed William as an enemy of the English constitution, or alternatively as its creator.[144] Family and children William and his wife Matilda of Flanders had at least nine children.[48] The birth order of the boys is clear, but no source gives the relative order of birth of the daughters. Robert was born between 1051 and 1054, died 10 February 1134.[48] Duke of Normandy, married Sybilla of Conversano, daughter of Geoffrey, Count of Conversano.[145] Richard was born before 1056, died around 1075.[48] William was born between 1056 and 1060, died 2 August 1100.[48] King of England, killed in the New Forest.[146] Henry was born in late 1068, died 1 December 1135.[48] King of England, married Edith of Scotland, daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland. His second wife was Adeliza of Louvain.[147] Adeliza (or Adelida,[148] Adelaide[147]) died before 1113, reportedly betrothed to Harold II of England, probably a nun of Saint Léger at Préaux.[148] Cecilia (or Cecily) was born before 1066, died 1127, Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen.[48] Matilda[148] was born around 1061, died perhaps about 1086.[147] Mentioned in Domesday Book as a daughter of William.[48] Constance died 1090, married Alan IV Fergent, Duke of Brittany.[48] Adela died 1137, married Stephen, Count of Blois.[48] (Possibly) Agatha, the betrothed of Alfonso VI of León and Castile.[x] There is no evidence of any illegitimate children born to William.[152] Notes Old Norman: Williame I; Old English: Willelm I He was regularly described as bastardus (bastard) in non-Norman contemporary sources. Although the chronicler William of Poitiers claimed that Edward's succession was due to Duke William's efforts, this is highly unlikely, as William was at that time practically powerless in his own duchy. The exact date of William's birth is confused by contradictory statements by the Norman chroniclers. Orderic Vitalis has William on his deathbed claim that he was 64 years old, which would place his birth around 1023. But elsewhere, Orderic states that William was 8 years old when he father left for Jerusalem in 1035, placing the year of birth in 1027. William of Malmesbury gives an age of 7 for William when his father left, giving 1028. Another source, De Obitu Willelmi, states that William was 59 years old when he died in 1087, allowing for either 1028 or 1029. This made Emma of Normandy his great-aunt and Edward the Confessor his cousin. This daughter later married William, lord of La Ferté-Macé. Walter had two daughters. One became a nun, and the other, Matilda, married Ralph Tesson. How illegitimacy was viewed by the church and lay society was undergoing a change during this period. The Church, under the influence of the Gregorian reform, held the view that the sin of extramarital sex tainted any offspring that resulted, but nobles had not totally embraced the Church's viewpoint during William's lifetime.[18] By 1135 the illegitimate birth of Robert of Gloucester, son of William's son Henry I of England, was enough to bar Robert's succession as king when Henry died without legitimate male heirs, even though he had some support from the English nobles.[19] The reasons for the prohibition are not clear. There is no record of the reason from the Council, and the main evidence is from Orderic Vitalis. He hinted obliquely that William and Matilda were too closely related, but gave no details, hence the matter remains obscure.[42] The exact date of the marriage is unknown, but it was probably in 1051 or 1052, and certainly before the end of 1053, as Matilda is named as William's wife in a charter dated in the later part of that year.[44] The two monasteries are the Abbaye-aux-Hommes (or St Étienne) for men which was founded by William in about 1059, and the Abbaye aux Dames (or Sainte Trinité) for women which was founded by Matilda around four years later.[47] Ætheling means "prince of the royal house" and usually denoted a son or brother of a ruling king.[70] Edgar the Ætheling was another claimant,[74] but Edgar was young,[75] likely only 14 in 1066.[76] The Bayeux Tapestry may depict a papal banner carried by William's forces, but this is not named as such in the tapestry.[79] William of Malmesbury states that William did accept Gytha's offer, but William of Poitiers states that William refused the offer.[89] Modern biographers of Harold agree that William refused the offer.[90][91] Medieval chroniclers frequently referred to 11th-century events only by the season, making more precise dating impossible. The historian Frank Barlow points out that William had suffered from his uncle Mauger's ambitions while young and thus would not have countenanced creating another such situation.[101] Edgar remained at William's court until 1086 when he went to the Norman principality in southern Italy.[106] Although Simon was a supporter of William, the Vexin was actually under the overlordship of King Philip, which is why Philip secured control of the county when Simon became a monk.[114] The seal shows a mounted knight and is the first extant example of an equestrian seal.[130] Between 1066 and 1072, William spent only 15 months in Normandy and the rest in England. After returning to Normandy in 1072, William spent around 130 months in Normandy as against about 40 months in England.[131] In Domesday Book, the king's lands were worth four times as much as the lands of his half-brother Odo, the next largest landowner, and seven times as much as Roger of Montgomery, the third-largest landowner.[134] The thigh bone currently in the tomb is assumed to be the one that was reburied in 1642, but the Victorian historian E. A. Freeman was of the opinion that the bone had been lost in 1793.[139] William of Poitiers relates that two brothers, Iberian kings, were competitors for the hand of a daughter of William, which led to a dispute between them.[149] Some historians have identified these as Sancho II of Castile and his brother García II of Galicia, and the bride as Sancho's documented wife Alberta, who bears a non-Iberian name.[150] The anonymous vita of Count Simon of Crépy instead makes the competitors Alfonso VI of León and Robert Guiscard, while William of Malmesbury and Orderic Vitalis both show a daughter of William to have been betrothed to Alfonso "king of Galicia" but to have died before the marriage. In his Historia Ecclesiastica, Orderic specifically names her as Agatha, "former fiancee of Harold".[149][150] This conflicts with Orderic's own earlier additions to the Gesta Normannorum Ducum, where he instead named Harold's fiance as William's daughter, Adelidis.[148] Recent accounts of the complex marital history of Alfonso VI have accepted that he was betrothed to a daughter of William named Agatha,[149][150][151] while Douglas dismisses Agatha as a confused reference to known daughter Adeliza.[48] Elisabeth van Houts is non-committal, being open to the possibility that Adeliza was engaged before becoming a nun, but also accepting that Agatha may have been a distinct daughter of William.[148] Bet. 07 Jan 1087-06 Jan 1088 in Caen, Calvados, Basse-Normandie, France; Interred at the Abbey of Saint-Étienne. Unfortunately William"s original tombstone of black marble, the same kind as Matilda"s in the Abbaye aux Dames, was destroyed by the Calvinist iconoclasts in the 16th century and his bones scattered. | Beauclerc, King of England William (I25444)
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| 7750 | William Trian (Treaunt), Lord of Oxenden s/o Robert Trian (Trianstone) & m-1- Joan Haudenby (Holdenby), co-heiress ch - Robert Trian who was heir of his aunt Juliana Haudenby (Holdenby) - of Holdenby, Northamptonshire m-2- Joan Pantulf ? d- 1194 - Oxenton, Gloucestersjire, England 1176 - Held - Oxenton, Gloucester - Brampton, Northampton - Tarrington, Sussex, Church Brampton, Northampton (I Think that he married JOAN Haudenby (Holdenby) (she married Philip Aubigny) & her sister was aunt to her son Robert Train | de Trian, William (I33430)
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